BIO INSTRUMENTATION basics - Sampurna Lahiri, Sem-2
- 1. N A M E - S A M PU R N A L A HI R I C O L L E GE - B I J O Y K R I S HN A GI R L S â C O L L E G E S E M E S T E R - II U N I VE R S IT Y- U N I VE R S I T Y O F C A L C U T T A BIO INSTRUMENTATION IN MICROBIOLOGY LAB
- 2. I T R E FE R S TO T H E U S E O F S P EC I A L I Z E D I NS T R U ME NT S A ND T E C H NI Q U E S TO S T U DY MI C R O O R GA NI SMS , I NC LU D I NG T H E I R GR OW T H , B EH AVI O R , A ND I N T E R AC T I O N S W I T H I N T H E B I O LO GI C A L E NV I R O NME NT . WHAT IS BIO INSTRUMENTATION ?
- 3. ïU V T R A N S I L LU M I N AT O R ïV O R T E X ïC E N T R I F U G E ïB I O L O G I C A L S A F E T Y C A B I N E T ïI N C U B AT O R ïP C R ( P O LY M E R A S E C H A I N R E A C T I O N ) M A C H I N E ïR E F R I G E R AT O R ïC O L O N Y C O U N T E R ïA U T O C L A V E ïH O T A I R O V E N ïD O U B L E D I S T I L L AT I O N U N I T ïP H M E T E R ïW AT E R B AT H ïM I C R O S C O P E S What are some instruments which are present in our lab ?
- 4. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO EVERY INSTRUMENTS
- 5. UV Transilluminator & Vortex The main purpore of UV transilluminator is to visualize proteins and DNA after the process of agarose gel electrophoresis. The main purpose of a vortex mixture is to mix liquids or substances in a test tube quickly and evenly.
- 6. Centrifuge & Biological Safety Cabinet The main purpose of a centrifuge is to separate substances of different densities by spinning them at high speeds The primary use of a Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC) is to provide a controlled and sterile workspace that ensures the protection of personnel, the environment, and the biological materials being handled from contamination by infectious agents or hazardous particles.
- 7. Incubator & PCR machine The main purpose of incubator is to provide an optimum temperature for the growth and maintenance of microbiological cultures or cell cultures. The main purpose of PCR Machine is to amplify a specific target sequence from genomic DNA.
- 8. Refrigerator & Colony counter The main use of refrigerator is to store microbial cultures ( to maintain their viability), reagents, media and samples. The use of a colony counter in microbiological labs is to accurately count the number of bacterial or fungal colonies growing on an agar plate.
- 9. Autoclave & Hot air oven Autoclave performs a kind of moist heat sterilization as it is used to sterilize equipment and medias by using high-pressure saturated steam. Hot air oven performs a kind of dry heat sterilization. Its main purpose is to sterilize equipment and materials using dry heat.
- 10. Double Distillation unit & pH meter The main purpose of a double distillation unit in microbiological labs is to produce highly purified distilled water by removing impurities, ions, and contaminants through two successive distillation processes. The use of a pH meter in microbiological labs is to accurately measure the acidity or alkalinity (pH) of solutions, which is essential for preparing and maintaining optimal conditions for microbial growth.
- 11. Water bath & Microscopes In microbiological laboratories, a water bath is used to incubate samples at precise temperatures, maintain media in a liquid state, support enzymatic reactions, and facilitate heat-sensitive procedures like bacterial transformation. The main purpose of microscopes in microbiological laboratories is to magnify and visualize microorganisms and cellular structures that are too small to be seen with the naked eye
- 12. IN THIS PRESENTATION WE WILL BE DISCUSSING 3 OF THE MOST IMPORTANT BIO-INSTRUMENTS IN OUR LABORATORY â ï± BIO SAFETY CABINETS ï± INCUBATOR ï± WATER BATH
- 13. It provides a safe and sterile workplace to perform our experiments and ensure protection of- âą Personnel âą Product âą Environmental A biosafety cabinet protects personnel, product, and environment by using controlled airflow and HEPA filters to remove contaminants, ensuring sterile conditions and preventing exposure to biohazards. BIO SAFETY CABINETS WORKING PRINCIPLE PURPOSE
- 15. WORKING PROCESS OF A BIOSAFETY CABINET Contaminated air is pulled from the front grill The contaminated air is then taken up to the plenum 30% of this air passes through a HEPA filter into the environment 70% of the air passes through another HEPA filter and enters the working space
- 16. âą UV radiation should be turned on for 15 â 20 mins before starting to work. (to kills off all the microorganism) âą Put off the shoes before entering to operate the apparatus. âą Wash your hand with 75% ethanol. âą Wipe the working space with 75% ethanol before starting to work on it and wipe it again after you are done. âą One should not talk inside the chamber while performing microbial culture transfer, failing to do so will increase the chances of contamination. PRECAUTION
- 17. This instrument is generally designed to allow microbial growth on a suitable medium under proper temperature. An incubator maintains a constant temperature and humidity using heating elements and sensors. It creates optimal environmental conditions for microbial or cell growth by regulating air circulation INCUBATOR WORKING PRINCIPLE PURPOSE
- 18. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF AN INCUBATOR
- 19. âą The door of the incubator should be opened only when necessary. âą If tubes are to be incubated for a long time or at higher temperature, the medium may become too dry due to excessive evaporation âą In such cases cotton plug should be pushed inside the neck of the tube âą To avoid condensation on the media, the plates should be positioned upside-down with the lid at the bottom. âą Interior should be cleaned often. PRECAUTIONS
- 20. The main purpose of a water bath is to incubate or heat samples at a precise and consistent temperature without exposing them to direct heat. A water bath is a piece of scientific equipment used to maintain a steady temperature for a prolonged time through a thermostat or a digital controller . WATER BATH WORKING PRINCIPLE PURPOSE
- 21. PARTS AND COMPNENTS OF A WATER BATH
- 22. âą Check for electrical safety issues such as damaged plugs, leads, switches. Or controls before use. âą Ensure hands are dry before plugging in or operating the water bath. âą Maintain proper water level, especially when operating near 95-degree C. PRECAUTIONS