Cellular respiration part 1
- 2. Description/definition of cellular respiration When an organism breaks down glucose and transfers glucose or chemical energy into ATP or cellular energy/usable energy. Both plants AND animals use cellular respiration to transfer energy.
- 3. Cellular Aerobic Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
- 4. Mitochondrial Structure Intermembrane Space Outer Membrane Matrix Inner Membrane Cristae
- 6. Mitochondria • Double membrane & Cristae – Increases surface area for cellular respiration to occur – Location of the Electron Transport Chain • Matrix – Location of the Krebs cycle
- 7. Recall Electron Carrier Molecules • NADH • FADH2
- 8. Process of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis Without O2 With O2 Krebs Cycle Alcoholic Lactic Acid Fermentation Fermentation Electron Transport Chain
- 9. The First Process of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis • Occurs in the Cytoplasm • Does not require oxygen • Breakdown of glucose or glycogen • “Splitting of sugar”
- 11. Glycolysis • Series of 10 reactions • Glucose is split into two smaller molecules called PYRUVATE or pyruvic acid • 2 ATP are used but 4 ATP are produced • Net gain of ATP? 2 ATP molecules • Glycolysis Process C6H12O6 + 2ATP + 2NAD+ 2 Pyruvate + 4ATP + 2NADH + H+
- 12. Glycolysis Animation Click on the link above to view the animation
- 13. Process of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis Without O2
- 15. Anaerobic Fermentation • Occurs in the cytoplasm • Does not produce ANY ATP • Regenerates NAD+ for reuse in glycolysis • Two types – Alcoholic Fermentation – Lactic Acid Fermentation
- 16. Alcoholic Fermentation • Plants Cells • Used to produce alcoholic beverages and to make bread • Pyruvic acid (pyruvate) is converted into ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, NAD+. • Alcoholic Fermentation Equation Pyruvic acid + NADH ethyl alcohol + CO2 + NAD+
- 18. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Animal Cells • Used to produce yogurt and cheese • Cause soreness in muscle cells • Pyruvic acid (pyruvate) is converted into lactic acid, & NAD+ • Lactic Acid Fermentation Equation Pyruvic acid + NADH Lactic acid + NAD+
- 20. What’s the point of fermentation? Glycolysis – 2 ATP Fermentation – 0 ATP Total – 2 ATP • Regenerate the electron carrier, NAD+ • NAD+ can allow for cellular respiration to continue