Big bang theory explained
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The document discusses the Big Bang theory, which proposes that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely hot and dense initial state. It then rapidly expanded. As it cooled, simple atomic elements like hydrogen and helium formed. Over billions of years, giant clouds of these elements coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies. The theory is supported by observations of galaxy expansion, cosmic microwave background radiation, and abundances of light elements in the universe. The Big Bang was not an explosion in space, but rather an ongoing expansion of space itself that continues today.
![Figure: The big bang. The universe began 13.77 billion years ago with a sudden expansion of space, matter, and energy, and it
continues to expand today. [Source: KP, modified after NASA/ WMAP Science Team, http://bit.ly/BBdiagram]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bigbangtheory-210619190942/85/Big-bang-theory-explained-5-320.jpg)
Big bang theory explained
- 1. BIG BANG THEORY Nipin K P kp.nipin@gmail.com
- 2. Origin of Big bang Theory • A Belgian priest named Georges Lemaître first suggested the big bang theory in the 1920s when he theorized that the universe began from a single primordial atom. The idea subsequently received major boosts by Edwin Hubble's observations that galaxies are speeding away from us in all directions, and from the discovery of cosmic microwave radiation by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson.
- 3. Big bang Theory • It is the prevailing cosmological model that described the early development of the universe. • This theory is consistent with observation of the past and the present state of the universe and is widely accepted within the scientific community. • According to this theory, universe had started from a single point and the big bang occurred approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of universe. • At this time the Universe in an extremely hot and dense state and began expanding rapidly.
- 4. • After the initial expansion, the universe Cooled sufficiently to allow energy to be converted in to various subatomic particles, including protons, neutrons and electrons. • Though simple atomic nuclei could have formed quickly, thousands of years were needed before the appearance of the first electrically neutral atoms. • The first element produced was hydrogen along with traces of helium and lithium. • Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies. And the heavier elements were synthesized either within the stars or within the supernovas. • The universe has no borders it still continues to expand and expand from all around it is just nothing.
- 5. Figure: The big bang. The universe began 13.77 billion years ago with a sudden expansion of space, matter, and energy, and it continues to expand today. [Source: KP, modified after NASA/ WMAP Science Team, http://bit.ly/BBdiagram]
- 6. The Big Bang Theory- Proof • Galaxies appear to be moving away from us at speeds proportional to their distance. This is called "Hubble's Law," named after Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) who discovered this phenomenon in 1929. This observation supports the expansion of the universe and suggests that the universe was once compacted. • If the universe was initially very hot, as the Big Bang suggests, we should be able to find some remnant of this heat. The universe is filled with such radiation that is left-over from the Big Bang called Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, which was discovered by radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson in 1965.
- 7. • Finally, the abundance of the “light elements” Hydrogen and Helium found in the observable universe are thought to support the Big Bang model of origins.
- 8. Common Misconceptions • People often tend to think of a giant explosion, when really the Big Bang was and continues to be an expansion. Instead of thinking of it as a balloon popping; imagine it as a balloon expanding and filling with air continuing on and on to the size of our universe.