Computer fundamentals
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A computer is a programmable machine that can perform calculations and execute a list of instructions. It consists of hardware, software, and peripheral devices. A computer accepts data as input, processes it, produces output, and stores results. It operates at incredible speeds, can reliably store enormous amounts of data, and allows people to communicate and share information globally. Software provides the instructions that tell the computer what to do and comes in two main types: system software like the operating system that runs the computer, and applications software for tasks like word processing.
Computer fundamentals
- 1. COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS UNIT - V BAR 104 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATION - I 1
- 2. What Is a Computer? Computer : Latin word Compute which means calculation A computer is a programmable machine with two principal characteristics: a. It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner. b. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program). A computer system includes a computer, peripheral devices and software BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 2
- 3. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS FUNCTIONS a. Accepts data Input b. Processes data Processing c. Produces output Out put d. Stores results Storage BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 3
- 4. o Input (Data): is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc. o Process: is the operation of data as per given instruction. It is totally internal process of the computer system. o Output: is the processed data given by computer after data processing. Output is also called as Result. We can save these results in the storage devices for the future use. o Storage: is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis. FUNCTIONS BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 4
- 5. Elements of A Computer 1. People: They run and operate the computer. 2. Procedure: are normally written in manuals of hardware and software manufacturers. 3. Software: is to do process data into useful information for people. 4. Hardware: the physical equipment that you can feel and touch. 5. Data: include texts and numbers, sounds, images, and videos that you input into the computer for processing. 6. Connectivity: - a computer must be connected to other computers especially through the internet. - using the internet, people can share and access data from all over the world. BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 5
- 6. Capabilities of Computers 1. Speed: computer operates on data and commands at incredibly fast speed. 2. Storage: computer can store enormous amount of data and information in its memory. 3. Reliability: computers made of modern technology rarely breakdown and when they do, they are easily repaired. 4. Consistent: if you input the same data into the computer using the same program, it will give you the same result all the time. 5. Communicate: people can connect with others by the use of computers. BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 6
- 7. -Software are sets of instructions that tell the computer what to do to fulfill its task -Software exists as ideas, concepts, and symbols, but it has no substance.. BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 7
- 8. Kinds of Software System Software: - are programs that the computer uses. -is a collection of programs which includes the operating system, utilities and drivers. Operating System: is a program that is basically responsible for the coordination, management and sharing of hardware resources and tasks in the computer. Utility Software : is a program that performs maintenance tasks for the computer resources, such as clean up and organizing files and programs so they would load and work faster. BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 8
- 9. Kinds of Software o Device Driver : is a program that allows a particular hardware device to work and with the computer system. o Applications Software : are the programs that people use for their day to day tasks on the computer o Basic application software : includes word processor, spreadsheet, database and presentation software. o Specialized application software : includes software for graphics, multimedia, audio, video, web designing and many other app. that focus on a certain discipline or profession. BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 9
- 10. COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 10
- 11. BAR 101 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS - I 11