auto matic load shedding control for substation
- 1. AUTOMATIC POWER SUPPLY CONTROL SYSTEM
- 2. Submitted to: department of electrical and electronics engineering Made by : Amrit Poudel (13480001) Bishow Kandel (13480007) Dinesh Neupane (13480009) Prabesh Pathak (13480018) Ranjeet V.K (13480023)
- 3. Introduction Our project focus on “AUTOMATIC POWER SUPPLY CONTROL SYSTEM”. It is accurate scaling on load shedding control. Power supply system is important for distribution of the electrical energy in order to run all the electrical appliances. Also controlling of the power supply is not a simple and easy process. It requires systematic process. Both manual and automatic process can be implemented in order to control power supply. Automatic controlling idea ,today’s has developed the advancement on process which is as slowly on implementing condition .This project is mainly focus on the loadsheding so we can say it as “Automation in loadshedding”. Electricity problem is the major problem of Nepalese people. In the sunny days almost 18 hours a day we face loadshedding problem even though absence of proper time schedule will create more additional problem to people.so AUTOMATIC POWER SUPPLY CONTROL SYSTEM improves response time and makes fast optimum and reliable loadshedding decision with condition
- 4. Tools required 1.ATMEGA32,8 pins microcontroller -Generally rectangular in shape -operated in 5v dc supply. -single ic fabricated and use MOS technology. 2.Relay -small square box in shape. -has a 5 pins. -operated in 5 to 6 v in dc. -initially they are normally closed in state. 3.Transistor BC547 -generally they are PNP types. -has base ,collector and ammeter. -use as switching function .
- 5. 4.LED. -used as indicator. -has anode and cathode terminals. -provided with different colors. 5.Regulator ic. -they are use to supply fixed Volts. -has 3 pins, input, ground and outputs. 6. Resistor. -passive device that resist the flow of flow of voltage. -thave fixed value . 7. Potentiometer. -Used as variable resistor. -It measure the electric potential. -We can adjust its value manually by hand. 8.Crystal oscillator,16Mhz. -Electronic device that create electric signal with required frequency. -Generate clock signal for microcontroller.
- 6. 9.Ceramic capacitor,22pf -Use ceramic as dielectric medium. -small tubular in shape. -has high capacitance. 10.Transformer,12v 1A. –Step down transformer(220v to 12v) 11.Diodes,1N4007. -They are used for rectifications purposes. -has two layer positive and negative type known as PN junction diode. 12. 16*2 LCD. -They are used for display unit. 13.Copper board. -They are used for installation of all above device.
- 7. 3. Methodology The project of “AUTOMATIC POWER SUPPLY CONTROL SYSTEM ” system is to control load operation multiple number of time according to programmed instruction. The project eliminates the manual ON/OFF switching of load. A microcontroller ATMEGA328P is used to track the time and automatically switch ON&OFF the load. This project requires time management which is used when electricity demand exceed the supply and incase when supply is not necessary and somewhere necessary of continuous supply there comes a need for manually switching ON/OFF the electrical devices in time. Hence the system eliminates the manual operation by automatically switching the load ON/OFF A programme is done on microcontroller where specified time is input to microcontroller. When this input time is equal to real time based on commands the microcontroller initiates the particular relay to switch ON/OFF the load. The particular relay supply the power to particular supply board and which is on .The seven segment display the place or equipment’s name which is on . For ex: - When used on substation Name: LOADSHEDING ON FEEDER 1
- 9. Benefits of automation in loadshedding Due to automatic system, the operation is reliable. Fixed and accurate time of loadshedding. Eliminate unnecessary loadshedding. Fast response to disturbances. Display required time and place of loadshedding. Bharatpur/Chanauli = OFF Narayangarh/gaindakot= ON
- 10. Easier maintance (reprogramming). Predict system response after loadshedding. To reduce human effort (labour cost).
- 11. Limitation This system is a bit complex system due to digitalization. Regular maintenance & skilled manpower is needed. Well programmer only handle this system. Higher in cost while installed. All the system is automatically run, so the operator is free from their work. Wahoo!!! Thank u automation
- 12. Result Thus as out comes of our project helps in improvement of transmission line performance in maximum power demand conditions by removing transmission line over loadings, maximization of its voltage stability and minimization system interrupt. Finally our project helps: minimum system interrupt Better and reliable due to proper scheduling maximization of its voltage stability
- 13. References 1. POWER SYSTEMS, THIRD EDITION (PART OF THE FIVE-VOLUME SET, THE ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM ( ENGINEERING HANDBOOK) BY LEONARD L. HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/ELECTRICAL_SUBSTATION HTTP://SEMINARPROJECTS.COM/S/REAL-TIME-AUTOMATIC-LOAD- SHEDDING-FOR-POWER-LINES