communication skills
- 1. Gujarat Power Engineering And Research Institute Sub :- Communication Skill Topic :- Formal & Informal Communication Nikhilkumar Patel (161040119038) Created By :-Guided By :- Dr. Vikas Raval
- 3. Formal communication is communication that flows along the lines of management or authority. Formal communication takes the shape of manual forms, reports and meetings.
- 4. Informal communication occurs when people come together and talk about their working conditions, family, co-workers, etc. Rumour, gossip, etc. are the examples of the informal communication.
- 5. FORMAL • Used in a professional setting e.g forms • No slang • Pronounce words correctly INFORMAL • Usually used with friends and family • Contains shortened version of words • Contains slang words
- 6. Formal communication is divided into Three parts. 1.Downward communication - where information moves from higher management to employees 2.Upward communication - where information moves from employees to higher management 3.Horizontal communication - where information is shared between peers.
- 7. Downward Communication starts from higher authority to downward authority, like the board of directors-managers- -purchase officer-executive-clerk etc. It is a convenient channel to explain policies and organizational procedures/to appraise the subordinates for their performance. Major decisions are conveyed through this type of communication. It is necessary for the functioning of any organization as it involves the transfer of information, instructions, advices, request, feedback and ideas to subordinate staff. It is useful for appraisal of the subordinates for their performance. Downward Communication is very long and time consuming process. Downward communication is too much authoritarian process.
- 8. Upward Communication starts from bottom level to top level. For example, worker conveys message to production manager, he conveys it to the director of company etc. Upward communication provides necessary feedback. Upward communication is also important for workers‘ suggestions for the welfare of an organization. Upward communication is difficult as it moves upward against the force of gravity - means workers hesitate to initiate for upward communication. Workers at the lowest level are not efficient communicators so their communication oral or written may not be accurate and may not be welcomed by superiors. It may also include innovative ideas, reactions to a particular policy, rules or a behavior of any person on the job.
- 9. Horizontal communication refers to the flow of communication among the people at the same level of authority. The main objective of horizontal communication are developing team work and promoting group coordination within an organization Horizontal Communication is less formal . Sometimes it results into “Gossip” about management.
- 10. Communication between departments or employees in the same organization without any hierarchy is called diagonal communication. It is the most used channel of communication. Workers communicate with other workers, clerks sharing information with one another, managers discusses some organizational problems are all engaged in diagonal communication. Diagonal communication is extremely important for promoting, understanding and co-ordination among various departments.
- 11. Informal communication is divided into a single part. 1. Grapevine communication – informal chat from person to person
- 12. Informal channels transmit official news through unofficial and informal communicative interactions known as the ‘grapevine.’This informal communication network includes teatime gossip, casual gatherings, lunch-time meeting and so on. Grapevine communication is the best example of Informal Communication.