Communication & signs
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This document discusses communication and signs. It begins by defining communication as the transmission of information between a source and receiver using signs. Communication can be verbal, nonverbal, or involve speech, writing, gestures, etc. Signs represent concepts and have physical manifestations (exponents) that represent meanings and referents. Signs can be symbolic (assigned arbitrarily), iconic (resemble what they represent), or symptomatic (mechanically linked to their source). The document provides examples of different types of signs and discusses the relationship between signs and their meanings. It also notes that language is the most effective means of human communication as it allows sharing thoughts, ideas, and understanding others.
Communication & signs
- 1. Amman Arab University Department of English Language & Translation
- 2. We will start with Communication &Signs 0 So what do “communication & signs” mean ? 0 What is the relation between language & communication ? 0 How can we divide communication ? 0 What is the relation between sign & meaning? 0 How many kinds of signs do we have ?
- 3. : The language 0 As humans, we cannot live alone, we need to communicate with others in order to meet the needs of our lives and the most effective means of human communication is “ language”. 0 In other words language is what makes us able to share our thoughts , ideas , feelings & to understand others . (communicate)
- 4. What do we mean by communication? 0 Communication in general can be defined as the transmission of information between a source and a receiver by means of signs. 0 Communication can be both: verbal or nonverbal means, including speech , or oral communication; writing and graphical representations (such as infographics, maps, and charts) and signs, signals, and behavior.
- 6. -Who can analyze the parts of communication in this pic ?
- 7. The signs 0 A sign is something physical, which represents something other than itself. 0 a sign is something that gives itself to the senses but something beyond itself to the mind. 0 - Signs have an exponent, a meaning and a set of referents 0 The exponent of a sign is its physical manifestation, something which can be perceived (heard, seen, touched, etc.) by the receiver of the message; e.g. a gesture, a facial expression, a picture, a roadsign, the sounding of a horn, a word, the smell of burning, etc. The individual things, qualities, actions, states in the world to which a sign refers are the referents ( denotation) of the sign, and these together constitute the reference ( extension) of the sign.
- 8. The relation between sign & meaning 0 The meaning of a sign is the concept which it evokes in its users and which can be identified with a set of semantic features; this set can be called the sign’s intension . 0 For instance, the English word girl evokes a concept that includes the features (young, female, human). The signs used in a communication system constitute a code. What's the first thing that comes to your mind when you hear the word cat ?
- 9. Sign’s kinds 0 Signs can be divided into three basic kinds: they can be 0 1- Symbolic sign : is assigned arbitrarily or is accepted as societal convention. Therefore, the relationship between the representamen and what the sign stands for – its object or referent and the sense behind it, the interpreting – must be learned. For example, letters of the alphabet, the number system, mathematical signs, computer code, punctuation marks, traffic signs, national flags and so forth. 0 e.g. English table, Russian stol, German Tisch, Spanish mesa, etc., which all refer to the same kind of thing but all sound different.
- 10. 0 2- Iconic sign : This is the simplest out of all three classification of signs where the signifier resembles what it stands for. For example, a picture of your face is an iconic symbol for you. Similarly, a picture of the ocean is an iconic symbol of the sea. Some more examples of iconic signs include statues, portraits, drawings, cartoons, sound effects, etc. All these signs bear a strong resemblance to the things they represent. Although words are not considered as iconic signs, onomatopoeic words such as splash, hiccup, whoosh, etc. can be described as iconic signs. Example: A drawing of trees is an iconic sign for trees What do you think about this iconic sign ?
- 11. 0 3- Symptomatic sign : when the exponent of a sign is mechanically linked to its source in such a way that it is a spontaneous reflection of the state of the source, the sign is a symptom . 0 However Symptoms do not need interpretation in a language, they are interpreted simply by there being a direct association between two states of affairs. They are not chosen and sent deliberately but follow automatically from certain states of affairs. (Human beings, however, are capable of producing 0 some symptoms deliberately. This happens in playacting or deceiving , e.g. when somebody deliberately assumes a tired or a drunken way of walking, even when they are not tired or drunk at all.)
- 13. Sources and References 0 Introduction to Linguistics Book 0 www.thoughtco.com 0 www.differencebetween.com 0 “decodedscience.org” 0 - Photos from “Google” .
- 14. 0 - THIS PRESENTATION WAS DONE BY : 0 Rahaf Nidal Yousef 201910066 0 Neyaz AL-Bakri 201910407 0 - SUPERVISEED BY : Prof . Khaleel Bataineh .