Cell structure and function biology
- 1. Muskaan company presents ing anil shokeen – writter ing archana shokeen-co-operator ing ansh shokeen –fighting with me ing muskaan shokeen –main director and everything
- 2. What is a cell?
- 4. Functions of unicellular organism
- 5. Examples of unicellular organisms
- 7. Functions of multicellular cell
- 9. Nerve cell
- 10. Muscle cell
- 11. Skin cells
- 12. Microscope
- 13. Organelles
- 14. Parts of cells are :
- 15. Cell membrane
- 16. Cell membrane or plasma membrane
- 17. Cytoplasm
- 18. Cytoplasm
- 19. Nucleus
- 20. Nucleus
- 21. Golgi body Golgi apparatus – it is made of tubules (long tube like structures), vesicles (small vessels), and vacuoles and is responsible for the secretion of chemical substances such as enzymes, hormones and proteins.
- 22. Vacuoles It is a fluid filled space enclosed in a membrane. Vacuoles store excess water, useful minerals, pigments and many other substances .
- 23. Lysosome Lysosome contains chemical substances called enzymes that are capable of digesting cells and variety of intra and extra cellular materials (intra; internal) and (extra; external). In times of emergency, lysosomes burst and destroy the cell. Hence, they are also called suicide bag of the cells.
- 24. Endoplasmic reticulum It is a network of tubules and channels and is involved in the synthesis, storage, and transport of the cell products.
- 25. Ribosomes These are small granular structures scattered in the cytoplasm that act as sites of protein synthesis.
- 26. Centrosomes This structure is present only in animal cells. The main function of centrosomes is to initiate and regulate the cell division.
- 27. Plastid These are present only in plant cells. Plastid contains certain pigments that have a specific role to play in the functioning of the plant. Depending on the pigment, color, plastids are of three types: Chloroplast – this contains the green pigment chlorophyll which helps plants in making food. Chromoplasts – this contains non green pigment that gives color to flowers and fruits. Leucoplasts – these are colorless and store food in the form of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
- 28. Plastids are of three kind 1.Chloroplasts 2.Chromoplasts 3.leucoplasts
- 29. Mitochondria These are tiny spherical or rod shaped bodies. They act as sites of energy production and are , therefore, called the power house of the cell.
- 30. Plant cell
- 31. Animal cell
- 32. Differences between plant and animal cell. Plant cell 1.Cell wall is present. 2.Cytoplasm is not as dense as in an animal cell. 3.A large vacuole is present . 4.Plastids are usually present. 5.Centrosome is absent.
- 33. Differences between plant and animal cell. Animal cell 1.Cell wall is absent. 2.Cytoplasm is dense. 3.Vacuoles are generally absent . If present, they are small in size. 4.Palstids are absent. 5.Centrosome is present.
- 34. Prokaryotes Cells that lack a well defined nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane are called prokaryotic cells. Organisms that have such cells are called prokaryotes. Examples of prokaryotes are bacteria, blue green algae, viruses.
- 35. Eukaryotes Cells that have a well defined nucleus are called eukaryotic cells. Organisms that have such cells are called eukaryotes. All organisms apart from bacteria, blue green algae, and viruses are eukaryotes.
- 36. Cell division and growth The food that we eat leads to an increase in the size of cells. After reaching a certain size, a cell divides into two by a process called cell division. Increase in the numbers of cell division is responsible for the growth in organisms. Cell division also replaces the dead or damaged cells with the new ones and is responsible for healing wounds.
- 37. Thank you so much.