Automatic Train Collision and Accidence Avoidance system
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The document discusses an automatic train collision and accident avoidance system, highlighting the need for automated braking, real-time train monitoring, and an alert system using pattern recognition. It provides an overview of historical rail accidents and emphasizes the technology's potential to significantly reduce collision rates. Proposed solutions include installing ultrasonic sensors and implementing image pattern recognition to detect obstacles and alert control personnel.
Automatic Train Collision and Accidence Avoidance system
- 1. Automatic Train Collision and Accident Avoidance System By R.Pradeep Raj (pradeeprajr93@gmail.com)
- 2. Contents • Importance of this topic • Rail accidents – An overview • Ideas suggested : – Automated Braking in Trains – Real-time Train monitoring – Alert system using Pattern Recognition
- 3. Why this topic..? Survey on Train Accidents 40 35 1890's 30 1900's 25 1950's 20 1970's 15 1980's 1990's 10 2000's 5 2011-13 0 Year
- 4. Rail accidents • 4 January 1961 - Frontal collision of two passenger trains near Umeshnagar. 35 dead, 61 wounded. • 13 August 1998: Nineteen killed and 27 injured as a bus rams into the Chennai–Madurai Express train at an unmanned level-crossing. • 13 November 2013 - A herd of 40 elephants was struck by a passenger train in Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary.
- 5. 1. Automated braking Need : • To detect the presence of obstacle even from a long range • Human inaccuracy • Optimal level of brake application
- 6. Braking System Types : • Vacuum brake (obsolete) • Air brake (currently in use) - Westinghouse Brake The average braking distance of a train moving at a speed of 100 km/hr is about 300m. Dynamic Braking
- 8. Ultrasonic Transducer Production of high frequency sound waves around 18,000 hertz Works on the principle of Piezo-electric Effect Generated by Piezo-electric crystal Also produced by Magneto-striction effect Time interval between sending and reception
- 10. T R A N C E I V E R ADC Intimate the Loco-driver Microcontroller Application of Brakes O B S T A C L E Driver circuit and Actuator
- 11. 2. Real-time Train Monitoring Placing for every 300m – 500m in unmanned level crossing and accident prone zones. It gives the real time parameters of train : Speed of the train Direction of the train Location of the train
- 12. Piezo-electric sensor To measure • Changes in pressure • Acceleration • strain or force by converting to electrical signals
- 13. Block Diagram
- 14. What can we achieve? • An easiest way to get the real-time parameters • Intelligent alert system at crossing • Best way to eradicate Train-Vehicle collision
- 15. 3. Pattern Recognition An Application of Digital Image Processing Based on Bayesian Decision Theory Types : 1. Statistical Pattern Recognition 2. Structural Pattern recognition
- 16. Alert using Pattern Recognition • It compare the sensed image with predefined image pattern which is stored and takes decision.
- 17. Ecological Gateway A geographical location along or between the forest where migration of animals occurs.
- 18. What we planned ? • Image pattern of track is predefined in Image processor and monitored regularly. • If any major change in image pattern is sensed it will alert personnel in control room.
- 19. START FLOW CHART : CAMERA MONITORS THE TRACK NO IF CHANGE OCCURS YES NO ACTION (IDLE STATE) ALERTS THE DETECTION TO CONTROL ROOM DECISION WAS TAKEN STOP
- 20. Pros of the Idea • No need to monitor the track for 24*7 • Animal collision is greatly reduced • Needs to be installed only in specified area
- 21. Conclusion When these ideas are implemented in the future, surely the rate of rail-accidents due to collision can be drastically reduced. 40 30 20 10 0 Year 1890's 1900's 1950's 1970's 1980's 1990's 2000's 2011-13 2020's