Chapter 1 Complete Introduction CIS 112 Spring 2007.ppt
- 1. Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers
- 2. Recognize the importance of computer literacy Define the term computer and identify its components Explain why a computer is a powerful tool Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and the World Wide Web Distinguish between installing and running a program Identify the types of software Chapter 1 Learning Objectives
- 3. Describe the categories of computers Determine how the elements of an information system interact Chapter 1 Learning Objectives
- 4. Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses Computer Literacy
- 5. Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory Accepts data Raw facts, figures, and symbols Processes data into information Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful Produces and stores results Definition of a Computer
- 7. Hardware and Software Hardware Electronic and mechanical equipment Software Instructions that tell hardware how to perform tasks
- 8. Hardware used to enter data and instructions The Components of a Computer Input Devices
- 9. Hardware that conveys information to a user The Components of a Computer Output Devices
- 10. Box-like case containing electronic components used to process data The Components of a Computer System Unit The system unit contains the motherboard
- 11. The two main components on the motherboard are; The Components of a Computer The Motherboard Central Processing Unit (CPU) Also called a processor Carries out instructions that tell computer what to do Memory Temporary holding place for data and instructions
- 12. The Integrated Circuit The devices that make all modern electronics possible
- 13. The Integrated Circuit Device with microscopic pathways that carry electrical currents
- 14. Storage Storage holds data, instructions, and information for future use. Storage systems are made up of two parts; Storage media Storage device Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored Records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium
- 15. Types of Storage Hard Drive
- 17. Types of Storage USB flash drives
- 18. Types of Storage Flash memory cards
- 19. What makes a computer powerful? Accuracy Communications Storage Reliability and Consistency Speed
- 20. Networks A collection of computers and devices connected together Made up of two parts; Communications Device Enables a connection between computers One type is a modem
- 21. Networks A collection of computers and devices connected together Made up of two parts; Communications Media Cables Satellites Telephone lines Cellular radio
- 22. Networks The reasons to network computers To Share Resources Hardware devices Software programs Data Information To Save Time and Money
- 23. Simple to design and implement Localized security Convenient for smaller networks; does not scale well A Workgroup Network
- 24. More complex to design and implement Centralized security Required for large networks; scales very well A Domain Network
- 25. Networks Local area network (LAN) Network in limited geographical area such as home or office building Metropolitan area network (MAN) connects LANs in city or town
- 26. Networks Wide area network (WAN) Network that covers large geographic area using many types of media Internet is world’s largest WAN
- 27. The Internet The Internet is a Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of computers
- 28. The Internet Why do users access the Internet? Communications Information Sharing Ecommerce Entertainment
- 29. The Internet The World Wide Web (WWW) is a major component of the Internet The WWW is made up or billions of documents, called Web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet Web Page Contains text, graphics, sound, video, and links to other Web pages Web Site A collection of related Web pages
- 30. Software A software program is a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do User Interface Allows you to interact with the software Command line There are two types of interfaces; Graphical User Interface (GUI) Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icons
- 31. Software System Software Programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices Operating System (OS) There are two part to system software; A set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices and allows users to run application software
- 32. Software System Software Programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices Utility Programs There are two part to system softeare; Allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs
- 33. Software Application Software Programs that perform specific tasks for users Word Processing Spreadsheets Database Presentation Graphics
- 34. Software Programmer writes instructions to direct computer to process data into information
- 35. Computer Categories Personal Computer Mobile computers and mobile devices Midrange servers Mainframe computers Supercomputers
- 36. Types of Personal Computer The desktop computer
- 37. Types of Personal Computer The notebook computer
- 38. Types of Personal Computer The Tablet PC
- 39. Types of Mobile Devices Handheld and PDA
- 40. Types of Handheld Computer Smart Phones
- 41. Game Consoles
- 42. Servers
- 43. Mainframes
- 44. Supercomputers
- 46. Information Systems The elements of an information system are; People Procedures Data Software Hardware Information