Basics information regarding animal behaviour

VIKASH DEGREE COLLEGE
BARGARH
TOPIC:-ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
GUIDED BY:-
Miss. Pratishruti
Gouda
SUBMITTED BY:-
Swetanjali
Naik
BSC2ndyear
Rollno:-S17320ZOO013
Miss. Satabdy
Ray

CONTENTS:-
Introduction
Types of animal
behavior
 Innate behavior
 learned behavior
 Abnormal behavior
Behavioral interaction
Importance of animal
behavior
Conclusion

INTRODUCTION:-
 Behavior is the way an organism interacts
with another organisms and its
environment..
 A behavior is the series of actions
performed by an animal in response to
stimulus(external/Internal).
 The study of animal behavior is called
ETHOLOGY.
 Father of Ethology:-KONRED LORENZ

INNATE(INSTINCTIVE)BEHAV
IOR:-
TYPES OF BEHAVIOR:-
 A behavior that an organism
is born.
 Inherited/Automatic.
 They don’t have to be
learned/practiced.
 It occur the first time when an
animal responds to a
particular stimulus.
 Short life span.
 Animal responds instantly.

REFLEX:-
 Simplest innate behavior.
 It is an automatic response
that does not involve a
message from the brain.
 e.g. Chewing, Swallowing,Blinking
INSTINCTS:-
 Complex innate behavior.
 It begins when the animal
recognizes a stimulus and
continues until all parts of the
have been performed.
 Ex-Spiders spin webs
 It can takes weeks to
complete.
 Mostly shown in insects,
spiders and arthropods.

LEARNED BEHAVIOR:-
 It develops during an animal lifetime.
 This behavior is result of learning.
 It develops as a result of experience and
practice.
 Fish,reptiles,amphibians,birds and mammals
all learn.
 In changing environment animals have the
ability to learn a new behavior,helps them to
survive.
 Animals with long life span.
 Ex-Baby ducks and Quail chicks

I
 Partly Innate
behavior,simple learned
behavior.
 It means making a mark on
something or someone.
 Bonding shortly after birth.
 Keeping young animal close
to mother. Ex:-gosling follows the first moving
object it sees after hatching
 Modified by experience.
 ex:-baby chicks getting their food
 In this behavior animal tries
again and again to achieve
the goal, keeps eliminating
errors and one day learn to
perform it without any error.
TRIAL AND ERROR:-
IMPRINTING:-
 Ex-Pigeon experiment

CONDITIONING:-
 In conditioning, behavior is modified
so that a response to one stimulus
becomes associated with a different
stimulus.
 Two types of conditioning-1.One
type introduces a new stimulus
before the usual stimulus.
 2.The new stimulus is given
after the affected behavior.

INSIGHT:-
 It is the use of
past experiences
and rezoning to
solve problems.
 Animals thinks a
solution to a
problem based
on previous
experience. The
solution often
comes in a flash
of insight..
 Ex-Chimpanzee
experiment

ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR:-
 When an animals stressed, bored or
sick, they may perform abnormal
behavior such as biting .
 It includes-highly repetitive,
invariant, functionless behavior, head
bobbing, over grooming, self biting or
excessive licking.

BEHAVIORAL INTERACTION:-
 It occur between two or more animals
usually of the same species or different.
Social behavior:-
 Interaction among
animals of the same
species.
 These inherited
behavior helps in the
survival of the
species.

 The efforts given by
parents to their
offspring to
increase growth
rates,quality,surviv
al and protect from
predators.
1.Parental care

2.Mating behavior
Mating is the pairing of either opposite sex or
hermaphroditic animals for the purpose of
sexual reproduction.
 Signaling of intent to
mate
 The attraction of mates
 Courtship
 Copulation
 Post copulatory
behaviors

3.Allogrooming:-
 To clean and maintain the appearance of
an individual of the same species.
 Ex- a female rhesus monkey may
allogroom the males

4. Societies:-
 A society is a group of
animals of same species
living together and
working together in an
organized way.
 Ex-ants,bees,termites,wolves etc.

TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR:-
 A territory is an area that an
animal defends from other
members of the same
species.
 It set up for feeding, mating
and raising young.
 Ex-the tiger patrol an area
and attack other animals
of same species who enter
their territory.

1.AGRESSION:-
 It is a forceful behavior used to
dominate or control other
animal.
 Fighting and Threatening
 Ex:-male deer,
elephant,ants,Nile
crocodiles,tiger.

2.SUBMISSION:-
It is used to avoid conflicts to
avoid being injured or to show
that other animal is dominant.

COMMUNICATION:-
 Animals in group communicate with
sounds, scents, actions, alarm calls,
chemicals, speech, courtship etc.
 Ex-honeybees, elephant, ants

1.Courtship behavior
 The behavior that animals
perform before mating.
 It allow male and female
members of a species to
recognize each other.
Ex-a male bird of paradise,
peacocks, a male mandrill,cranes

Chemical Communication:-
 Animals use chemicals for
communication ,establish
territories ,warn of danger,
when they threatened.
 Pheromone which release by a
animal to influence the
behavior of other animal of
same species.
Ex-male squirrels, ants, male
dogs etc.

Sound Communication:-
 Animals use a certain
specific sound or a
number of different
forms of sound for
communication.
 Ex-dolphin, gorillas,
male crickets rub,
rabbits , birds etc.

Light
communication:-
 Uses of bioluminescence-
 Flies, marine organism, beetles
 Communication through light.
 Ex-fireflies
 Use to scare predator, use as
warning signal.
 Ex-krill,jellyfish,black dragon
fish, deep sea star

CYCLIC BEHAVIOR:-
 Innate behavior
 Repeating pattern
 Based on 24 hours cycle called a
circadian rhythm.
 Active during day- diurnal
 Active during night-nocturnal(owl)
1.HIBERNATION:-
 It is a cyclic
response to
cold
temperature
and limited
food supplies.
 Ex-queen bumble
bees,snakes,
turtles,frog,worm

MIGRATION:-  Instinctive seasonal movement .
 Most animals migrate to find food
or to reproduce in environments
that are more favorable for the
survival of the offspring.
 Ex-birds, monarch butterflies, blackpoll warbler
flies, gray whales, salmon etc.

IMPORTANCE OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOR:-
 Animal behaviors is the bridge between the molecular biology and
physiological aspects of biology.
 Behavior is the link between organism, environment and ecosystem.
 It is the one of the important properties of animals life.

CONCLUSION:-
 Behavior provides a window into the animals world that know
with careful observation and study which tell us a great deal
about what animals do when they are frightened , ill or in
pain, as well as what they prefer and dislike.
 Human share earth with other animals, many of whom are in
danger and extinct.
 Learning more about animal behavior can help people
conserve nature and better coexist with animals .
 Animal behavior is the most important properties in our
ecosystem balancing.

Basics information regarding animal behaviour

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