![Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
3
Modulation – PCM) signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the analog signal at regular
intervals. http://www.techopedia.com/definition/24128/pulse-code-
modulation-pcm
AUDIO RECORDING
SYSTEMS
Analogue Refers to recording audio in a format of continuous vibrations that are
analogous to the original sound
waves.http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/analog+sound
Digital Mini Disc a digital disc medium for storing music or data where a small disc is housed
in a cartridge and is either recordable or
playbackhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/minidisc
a mini disc is used to hold data but is
more compacted than a cd because
it is smaller
Compact Disc (CD) A small optical disk on which data such as music, text, or graphic images is
digitally encoded.
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/compact+disc
Compact discs are commonly used to
store music and smallcomputer
programs
Digital Audio Tape (DAT) Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium
developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a
Compact Cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell,
but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name
suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog. DAT has the ability to
record at higher, equal or lower sampling rates than a CD (48, 44.1 or 32 kHz
sampling rate respectively) at 16 bits quantization.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape
MIDI Stands for "Musical Instrument Digital Interface." It is a connectivity standard
that musicians use to hook together musical instruments (such as keyboards
and synthesizers) and computer
equipment.http://www.techterms.com/definition/midi
I use MIDI frequently to manipulate
audio and change it to suit my needs
Software Sequencers Any system for recording and/or playback of music via a programmable
memory which stores music not as audio data, but as some representation of
notes.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sequencer
This is used to play back an audio file
an make time sequences more
accessible
Software Plug-ins In computing, a plug-in (or plugin, extension, or add-on / addon) is a
software component that adds a specific feature to an existing software
application. When an application supports plug-ins, it enables
customization.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)
These can be used to radically
change what an audio clip sounds
like
MIDI Keyboard Instruments A MIDI keyboard is typically a piano-style user interface keyboard device
used for sending MIDI signals or commands over a USB or MIDI cable to
other devices connected and operating on the same MIDI protocol
interface.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI_keyboard
MIDI keyboard is commonly used to
by musicians to manipulate or
harmonize a sound clip
AUDIO SAMPLING File Size Constraints - Bit-
depth
In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number
of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the
Bit depth is used to reduce the file
size of certain audio clips](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/blig2url-140603101522-phpapp02/85/Bl-ig2-url-3-320.jpg)
Bl ig2 url
- 1. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 1 Produce a glossary of terms specific to the methods and principles of sound design and production. Using a provided template, you must research and gather definitions specific to provided glossary terms. Any definitions must be referenced with the URL link of the website you have obtained the definition. You must also, where possible, provide specific details of how researched definitions relate to your own production practice. Name: RESEARCHED DEFINITION (provide short internet researched definition and URL link) DESCRIBE THE RELEVANCE OF THE RESEARCHED TERM TO YOUR OWN PRODUCTION PRACTICE? SOUND DESIGN METHODOLOGY Foley Artistry A sound effects technique for synchronous effects or live effects. http://www.filmsound.org/terminology/foley.htm For IG2 I have collected sounds that I have recorded myself and manipulated them to sound appropriate for a game Sound Libraries Sound library is a collection of digital sound recordings, known as samples, for use by composers, arrangers, performers, and producers of music. The sound files are loaded into a sampler - either hardware or computer-based - which is then used to create music http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_library I have used sound libraries for sample sounds I could not have created myself like licenced music SOUND FILE FORMATS Uncompressed An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. This data can be stored uncompressed, or compressed to reduce the file size. It can be a raw bitstream, but it is usually a container format or an audio data format with defined storage layer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_file_format .wav The format for storing sound in files developed jointly by Microsoft and IBM http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/W/WAV.html I use this frequently , as it is the default sound format. .aiff AIFF is short for Audio Interchange File Format, which is an audio format initially created by Apple Computer for storing and transmitting high-quality sampled audio data. It supports a variety of bit resolutions, sample rates, and channels of audio. http://www.abyssmedia.com/formats/aiff-format.shtml .au The Au file format is a simple audio file format introduced by Sun Microsystems. The format was common on NeXT systems and on early Web pages.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Au_file_format
- 2. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 2 smp Music file used by SmartMusic, a music practice application for band, orchestra, and voice; saves an accompaniment that can be used for practicing solos and other musical parts. http://www.fileinfo.com/extension/smp Lossy Compression Lossy data compression is the converse of lossless data compression. In these schemes, some loss of information is acceptable. Dropping nonessential detail from the data source can save storage space http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_data_compression#Audio .mp3 MP3, is an encoding format for digital audio which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is a common audio format for consumer audio streaming or storage, as well as a de facto standard of digital audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on most digital audio players. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3 Mp3 is a file format I use due to it being the preferred and most common format for music AUDIO LIMITATIONS Sound Processor Unit (SPU) A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_processing_unit A sound processor unit is hardware used daily as without it no sound could be listened to. Digital Sound Processor (DSP) Short for digital signal processing, which refers to manipulating analog information, such as sound or photographs that has been converted into a digital form. DSP also implies the use of a data compression technique. http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/DSP.html I use reaper which is a DSP to create all of my sound work for my college projects Random Access Memory (RAM) Random-access memory (RAM /ræm/) is a form of computer data storage. A random-access memory device allows data items to be read and written in roughly the same amount of time regardless of the order in which data items are accessed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory Random access memory is used in all computing systems as temporary storage and depending on how much a computer has determines the speed of the system Mono Audio Commonly called mono sound, mono, or non-stereo sound, this early sound system used a single channel of audio for sound output. http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/monophonic_sound.html I have recorded sounds in both mono and stereo to find the sound differences in the two audio limitations Stereo Audio stereophonic sound divides sounds across two channels (recorded on two separate sources) then the recorded sounds are mixed so that some elements are channeled to the left and others to the right.http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/stereophonic_sound.html I have recorded sounds in both mono and stereo to find the sound differences in the two audio limitations Surround Sound Surround sound is a term used to describe a type of audio output in which the sound appears to "surround the listener" by 360 degrees. http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/surround_sound.html Direct Audio (Pulse Code Pulse code modulation (PCM) is a digital representation of an analog
- 3. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 3 Modulation – PCM) signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the analog signal at regular intervals. http://www.techopedia.com/definition/24128/pulse-code- modulation-pcm AUDIO RECORDING SYSTEMS Analogue Refers to recording audio in a format of continuous vibrations that are analogous to the original sound waves.http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/analog+sound Digital Mini Disc a digital disc medium for storing music or data where a small disc is housed in a cartridge and is either recordable or playbackhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/minidisc a mini disc is used to hold data but is more compacted than a cd because it is smaller Compact Disc (CD) A small optical disk on which data such as music, text, or graphic images is digitally encoded. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/compact+disc Compact discs are commonly used to store music and smallcomputer programs Digital Audio Tape (DAT) Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a Compact Cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog. DAT has the ability to record at higher, equal or lower sampling rates than a CD (48, 44.1 or 32 kHz sampling rate respectively) at 16 bits quantization. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape MIDI Stands for "Musical Instrument Digital Interface." It is a connectivity standard that musicians use to hook together musical instruments (such as keyboards and synthesizers) and computer equipment.http://www.techterms.com/definition/midi I use MIDI frequently to manipulate audio and change it to suit my needs Software Sequencers Any system for recording and/or playback of music via a programmable memory which stores music not as audio data, but as some representation of notes. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sequencer This is used to play back an audio file an make time sequences more accessible Software Plug-ins In computing, a plug-in (or plugin, extension, or add-on / addon) is a software component that adds a specific feature to an existing software application. When an application supports plug-ins, it enables customization.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug-in_(computing) These can be used to radically change what an audio clip sounds like MIDI Keyboard Instruments A MIDI keyboard is typically a piano-style user interface keyboard device used for sending MIDI signals or commands over a USB or MIDI cable to other devices connected and operating on the same MIDI protocol interface.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI_keyboard MIDI keyboard is commonly used to by musicians to manipulate or harmonize a sound clip AUDIO SAMPLING File Size Constraints - Bit- depth In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the Bit depth is used to reduce the file size of certain audio clips
- 4. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 4 resolution of each sample. Examples of bit depth include Compact Disc Digital Audio, which uses 16 bits per sample, and DVD-Audio and Blu-ray Disc which can support up to 24 bits per sample.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_bit_depth File Size Constraints - Sample Rate bitrate: simply amount of data per second, this can vary within a file (variable bit rate) or have a static valuehttp://superuser.com/questions/388382/what- does-the-sample-rate-and-sample-size-of-audio-means Sample rate provides a sample of the data used per second