Computer ch. no 1.
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The document defines and describes the key components of computers. It discusses that a computer is an electronic device that processes data according to stored instructions to produce information. The main components include the input and output devices, storage, processor, memory, and software. It also covers different types of computers like personal computers, mobile devices, servers, and embedded systems.
Computer ch. no 1.
- 2. How is a computer defined? What Is a Computer? Next Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory OR Electronic device that accepts data, process the data according to specific rules and produce result. Processes data into informationinformation Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful to people Accepts datadata Raw facts, figures, and symbols
- 3. What Is a Computer? What is the information processing cycle? Next Input Process Output Storage Communication
- 4. The Components of a Computer What is an input device? Hardware used to enter data and instructions e.g •Keyboard •Mouse •Microphone •Scanner •Digital cam •Web cam Next
- 5. The Components of a Computer What is an output device? Hardware that conveys information to one or more people e.g •Monitor •Speakers •Printer Next
- 6. The Components of a Computer What is storage? Holds data, instructions, and information for future use Storage mediaStorage media Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored e.g. USB, CDs,DVDs Storage mediaStorage media Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored e.g. USB, CDs,DVDs Storage deviceStorage device Records and retrieves items to and from storage media e.g. DVD drive(storage device) accept a DVD(storage media). Storage deviceStorage device Records and retrieves items to and from storage media e.g. DVD drive(storage device) accept a DVD(storage media). Next
- 7. The Components of a Computer What is the system unit? Next Case containing electronic components used to process Data And it is connected circuit board called Motherboard
- 8. The Components of a Computer What are two main components on the motherboard? ProcessorProcessor Also called a Central Processing Unit (CPU) The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer MemoryMemory Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions
- 9. The Components of a Computer Types of memory: Next Permanent memory Temporary memory Instructions: are some steps that tells a computer how to perform a particular task What is software? Consists of series of instructions that tells a computer what to do. next
- 10. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers What are the advantages of using computers? Speed Computers process billion of operations in a single second Next Reliability The electronic components are reliable as they rarely break and fail Speed Given the same input and process, computer will produce same result Storage Computers stores enormous amount of data and make it available Communication Computers can communicate wirelessly also and this capability helps to share information
- 11. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers What are the disadvantages of using computers? Next Violation of privacy: Now every information Is stored on computers e.g. medical, tax So personal information is not protected. Impact on Environment: Computer manufacturing process and computer waste are depleting natural resources and polluting the environment. Impact on Labor Force: Computer improved productivity But at the same time now Companies are now outsourcing Jobs to foreign countries instead Of keeping their own labor force Health Risks: Improper and prolonged computer use can lead to injuries or disorders Of hands,eyes,wrists and back.
- 12. Networks and the Internet What is a network? Next Collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly or via through cable. When computer is connected to a network it is online.
- 13. Networks and the Internet What is a server? Next A server manages the resources on a network Clients access the resources on the server
- 14. Computer Software What is a graphical user interface (GUI)? Next Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icons Controls how you enter data and how the screen displays information
- 15. Computer Software What is system software? Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS) is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS) is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs Next Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices
- 16. Computer Software What is a programmer? Next Someone who develops application or system software Programmer writes the instructions to direct the computer to process data into information JavaScript Web application
- 17. Categories of Computers Next What are the categories of computers? Personal Computers (desktop) Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Game Consoles Servers Mainframes Supercomputers Embedded Computers
- 18. Personal Computers What are the two most popular series of personal computers? Next PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system Apple Macintosh uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS)
- 19. Personal Computers What is a desktop computer? Next Designed so all of the components fit entirely on or under a desk or table
- 20. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What is a notebook computer? Next Portable, small enough to fit on your lap Also called a laptop computer Generally more expensive than a desktop computer
- 21. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What is a Tablet PC? Next Especially useful for taking notes Resembles a letter-sized slate Allows you to write on the screen using a digital pen
- 22. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What are mobile devices? Next Internet-enabled telephone is a “smart telephone” Internet-enabled telephone is a “smart telephone” Small enough to carry in a pocket Small enough to carry in a pocket
- 23. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What is a handheld computer? Next Used by mobile employees such as meter readers and delivery people Small enough to fit in one hand
- 24. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)? Next Provides personal organizer functions Calendar Appointment book Address book Calculator Notepad
- 25. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What are smart phones? Next A smart phone is an Internet-enabled telephone that usually provides PDA capabilities
- 26. Game Consoles What are game consoles? Next Mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games
- 27. Servers What types of servers are there? Mainframe Very powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of computers Supercomputer The fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations Next A server controls access to network resources and provides centralized storage
- 28. Embedded Computers What is an embedded computer? A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product Next