Moving averages are used to smooth price data and identify trends. There are different types including simple, exponential, weighted, and adaptive moving averages. Simple moving averages equally weight recent and older prices while exponential moving averages give more weight to recent prices. Adaptive moving averages like KAMA and MESA dynamically adjust their smoothing based on market volatility to better follow trends. Moving averages are commonly used with crossover strategies and as support/resistance levels in technical analysis.