Chapter Intro to Computer
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This document introduces the concept of computers, outlining their five fundamental functions: input, storage, processing, output, and control. It categorizes computers into three types based on their principles of operation—analog, digital, and hybrid—and describes their characteristics and applications. Additionally, it discusses classification based on size and configuration, including supercomputers, mainframe computers, mini computers, and micro computers.
Chapter Intro to Computer
- 1. Lecture 1 : Into to Computer By : Narendra Singh Shekhawat 1
- 2. What is a computer Any digital computer carries out five functions in gross terms: 1. Take Inputs 2. Stores data 3. Process the data 4. Generates the output 5. Controls all of the above four steps 2
- 3. TYPES OF COMPUTERS • Computers can be classified based on their principles of operation or on their configuration. • By configuration, we mean the size, speed of doing computation and storage capacity of a computer 3
- 4. Types based on Principles of Operation • There are three different types of computers according to the principles of operation. • Those three types of computers are: • Analog Computers • Digital Computers • Hybrid Computers 4
- 5. Analog Computers • Examples : 1. Speedometer 2. Weight machine 3. Thermometer 4. Temperature 5. Speed • Analog Computer is a computing device that works on continuous range of values. 1. The results given by the analog computers will only be approximate since they deal with quantities that vary continuously. 2. It generally deals with physical variables such as voltage, pressure, temperature, speed, etc. • Applications : 1. Engineering 2. Scientific Work 5
- 6. Digital Computers On the other hand a digital computer operates on digital data such as numbers. • It uses binary number system in which there are only two digits 0 and 1. (a bit) • Digital Computers can give more accurate and faster results. • Digital computer is well suited for solving complex problems in engineering and technology. Examples: Calculators Accounting machines Applications Scientific research Business Education 6
- 7. Hybrid Computers • A hybrid computer combines the desirable features of analog and digital computers. • It is mostly used for automatic operations of complicated physical processes and machines. • Now-a-days analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters are used for transforming the data into suitable form for either type of computation. • Hybrid computers are mainly used for specialized tasks. • It combines the best features of both digital and analog. Hybrid computers have the accuracy of analog and speed of digital computers . • Applications o In hospitals oIn Air Defense system 7
- 8. Types of Computers based on Configuration / Size • Types of Computers based on Configuration / Size • Super computers • Mainframe computers • Mini computers • Micro computers 8