CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: DESCRIPTION
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The document discusses the concept of memory as the ability to store, retain, and recall information, categorizing it into three types: sensory, working, and long-term memory. It highlights the importance of cognitive and affective strategies for improving memory retention and describes how memories shape individual identities through experiences, people, and feelings. Additionally, it provides examples and defines specific aspects of each memory type and sub-type.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: DESCRIPTION
- 1. MEMORY: DESCRIPTION Individual artefacts by adult ESL learners in a blended class Permission granted by all students to publish slides to be included as an artefact in their capstone eportfolio projects Photos and images: courtesy of ClipArt 1 How we conceptualized memory after a lecture on cognition by Pearson/Longman. Based on the Pearson/Longman Contemporary Topics lecture on cognitive psychology
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- 3. 3 #2 What types of memory: 1- Sensory memory = * Short Ex: Tactile Sensory Memory 2-Working Memory * Daily life Ex: Repeat phone to remember 3- Long- Term Memory * All your life Ex: Facts, idea, names, ride bicycle, play music Who we are : We are our memory = * Event& Experience *People = know *Feeling= we have *Our opinions Where: Information stored Information stored = variety of brain systems BRAIN FUNCTION: MEMORY
- 4. store, retain, recall info Memory We= our memories ( events, people, feeling, … etc) →our brain system Types of memories: ✓Sensory memory: 100- 500 milliseconds ↑sense used ↑ways record in brain ↑ learning and remembering ✓ working memory: ( workspace) Important for daily life . ✓ Long-term memory: 1. Declarative memory 2. Procedural memory 30 seconds– life. 1st performed in working memory in meaningful/ emotional ways. #3
- 5. Where/When School-Workplace-Daily Life-Lifetime(events, opinions, feelings, peoples) 3 Memory Types 1.Sensory memory(short 100-500 millisec): initial moment perception 2.Working memory(daily life): temporarily holds, manipulates info- workplace 3.Long-Term memory(stored 30 sec for life): declarative memory(facts- ideas-names) conscious + procedural memory( body movemt) implicit, unconscious Improve( declarative mem.): 2 Strategies 1.cognotive: agree/dis., compare/contrast, discuss relationships, remember more + longer 2.affective: emotional response=remember better( emotions, release, limbic system Create Positive Emotional Response study w/friends, use interesting study tasks, test questions Brain Function Our Memory: store, retain, recall brain system info #4
- 6. Short 100-500 millisecond 1st perception Learning + Remember 30’ 4 all life Working by emo way Declarative Memo Facts ideas names ConsciusProcedural Memo Body move implicit Unconscious Event s Peopl e Opinio ns Feelin gs Long- term Memory Sensory Memory Working Workspace Important 4 daily Temporary holds/manipulate info Crucial 4 operations Adds, follow direct, underst relation 4 ideas Cognitive Psychology: Memory - Pearson/Longman Contemporary Topics #5
- 7. Who People from childhood to old age Students in different area Verities of people from various occupation What Meaning: Storing ability ( feeling and information) Type: Sensory Working long term Declarative procedural How/Why Manipulating meaningful information Experiencing the fact Playing the instrument Body movement How to Improve? Cognitive strategy: Approach, Completing, Verbal elaboration ( agree/disagree, compare/contract, discuss the relationship Affective: Emotional, Brain chemical, release memory, Limbic system When/ Where Very Short time short term Long term or life long At home, school, work place, people’s Life place, people’s Life Our memor y Power #6
- 8. Memory def: The ability to store, retain and recall the info from brain system (e.g. people, feeling, opinion, events) 1.Sensory memory Initial moment with sensory E.g. tactile More sensory memory, more ways to recording 2. Working memory Holding and manipulating the info in your mind (temperate) E.g. repeating the phone Logical understanding between ideas Notes: crucial for common mental operations 3. Long term memory Initial process in working memory in meaningful or emotional ways Subtypes: Declarative memory ( facts, ideas, names) Procedure memory ( unconscious, body movements, biking, instruments Notes: Identified by sociologist #7
- 9. Q. What is the definition of Memory? A. Memory it is the ability to store, retain ,and recall information. Q. Who we are? A. We are our memories when we think about Events with experience, people we know, opinions, and feelings about great many things. Q. Where we store these information? A. It stored in our brain system. Q. How many types of memory? A.There are three types of memory Short memory 100-500 milliseconds. Work temporally hold & manipulate information temporally workspace in our mind. Stored from 30 second to the entire life memory. Sub types long term memory A. Declarative memory: Facts , Ideas , Names all experience conscious. B. Procedural memory: concerns your knowledge to moving your body. (Most of procedural memory are implicit and unconscious) Working memory Long term memory Memory #8
- 10. MEMORY – The Ability To Store, Retain, & Recall Information Memory We = Our Memories Sensory Memory Short. 100-500 milliseconds -Initial Movement Of Perception -Important For Learning & Remembering Working Memory -Important For Daily Life -Temporarily Holds & Manipulates Information -Crucial For Common Mental Operations Long Term Memory -Store For 30sec – Life -1st Processed In Working Memory Declarative Memory -Experiences Ex. Facts, Ideas And Names -Conscious Procedural Memory -Body Movements Ex. Riding a bike & Playing An Instrument -Implicit & Unconscious Cognitive Strategy -How To Approach & Complete Tasks • Verbal Elaboration - Talk About The Information in a Meaningful Way •To Agree/Disagree, Compare/Contrast, And To Discuss Relationships Between Ideas Affective Strategy – Emotional Response = Remember Better •Emotions Will Release Brain Chemical Which Leads To Better Memory •How You Feel About Something Helps You Remember Better How To Improve Memory (Declarative) - We Are The Products Of Our Own Memories - Memories Are Events, People, Opinions, And Feelings How To Create Positive Emotional Response: • Study With Friends • Use Interesting Study Tasks • Test Questions #9
- 11. Sensory memory -short:100-500milliseconds -learning & remembering - senses used= ways recorded in brain Working memory -important for daily life -temporarily holds & manipulates info -crucial for common mental operations Long-term memory -declarative memory=experiences -procedural memory=boby movements -stored 30 sec.--life Memory : ability to recall info How to improve memory: cognitive strategies & affective strategies #10
- 12. Memory store + recall + retain info We= our memories (events, people, opinion, feeling) Information stored in brain system 1: Sensory memory • Short= 100-500 millisecond. • Initial moment that we perceive with our senses. • E.g. tactile sensory memory. 2: Working memory • Important for daily life. • Temporary holds & manipulate info= workspace. • E.g. repeat phone # to remember. • Adding #, following directions, understand relations. 3: Long term memory • 30 sec to entire life. • Info & experience processed in working memory in meaningful/emotional ways 1: Declarative memory Facts, idea, name, experiences Conscious memories 2: Procedural memory Moving body e.g. play instrument, Bicycle Unconscious, implicit Three types of memories #11
- 13. Sensory memory •Short: 100-500 milliseconds •Learning & remembering Working memory •Important for daily life •Temporarily hold & manipulates info-"workspace" •Crucial for common mental operations Long-term memory & long- term memory sub-types •Stored 30 seconds-life •Declarative memory •Procedural memory #12
- 14. Long Term Memory Working Memory Short Term Memory Sensory: 100-500 m/s ~ initial/moment of perception; learning&remembering; senses used = ways recorded in brain Important for daily life; temporary holds&manipu- lates info-”workplace”; critical for common mental operations (#s, follow Direction, relationship) Stored 30 sec. ~ for entire life; cultivated by working memory in meaningful/ emotional ways A. Declarative memory=Experiences Explicit (manifest, conscious) B. Non declarative (procedural memory) = body movements; Implicit (unmanifest, instinctive) How to improve declarative memory? Cognitive strategies- how to approach & complete tasks: verbal: talk of info in meaningful ways-agree/disagree; compare contrast; discuss relationships. Remember more&longer Affective strategies- emotional responses= Remember better; Emotions - brain chemical release - Limbic System (part of memory) - data to long-term Memo. How you fee = How well you remember #13
- 15. MEMORY D e s c r i p t i o n Who what when how wher e #14
- 16. We=our memories events/people/opinions/feelings Memory store/retain/recall How to improve memory (declarative memory) Sensory memory Short 100-500ms Initial moment of perception Working memory (Important in daily life) Temporary holds and manipulate info-workplace Long-term memory 30s-life 1st processed in working memory in meaningful/emotional ways Declarative memory (Experiences) facts/ideas/names Procedural memory (Body movements) Ride bicycle/play instrument Cognitive strategies (How to approach & complete tasks) Verbal elaboration Agree/disagree Compare/contrast Discuss relationship remember more & longer Affective strategies (Emotional responses) Emotions/brain chemical release/memories Limbic system info/long term memory How you feel/how well you remember #15
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- 18. = Store Retain Recall We=our memory Exp. events Opinions Feelings People Stored in brain system • Sensory memory (100-500ms.) - imp. for learning • Working memory (repeat) - imp. for daily life • Long-term memory (30 sec-all life) - declarative (facts, ideas, names.) - procedural (body movements) Playing instrument Riding a bicycle Following directions Repeat phone number Und. relationships #17
- 19. 19 #18 Type #1 - Sensory Memory 1) Cognitive Strategies: Approaching tasks and strategies to complete Very short, lasting 100 to 500 milliseconds Critical Verbal Elaboration helps remember more and retain longer Created when senses are used: smelling, touching. Talk about information to be memorized in a meaningful ways: E.g. Memory of smelling food flavour or touching ice. Agree / Disagree with the information Helps with learning: Sense is one more way to record information Compare/contrast information with information already known Type #2 - Working Memory Relationships between information to be leraned/memorized A temporary works space in the brain where information is held and manipulated temporarily. E.g.Repeating information to memorize until you have a way to record it 2) Affective Strategies: Controlling emotion responses helps remember permanently, such as a phone number better Crucial for common mental operation: add #, follow direction and Emotion: affects memory directly understand relationship between idead Play direct role in brain Type #3 - Long-term Memory Limbic system X-fer info. to long-term memory Stored for 30 second or for life Feel better ® remember better Psychologists believe this is first processed in working memory E.g. Remembering details of a shocking events or stunning scenery for Create positive emotion by: A very long time. Studying with friends Sub-type 1 - Declarative Memory Doing interesting tasks Information consciously available: Names, facts, addresses Asking test questions or using quizzes Sub-type 2 - Procedural Memory Unconscious and implicit: Affective strategies: improve memory & senses of fun/challenge Concerning body movements: Play music instruments, riding bicycle Memory 3 Types of Memory Strategies to improve declarative memory
- 20. We = our memories exp.events opinions feelings people Memory (store, retain, recall info) Sensory memory Working memory Long-term memory Learning (short 100-500ms) Daily life (repeat) Declarative Procedural Agree/disagree, compare/contrast, facts, Body movements positive emotional, discuss relationship #19
- 21. Brain function: our memory Ability to store, retain, recall info Events, people, opinions, feelings Information stored in brain system Short:100-500 milliseconds-initial moment of perception •Ex: tactile sensory memory: silk smoothness •Learning & remembering Important for daily life Temporarily holds & manipulates info- ”workspace” •Ex: repeat phone number to remember •Crucial for common mental operations Stored 30 sec.-life 1st processed in working memory in meaningful/emotional ways Ex: Grand Canyon Types: •Declarative memory = experiences •Procedural memory = body movements#20
- 22. 22 REFERENCES Some of the sources used for: Artefacts created by EAP2 students in a blended class at the LTC – Spring 2020 Text: Cognitive Psychology: Memory - Pearson/Longman Contemporary Topics Images: Courtesy of ClipArt / Courtesy of GoogleImages CleanPNG https://www.cleanpng.com/ Image from article used in research (2019, February 01) https://alisondoherty.com/2013/02/01/memory-writing-and-imagination/ Photos and images: courtesy of SmartArt https://myofficemagazine.co.za/coding-should-be-sas-12th-language/ NikitinaOlga. (n.d.). Memory Loss Man. Retrieved from https://v.paixin.com/photocopyright/11665611?help=back https://kpu.pressbooks.pub/app/uploads/sites/3/2018/04/masteringMemory_v01-1-300x214.png improve memory http://www.braintrainingtools.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/techniques-to-improve-memory-retention-recall.jpg Neurosciencenews. (2020, January 6). Epilepsy Study Shows Link between Brain Activity and Memory. Retrieved from https://neurosciencenews.com/memory-brain-activity-epilepsy-15405/ Other Free PowerPoint Templates Design: Human Brain Inside Bulb-Business PowerPoint Templates https://www.free-powerpoint-templates-design.com/human-brain-inside-bulb-business-powerpoint-templates/ "Epilepsyu": https://epilepsyu.com/tag/restoring-memory/ Practical Psychology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4evnus2olo Study.com Atkinson & Shiffrin's Modal Model of Memory Video BELLABEE: Concentration/Learning/Working/Memory Therapy with Bellabee - BELLABEE: 7/12/2019 https://www.bellabee.us/blog/concentrationlearningworkingmemory-therapy-with-bellabee 5 senses clipart sensory memory: https://webstockreview.net/pict/getfirst Working Memory Resources for Parents, By Dr. Randy Kulman on Monday, February 22, 2016 https://southcountychildandfamily.com/2016/02/22/working-memory-resources-for-parents/ Long Term Memory-Nov 13, 2019 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4evnus2olo&list=RDCMUCir93b_ftqInEaDpsWYbo_g&index=1 Disclaimer: we have made every effort to cite all sources and use only Royalty-free images - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royalty-free