2. Introduction
Electronic spreadsheet software are like
Microsoft Excel commonly used by
individuals and businesses to create and
produce much needed calculations and
operations
Functions are calculations that return a
result. To create and enter functions, always
start with an equal sign (=). The inputs in
functions are called arguments. Arguments
can be in a form of numbers, cell references,
or texts.
3. MS Excel Chart
A chart is a visual representation of
data in worksheet of the spreadsheet
program.
Symbol Operation Example Purpose
+ Addition =A1+B2 It adds the value of cell
A1 and B2
- Subtraction =A1-B2 It subtracts the value of
A1 and B2
* Multiplication =A1*B2 It multiplies the value of
A1 and B2
/ Division =A1/B2 It divides the value of A1
and B2
4. Formula Error Messages
1. # REF # - it means that a cell does not
exist (such as deleted cell)
2. # VALUE # - it tries to calculate something
which is not a value (such as text)
3. # DIV/O – it attempts the undefined
operations of dividing by zero.
4. # Num! – it attempts an impossible
mathematical operation.
5. Functions – are built-in formulas used in
making the worksheet construction
easier and in performing mathematical
operations.
The following are the functions
used in MS Excel.
a. SUM e. COUNT
b. AVERAGE f. IF
c. MAX g. COUNTA
d. MIN h. LEN
6. Values – are numbers that can enter into
a cell of a spreadsheet program and
may be used in a formula afterwards.
### - this symbol will be
displayed if the number is too long to fit
within the cell boundaries.
7. Formulas, Texts, Values, Functions
Formulas – are used to calculated
values in an electronic spreadsheet
program.
Texts – are letters, symbols, numbers
and spaces or any combination that
can enter into a cell of a spreadsheet
program.
8. Below are some examples of commonly
used functions
1. SUM – is used to add two or more numbers
together. Cell references are used in this
formula.
- It calculates the total of the
values of range of cells.
9. • Separate numbers or cell references by
commas then it will automatically be
added.
Example: =SUM(A1,A3) or =SUM(5,7)
10. • For range of cells, separate them with a
colon.
Example: =SUM(A1:B6)
11. 2. AVERAGE – this is to calculate average of
a series of numbers.
- it calculates the
arithmetic mean of a range of cells or
values.
Example: =AVERAGE(A1:A10)
12. 3. COUNT – this is used to count the number
of cell in a range that have numbers in
them.
Example: =COUNT(A1:A14)
13. 4. LEN – this is used to return the length of a
string or an entry.
Example: =LEN(B7) is 15
14. 5. COUNTA – this is used to count the
number of cell that have numbers and/or
any other characters in them. It works
with all data types.
Example: =COUNTA(B4:B7) is 4
15. 6. MAX – it gives the maximum value in a
range of cell or values.
Example: =MAX(C4:C7) is 15
16. 7. MIN – it gives the minimum value in a range
of cell or values.
Example: =MIN(C4:C7) is 9
17. 8. IF – it shows a series of calculations using
the same formula but a different value for
each calculation to define whether the
formula is true or false.
Example: =IF(C7>=, “PASSED”, “FAILED”)
18. Assignment:
Write True on the line if the statement
is correct and False if is not.
____ 1. The Count is used to calculate the
number of cells in a range that have
numbers in them.
____ 2. There are only four functions in MS
Excel.
19. ____ 3. The LEN formula counts the
number of characters in a cell.
____ 4. Functions are calculations that
return a result.
____ 5. Formulas always start with equal
sign.
20. References: The Basics of Better Family
Living, page 37 & Home Economics
Livelihood Education 6 pages 33-37
