Bio—chip ] sensor
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This document discusses bio-chip sensors. A bio-chip is a small-scale device analogous to an integrated circuit that analyzes organic molecules from living organisms. It consists of a transponder with a microchip storing a unique ID number, an antenna coil, tuning capacitor, and glass capsule. A scanner generates an electromagnetic field to activate the implanted bio-chip, which then sends its ID code back to the scanner via radio signals. Potential applications include tracking people and animals globally and storing medical, financial and personal data on a single chip. While bio-chips could identify individuals and perform many reactions quickly, they also raise privacy concerns and could be implanted without consent.
![[BIO—CHIP ] SENSOR
By:
Zeeshan Ahmed](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/biochipsensor-160414183218/85/Bio-chip-sensor-1-320.jpg)
![Zeeshan Ahmed Lodro
Instrumentation and Measurement
B.E-IV
CmS ID: [033-14-0062]
Department of Electrical Engineering
Sukkur IBA](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/biochipsensor-160414183218/85/Bio-chip-sensor-23-320.jpg)
Bio—chip ] sensor
- 1. [BIO—CHIP ] SENSOR By: Zeeshan Ahmed
- 2. AGENDA Bio Sensors Bio—Chip Architecture Working Applications Advantages Disadvantages
- 3. WHAT ARE BIO SENSORS ? The IUPAC (1997) defines biosensors as: “A device that uses specific biochemical reactions mediated by isolated enzymes, immune systems, tissues, or whole cells to detect chemical compounds usually by electrical, thermal or optical signals”.
- 4. BIO--CHIP Bio + Chip = Biochip Bio: stands for any biological entity eg: protein,DNA. Chip: a computer chip. Biochip: Small-scale device, analogous to an integrated circuit, it is used to analyze organic molecules associated with living organisms
- 5. IMAGES
- 6. IMAGES
- 7. BIOCHIP ARCHITECTURE Size It has small size just like a grain of rice .
- 8. BIOCHIP ARCHITECTURE Parts Transponder Scanner / Reader
- 9. TRANSPONDER Transponder consists of four parts:- Computer microchip Antenna coil Tuning capacitor Glass capsule
- 10. Transponder
- 11. COMPUTER MICROCHIP The microchip stores a unique identification number from 10 to 15 digits long. The storage capacity of the current microchips is limited, capable of storing only a single ID number. AVID (American Veterinary Identification Devices), claims their chips, using a nnn-nnn-nnn format, has the capability of over 70 trillion unique numbers. The unique ID number is etched or encoded via a laser onto the surface of the microchip before assembly. Once the number is 14 encoded it is impossible to alter. The microchip also contains the electronic circuitry .
- 12. ANTENNA COIL This is normally a simple, coil of copper wire around a ferrite or iron core. This tiny, primitive, radio antenna receives and sends signals from the reader or scanner.
- 13. TUNING CAPACITOR The capacitor stores the small electrical charge (less than 1/1000 of a watt) sent by the reader or scanner, which triggers the transponder. This activation allows the transponder to send back the ID number encoded in the computer chip. As radio waves are utilized to communicate between the transponder and reader, the capacitor is tuned to the same frequency as the reader.
- 14. GLASS CAPSULE The glass capsule holds the microchip, antenna coil and capacitor. It is a small capsule, the smallest measuring 11 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter. The capsule is made of biocompatible material such as soda lime glass. After assembly, the capsule is (air-tight) sealed, so no bodily fluids can touch the electronics inside.
- 15. SCANNER It carries a receiving coil that receives the transmitted code or ID number sent back from the "activated" implanted biochip. This all takes place very fast, in milliseconds. The reader also contains the software and components to decode the received code and display the result in an LCD display.
- 16. SCANNER
- 17. WORKING OF BIO-CHIP The reader generates a low-power electromagnetic field via radio signals Implanted biochip gets activated Biochip sends ID code back to the reader via radio signals. Reader amplifies the received code, converts it to digital format and displays it on LCD
- 18. Human Interface to Biochip The biochip is inserted into the subject with a hypodermic syringe. Injection is safe and simple, comparable to common vaccines. Anesthesia is not required nor recommended
- 19. APPLICATIONS With a biochip tracing of a person/animal anywhere in the world is possible A biochip can store and update financial, medical, demographic data, basically everything about a person Biochips really are potent in replacing passports, cash and medical records. They can perform thousands of biological reactions and operations in few seconds
- 20. ADVANTAGES To rescue the sick. To identify person uniquely. They can perform thousands of biological reactions, operations in few seconds.
- 21. DISADVANTAGES They raise critical issues of personal privacy. They mark the end of human freedom and dignity. They may not be supported by large % of people. There is a danger of turning every man, women and child into a controlled slave. They can be implanted into ones body without their knowledge
- 22. REFERENCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochip http://www.electronicsforu.com http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s002160051549#page-1 Google images.
- 23. Zeeshan Ahmed Lodro Instrumentation and Measurement B.E-IV CmS ID: [033-14-0062] Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA