Automatic Multilevel Car Parking & Controlling System using PLC

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1939
AUTOMATIC MULTILEVEL CAR PARKING & CONTROLLING SYSTEM
USING PLC
Amol Pawar, Rahul Rane, Pritam Raut, Dhanshri Mulepatil, Anubha Panchal
Student, Dept. of EE, JSPM’S BSIOTR, Wagholi, Maharastra, India
Assistant professor, Dept. of EE, JSPM’S BSIOTR, Wagholi, Maharastra, India
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Abstract -In this paper, the basic multi-level car parking
scheme with three floors is considered to display the use of
control systems in parking systems. The control method will
perform a major part in organizing the arrival to and
leaving from the parking track. It also presents the
arrangement of multi-level parking track which occupies
less need on the ground and contains the large number of
cars. In the modern world, where parking-space has become
a very big trouble , it has become very important to avoid
the decrement of area in modern big Automatic multi-level
car parking method helps to minimize the car parking area
companies and apartments. The parking track have an
elevator to carry cars to different floors according to the
vacancies. The elevator is controlled by a programmable
logic controller (PLC) along with the assist of some sensors.
Key Words: PLC Ladder Logic, Car park system, sensors
and DC motor
1.INTRODUCTION
The development and advancement of nations is
measured by the alternative of their usage and
application of latest invented technologies in all
aspects of existence. Control engineering is one of the
aspects which have been given a great deal by many
researchers. It became to a great concerns in many
areas such as industriousness, farming, medicine,
education and infrastructure. This paper is devoted
to the function of control systems in parking systems.
The control method will act a major activity in
organizing the arrival to and leaving from the
parking track. It also presents the arrangement of
multi-level parking track which occupies less need on
the ground and contains the large number of car. In
the modern world, where parking-space has become
a very big trouble, it has become very important to
nullify the decrement of area in modern big
Automatic multilevel car parking system helps to
minify the car parking area companies and
apartments etc. There are two types of car parking
systems: traditional and automated. In the long term,
automated car parking systems are likely to be more
price effective when compared to traditional parking
garages. Automatic multi-stored automated car park
systems are less expensive per parking slot. A
multilevel car parking is essentially a building with
number of floors or layers for the cars to be parked.
An automated car parking has mechanized lifts
which transport the car to the different levels at a
certain place. Therefore, these car parks take less
building volume and less land space and thus save
on the expenditure of the building. Multi–level car
parking system is essential especially in regions
facing area shortages, also in areas which supply
huge crowds.
2 Objective of the project work
The goal of this paper is to designing and construct a
model car parking scheme with PLC. To evolve an
intelligent, user friendly automated car parking scheme
which reduces the manpower, traffic crowding and fuel
consumption of the vehicle. To offer safe and secure
parking slots within limited area. This paper makes use
of “Allen Bradly Micrologicx 1400” PLC.
Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC for short, is
simply a special computer device used for industrial
control systems. They are used in many industries
such as oil refineries, manufacturing lines, conveyor
systems and so on. Where ever there is need to
control devices the PLC provides a flexible mode to
“soft wire” the component together. The PLC works
as a controller for this project. PLC is activity to
control the movement of elevator and working of
pneumatic mechanism.

3. COMPONENTS
Relay board
Relay board is placed to drive the outputs of PLC. It
contains 4 relays. Relays are used to supply power
to 12volt DC geared motors. Voltage required to
drive the DC motor is 12V DC. PLC gives 24V DC
output. Hence to drive the 12V motor by PLC, relay
interfacing is essential. In this paper, movement of
escalator is in both forward and reverse direction.
Hence single DC motor is driven by two relays.
Fig -1: Relay connection
DC motor
In this paper makes use of three 200 rpm DC motors.
First motor is used for vertical motion of escalator.
Since the weight of escalator is very high, torque
required to lift the escalator is also very high. This
motor is mounted on the top of the assembly. Since
this is prototype model, simple screw mechanism is
used for vertical motion of the escalator. Second
motor is used for horizontal motion of the escalator.
A mechanical screw is coupled with the shaft of
motor. Motor is connected to PLC through the relay
board. Rotational motion of the escalator is achieved
by third DC motor. This motor is mounted on the
bottom side of the escalator. Shaft of this motor is
attached to the escalator lift mechanism.
Limit switches
The motion of the escalator is terminated safely with
the help of Limit switches. Nine limit switches are
used for precise movement control of escalator.
Building is three floor building, each limit switch is
mounted on each floor to ensure correct stopping of
lift. Limit switch mounted on each floor is normally
open When escalator comes in front of the selected
prototype building, limit switch mounted on that
building turns to normally close position as a result
motor stops rotating.
Fig.4.5.Limit switch
Power supply
A power supply is an electronic device that supplies
electric energy to an electrical load. The primary
purpose of a power supply is to replace one from
electrical energy to another and known as a electric
power converters. The power supply necessity is
generally 12V, 5V and 3.3V DC output with about 3
Amp (Max) current capacity. Power supply required
for different controller.
Fig -2: Power supply
4. PROGRAMMING A PLC
In these modern times a PC with specially dedicated
software from the PLC Manufacturer is used to
program a PLC. The most widely used category of
programming is called ladder logic. Ladder logic uses
symbols, instead of words, to simulate the real world
relay logic control, which is a object from the PLC's
history. These symbols are interconnected by lines to
show the flow of current through relay like contacts
and coils. Over the years the number of symbols has
increased to provide a high degree of functionality.
The completed program looks like a ladder but in
existence it represents an electrical circuit. The left
and right rails indicate the positive and ground of a

power supply. The rungs represent the wiring
between the different components which in the case
of a PLC are all in the virtual world of the CPU. So if
you can understand how basic electrical circuits
work then you can understand ladder logic. In this
simplest of examples, a digital input (like a button
connected to the first position on the card) when it is
pressed turns on an output which energizes an
Indicator light.
Advantages of multilevel car park system
 Vehicle safety.
 Minimum space required for construction.
 Maximum utilization of ground space.
 Easy for the driver.
5. CONCLUSION
Multilevel car parking system had designed and
developed. The PLC with the assist of some sensors
checks the accessibility of the vacant place on each
floor. The movement of the elevator between the
floors was continuous and smooth as requested. By
using PLC we can manage the number of cars inside
the parking easily. We can decrease time to park. By
using PLC we can control and manage the parking
system.
REFERENCES
[1] Balwant K. Patil. “ PLC Based Instinctive Car Parking
System” A decision support system for parking space
assignment,” Mathl. Comput. Modelling Vol.15, No. 8, PP.
71-76.
[2] K ALSHAREF K. “Design and Fabrication of an
Automated Multi-level Car Parking System”2nd Edition,
Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1993.
[3] Ajender Singh” Car Parking Monitoring Using PLC &
SCADA”
‖SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.‖ USA:
[4] Swanand S .Vaze” PLC Based Automatic Multistoried
Car Parking System” A Textbook of Electrical
Technology”,Sultan Chand & Sons, 1st Multicolour Edition,
Volume II, 2005, ISBN 8121-92437-5

Automatic Multilevel Car Parking & Controlling System using PLC

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Automatic Multilevel Car Parking & Controlling System using PLC