Android ! BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE

 HISTROY
 INTRODUCTION
 ANDROID ARCHITECURE
 ANATOMY OF AN ANDROID APPLICATION
 ANDROID BUILDING BLOCKS
 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
 WORKING PROCRDURE
 CURRENT STATUS
 ADVANTAGE
 DISADVANTAGE
 CONCLUSION

The history and versions of android are
interesting to know. The code names of
android ranges from A to J currently,
such
as Aestro, Blender, Cupcake, Donut,
Éclair, Froyo, Gingerbread,
Honeycomb, Ice Cream
Sandwich, Jelly Bean, Kit
Kat and Lollipop. Let's understand the
android history in a sequence.

Android didn't just
happen. The origins of
the world's dominant
mobile operating system
can be traced right back
to the beginning of the
previous decade.

In our second
installment, we'll look at
Android's first year on
the market, from the
launch of the T-Mobile G1
in late 2008 through to
the first breakout
successes for Android
the following year, with

In the third part of our
Android History series, we
track Android's progress as it
makes it big in the mobile
world, with devices like the
HTC EVO, HTC Desire and
Samsung Galaxy Galaxy S
sweeping the OS to a
dominant position.

By the end of 2010 Android had
become a force to be reckoned
with on smartphones. The
following year would see
Google's OS properly branch out
into tablets with the slate-centric
(but ill-fated) Honeycomb
release before reuniting the
phone and tablet branches in Ice
Cream Sandwich, the biggest
change to Android in its history

Alha, Beta Cupcake Donut Eclair
Honeycomb Ice Cream Sandwich Jellybean Kitkat
Lollipop Marshmallow Nougat
Froyo
Gingerbread

With the arrival of Android 4.0,
Google's OS was starting to look like a
mature platform. The Ice Cream
Sandwich release gave phone and
tablet makers a really solid foundation
to build atop, and that's exactly what
we saw in 2012. In the fifth part of our
series on the history of Android, we'll
see how Samsung started to become a
dominant force in the Android space,
doing battle with Apple in the process.

Of all the nicknamed versions of
Android, Jelly Bean was with us
the longest. It was an important
time for Android's maturity as a
platform, with Google making
the OS smoother and more
stable across a wide range of
devices, while laying the
groundwork for future
developments like Android
Wear.

When you're dominating the
smartphone world and
successfully carving out a niche
against Apple in the tablet
space, where do you go next? In
2014, the answer for Android
was everywhere. In the space of
twelve months, Android
exploded onto wear ablest, TVs
(again, after the ill-fated Google
TV push), cars and even

In the final (for now) installment
of our Android History series,
we examine Android's third
age. As smartphone hardware
starts to plateau, we see
important new mid-range
devices stealing the show and
Android cameras at the high
end proving the potential of
mobile photography.

Android is the mobile operating system developed by
Google. Essentially, Google produces the software
that runs almost every other mobile phone besides
Apple’s iPhone. There are also some popular Android
tablets as well. Android is a Linux-based software
system, and similar to Linux, is free and open source
software. This means that other companies can use
the Android operating system developed by Google
and use it in their mobile devices (more on that later).
The distinguishing factor of this brand is a kernel.
Android hosts a central core, which essentially is a
strip code that helps the software operate.

Google maintains an open-source
operating system named Android.
It's got all the low-level "stuff" as
well as the needed middleware to
power and use an electronic
device, and it is freely given away
to anyone who wants to grab the
code and build the operating
system from it. There is even a full
application framework included, so
third-party apps can be built and

There's a very good chance the Android you have in
front of you isn't just powered by the open Android —
it needs some extra bits included to make a very
different version of Android. Don't feel confused just
yet.
Whether you have a Nexus phone or a Samsung phone
or a Motorola phone or any other brand of phone
running Android, they all use a version of Android that
has those extra bits. These extras aren't part of the
open Android, and you can't freely distribute any of
them (even it happens all the time, and generally
nobody seems to be too bothered about it).

The future of this operating system is
limitless. Google has the futuristic ambition
and the funds to take Android to
unprecedented heights. In many areas —
such as predicting what users will do next
(for instance, Google Now knows that in the
morning you’re getting ready for work and
will tell you about the traffic) — they’ve
already surpassed Apple. Android has
already posted some impressive figures that
show that Android has become the number
one mobile operating system in a number of

Android is important as a platform for two disparate, yet
compelling, reasons, among many others.
Android is a market-mover. The mobile-application space is
crowded and difficult to gain footing for a newcomer. Google
has the resources and the mind-share to make a splash in any
market it puts in its sights. Google's entry into the mobile spac
has been in the works for a few years. Android was a separate
and distinct company purchased by Google to give it a jump-
start on a mobile presence. Anything Google is doing gets
attention, and publicity is good for introducing new platforms.
Score one for Android.

Android Architecture Or Android Software
Stack Is Categorized Into Five Parts:
1.Linux kernel
2.native libraries
(middleware),
3.Android Runtime
4.Application
Framework
5.Applications

It is the heart of android architecture that
exists at the root of android
architecture. Linux kernel is responsible
for device drivers, power management,
memory management, device
management and resource access.

On the top of Linux kernel, their are Native
libraries such as Web Kit, OpenGL, Free Type,
SQLite, Media, C runtime library (lab) etc.
The Web Kit library is responsible for browser
support, SQLite is for database, Free Type for font
support, Media for playing and recording audio
and video formats.

In android
runtime, there are
core libraries and
DVM (Dalvik
Virtual Machine)
which is
responsible to run
android
application. DVM
is like JVM but it is
optimized for

On the top of Native libraries and android
runtime, there is android framework.
Android framework includes Android
API's such as UI (User Interface),
telephony, resources, locations, Content
Providers (data) and package managers. It
provides a lot of classes and interfaces for
android application development.

On the top of android framework, there are applications.
All applications such as home, contact, settings, games,
browsers are using android framework that uses android
runtime and libraries. Android runtime and native
libraries are using Linux kernel.

There are four building blocks for an Android
application: Activity
- a single screen
 Intent Receiver
- to execute in reaction to an external even
(Phone Ring)
 Server
- Code that is long-lived and runs without a
UI (Media Player)
 Content Provider

There is the most important parts of the
Android APIs :
 Activity
- a single screen
 Intent Receiver
- to execute in reaction to an external
even (Phone Ring)
 Server
- Code that is long-lived and runs without
a UI (Media Player)
 Content Provider

The Android platform is best described as
a stack because it is a collection of components,
including:
Linux kernel-based operating system
Java programming environment
Tool chain, including compiler, resource compiler, debug
Dalvik VM for running applications

 An Unusual & fundamental feature
– Process’s lifetime is not directly controlled by the
application itself.
Deciding factors:
- how important
- overall memory available
 To determine which processes should be killed low on memory:
- “importance hierarchy”

 The ability for any one to customize the Google
android platform.
 It gives you better notification.
 It let you choose your hardware.
 It has better app market (1,80,000 application)
 A more mature platform
 With the support of many application, the user can
change he screen display.
 With Google chore you can open many window at
once.
 Supports all Google services : Android operating
system support all of Google services running from

 Android Market is less control of the manager,
sometimes there are malware.
 Wasteful Batteries, This is Because The OS is a lot of
“Process” in the background causing the battery
quickly drains.
 Sometimes slow device company issued an official
version of an android your own.
 Extremely inconsistence in design among apps.
 Very unstable and often hang or crush

 Android is open to all : industry,
developers and users
 Participating in many of the successful
open source projects.
 Aims to be as easy to build for s the
web.
 Google Android is Stepping into the
next level of mobile internet.

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Android ! BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE

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