Basic command for linux
- 1. Basic Command For Linux / Backtrack Ubuntu ျကက္ျကက္ Backtrack ျကက္ျကက္ Linux Base System ကá€á€¯á€€á€¯á€¶á€¸á€€á€²á€·á€€á€°á€€á€á€¯á€€á€¹á€¸á€€á€á €€á€€á€¹á€·á€€á€²á€· အေျကကံ Command ကá€á€¯á€€á€¹á€¸á€±á€€á€¸á€±á€€á€¼á€€á€« အကြက္က်က္ကားကကာေကာ့ဠ€á€€á€á€¯á€€á€«á€€á€°á€¸ ကုံးကက္ကဲ့ကျကက္းျကကဠ¹á€¸ အကြက္ကကြားကါကá€á€€á€·á€¹á€€á€€á €¹â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦.:P á€€á€¯á€¶á€¸á€€á€¬á€¸á€€á€²á€·á€€á€€á€¬á€¸á€€á€¯á€¶á€¸á€±á€€á €¼á€€ ကá€á€€á€¹á€¡á€€á€€á€¹á€»á€€á€®á€¸á€€á€€á€¯á€€á€¹á€€á€á€ ¯á€·á€€á€¬á€€á€¬á€€á€»á€€á€€á€¹á€±á€€á€¬á€·á€€á€«á€€á€°á€¸ ကက္ကက္ကက္ကက္ကါကက္ ကဲကကá€á€¯á€€á€¹á€€á€±á€¡á€¬á€€á€¹â€¦â€¦â€¦:P File Command ls   directory listing ls -al   formatted listing with hidden files cd dir   Change directory to dir cd   Change to home pwd   show current directory
- 2. mkdir dir   create a directory dir rm file   delete file rm -r dir -delete directory dir rm -f file   force remove file rm -rf dir   force remove directory dir* cp file1 file2   copy file1 to file2 cp -r dir1 dir2   copy dir1 to dir2 ; create dir2 if it doesn t exit mv file1 file2   rename or move file1 to file2 ;if file2 is an existing directory , move file1 into directory file2 ln -s file link   create symbolic link link to file touch file   create or update file cat > file   places standard input into file more file   output the contents of file head file   output the first 10 lines of file tail file   out put the last 10 lines of file tail -f file   output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines Installation Install form source ./ configure make
- 3. make install dpkg -i pkg.deb   install a package (debian) rpm -Uvh pkg.rpm   install a package (RPM) Network Ping host   ping host and output results whois domain   get whois information for domain dig domain   get DNS information for domain dig -x host   reverse lookup host wget file   download file wget -c file   continue a stopped download Shortcuts Ctrl+C   halts the current command Ctrl+Z   stops the current command resume with fg in the foreground or bg in the background Ctrl+D   log out of current session, similar to exit Ctrl+W   erases one word in the current line Ctrl+U   erases the whole line Ctrl+R   type to bring up a recent command ……..repeats the last command exit   log out of current session Compression
- 4. tar cf file.tar files   created a tar named file.tar containing files tar xf file.tar -extract the files from file.tar tar czf file.tar.gz files   create a tar with Gzip compression tar xzf file.tar.gz   extract a tar using Gzip tar cjf file.tar.bz2   create a tar wiht Bzip2 compression tar xjf file.tar.bz2- extract a tar using Bzip2 gzip file   compresses file and rename it to file.gz gzip -d file.gz   decompress file.gz back to file Searching grep pattern file   search for a pattern in file grep -r pattern dir   search recursively for pattern in dir command | grep pattern   search for pattern in the output command locate file   find all instances of file SSH ssh user@host   connect to host as user ssh -p port user@host   connect to host on port on port as user ssh -copy -id user@host- add your key to host for user to enable a keyed or passwordless login File Permissions chmod octal file   change the premission of file to octal , which can be found separately for user,gruop and world by adding :
- 5. 4   read (r) 2   write (w) 1   execute (x) Examples; chmod 777   read, write ,execute for all chmod 755   rwx for owner , rx for group and world For more option see man chmod . Process Management ps   display your currently active processes top   display all running processes kill pid   kill process id pid killall proc   kill all processes and named proc* bg   lists stopped for background jobs: resume a stopped job in the background fg -brings the most recent job to foreground fg n   brings job n to the foreground System Info date   show the current date and time cal - show this month calendar uptime   show current uptime w   display who is online whoami   who you are logged in as
- 6. finger user   display information about the user uname -a   show kernel information cat / proc/ cpuinfo   cpu information cat / proc/ meminfo   memory information man command   show the manual for command df   show disk usage du   show directory space usage free   show memory and swap usage whois app   show possible location of app which app   show which app will be run by defult အေျကကံကá€á€¯á€·á€±á€»á€€á€¬á€±á€€á€€á€€á€¹á€· ေကာ္ေကာ့္ကá€á€¯á€€á€¯á€¶á€€á€«á€€á€€á€¹ ကီကာေကြကá€á€¯á€¡á€€á€¯á€€á€¹á€€á€€á€½á€€á €¹á€€á€á€€á€€á€¹á€±á€€á€¬á€€á€¹á€€á€½á€€á€²á€€á€²á€±á€€á€¸ ေကာ့ကá€á€€á€¬á€¸á€€á€€á€¹á€·á€€á€€á€¹á€€á€á€¯á€·á €€á€€á€¹á€€á€«á€€á€€á€¹â€¦â€¦â€¦.. ကက္ကက္ျကá€á€¯á€¸á€€á€¬á€¸á€€á€«á€¡á€¯á€¶á€¸á €€á€€á€¹â€¦