Boolean Operators
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This document provides an introduction to basic Boolean operators that can be used to refine keyword searches. It explains that AND, OR, and NOT are used to combine keywords and includes examples of how each operator works. Searches using AND require all keywords to be present, OR searches include results with any of the keywords, and NOT excludes results containing the excluded keyword. Hands-on examples are also provided to illustrate proper usage of the Boolean operators.
Boolean Operators
- 2. BOOLEAN Operators Special terms used to combine keywords AND, OR, NOT
- 3. BASIC SEARCH keyword keyword 1 2
- 4. AND keyword 1 AND keyword 2 Gives a result that contains all the keywords
- 5. AND frogs AND toads Gives a result that contains both frogs and toads
- 6. Hands-On • Protecting the rainforest to provide homes to the animals rainforest AND animals • Pollution and how it affects fishes fish AND pollution
- 7. OR broadens a search keyword 1 OR keyword 2 adolescent teenager Results will contain any or all keywords.
- 8. OR frogs OR toads Results will contain frogs or roads or both
- 9. NOT -minus sign keyword 1 –keyword 2
- 10. NOT -minus sign frogs -toads Results will contain frogs but not toads
- 11. Hands-On • What are the other ancient civilizations aside from Ancient Greece? Ancient civilization - Ancient Greece
- 12. EXACT SEARCH “keyword” Result will contain exact words, in exact order “Ancient China” “whale sharks” “Amazon rainforest”
- 13. Quick Tips for Keyword Searching • Choose keywords to represent the most important concepts in your topic. • Use “AND" to combine different keywords and narrow your search. • Use “OR“ to find alternate keywords and broaden your search. • Use “-” to limit a broad topic
- 14. www.boolify.org
- 15. AND OR NOT What is video piracy? video AND piracy
- 16. AND OR NOT Find out about hurricanes. Hurricanes OR storms OR typhoons
- 17. AND OR NOT What are the causes of pollution in Thailand? pollution AND Thailand
- 18. AND OR NOT What spiders do not live in the forest? spiders NOT forest
- 19. AND OR NOT Name other scientists other than Albert Einstein. Scientist –”Albert Einstein”
Editor's Notes
- #7: The and operator tells the computer that both terms must be present in the record. The terms may or may not be in a phrase. The more terms that are linked with an and operator, the smaller the results will be.
- #12: The and operator tells the computer that both terms must be present in the record. The terms may or may not be in a phrase. The more terms that are linked with an and operator, the smaller the results will be.