Data Center Cooling, Critical Facility and Infrastructure Optimization
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The document presents insights on data center cooling and infrastructure optimization by NER Data Corporation, emphasizing the importance of addressing power, space, and cooling challenges in the face of increasing rack density and energy efficiency demands. It discusses strategies for improving cooling efficiency, such as optimizing airflow management and utilizing advanced technologies to reduce energy consumption. Additionally, it highlights the benefits of adopting intelligent controls and conducting optimization assessments to enhance overall data center functionality and sustainability.
Data Center Cooling, Critical Facility and Infrastructure Optimization
- 1. Seattle AFCOM Mtg. 9-13-12 Presented by NER & Emerson gstover@nerdata.com 949-360-1509 Data Center Cooling Critical Facility & Infrastructure Optimization Presented by Greg Stover SVP NER Data Corporation
- 2. About – NER Data Corporation Data Center Infrastructure Optimization • NER has been a leading data center solutions provider to thru our partners, for over 30 years! – Domestic manufacturer of enclosures, media storage and most recently Air Movers & Monitoring Strips – Value Added Distributor - w/Vendor neutral approach to data center optimization * Over 20 different Manufacturing & Innovation partners – We are Cooling-Power-Monitoring/DCIM efficiency experts!
- 3. Infrastructure Constraints & Challenges • Power, Space and Cooling – Capacity constraints, distribution and scalability • Increased Rack Density ( 2-4kw, 8-12kw, 15-30kw and beyond) – Storage & virtualization projects air straining infrastructure & manageability – Dynamic loads will complicate the issue • Optimization v. Build-Out – 75% of IT organizations/data centers will have to move, outsource and/or remodel as a result of power, cooling and infrastructure capacity issues • Energy Efficiency – A topic @ the C-Level - Greening and optimization initiatives that show an ROI and lowered TCO are driving aggressive corporate level decision making • Data Center Infrastructure Management
- 4. Why Optimize Cooling? Why Care? • What Can You do with Efficiency Improvements? Minimize Cap-Ex & Operating Expenses - Put the savings in your pocket - Become Green and improve sustainability - Match work being done to expense Increase capacity / manageable load - Extend the useful life or your data center - Increase/improve cooling system redundancy Control your own Destiny! - Keep and/or bring Data Centers & Jobs to Washington - You decide where and how Colo & Cloud technologies fit! - Inefficient DC’s will be closed/Outsourced!
- 5. The Basics - Simplified • Get cold air/cooling resource where it needs to be, when it needs to be there, in just the right amount • Remove heat before it can mix and/or cause hot spots 3 keys to cooling efficiency success 1. Cooling side - Supply efficiency 2. Airflow/supply - Delivery efficiency/Mixing/Containment? 3. Heat/exhaust side – removal/Mixing/Containment? Dynamically matching supply w/load requirement!
- 6. How do we improve efficiency ? Mechanisms to realize cooling efficiency 1. Reduce or eliminate oversupply 2. Reduce fan energy (turning off units or using VFD’s) 3. Safely raise supply air temperatures 4. Safely raise chilled water temperatures (if applicable) 5. Optimization Compressor performance (if applicable) 6. Increase economization utilization/hours (if applicable)
- 7. Cooling Optimization is a Process not an Event! The Options are many! ________________________________________________________________________ Cooling - Power – Monitoring and more for the Modern Enterprise
- 8. Cooling Realities Reducing Oversupply …a distribution problem • Mixing of hot exhaust with cold supply air is the #1 cause of inefficiency and contributes significantly to hot spots • 40% of available cooling can be utilized/wasted due to bypass/mixing) and over-provisioning to eliminate hot spots • Typically, supply air is well below ASHRAE standards (77ºF - 81ºF) • You can gain a “30% improvement in infrastructure energy efficiency from improved airflow management” according to the EPA (2007) • Despite a gross over-supply by 1.8/2.5 times, 10% of racks still experience hot spots Temperatures to Understand Supply Temp Server Inlet Requirement * Return Temp
- 9. Mechanical Airflow Manipulation Supply & Return Paths – Localized Fixes < Fan Assisted Air Mover Heat Removal > Heat Removal > < Air Distribution Cabinet
- 10. Maximizing the Temperature Back to the Cooling Unit is Optimal – Airflow Mgt. (Cont) ---- Chilled Water CRAC ---- Direct Expansion CRAC • Higher Precision Cooling unit ΔT & SHR • Recovers stranded capacity • Efficiency gain from 15% to 20%
- 11. Advanced Technology – EC Plug Fans (CW) How efficiently can I get the Air where it needs to be? Direct drive (no belts) 60% to 100% fan speed (VFD/VAV) Fan speed matches the chilled water valve position, based on the room heat load At lower speeds (< 70%), EC plug fans can save over half of the fan energy versus standard cooling methods Field Retrofit Kits Available for many models Limited on external static capability
- 12. CW EC Plug Fan Benefits – Fan Speed Reduction Fixed Speed Variable Speed 3 Units ON, 1 in Standby 4 Units operating together – Fans must operate at 100% to – Fans can operate at 75% to meet demand meet demand – 3 units X 8.1kWh = – 4 units X 3.43kWh = 24.3kW per hour 13.72kW per hour CRAC CRAC CRAC CRAC CRAC CRAC CRAC CRAC 14
- 13. Automated Intelligent Controls Example = Verizon Wireless iCOM Case Study Total of (32) DH380AUAA00’s existing units operating as a single zone High energy costs due to excessive cooling Automated Controls w/supply Manipulation Zonal Mgt. Real-Time Control - AdaptivCool - Liebert iCOM (in study) - Environet - Synapsense - Vigilent - Others
- 14. Verizon Wireless iCOM Controls Case Study Summary • Total of (32) DH380A’s units operating as a single zone • 32 units / 6 zones ( w/ 9 units on standby ) • iCOM with (6) vNSA switches and (2) iCOM Wall Mount • Total cost of upgrades ~$184,000 • Total cost of installation ~$60,000 Intelligent Controls Dynamic Mgt. • Approximately 200 kW per hour savings • Total of 1,752,000 kW (of unnecessary usage) per year savings • Total Annual Savings ~$211,000 • Total Install Cost ~$244,000 • Simple Payback ~1.2 years (Pre-Incentive)
- 15. Close Coupled/Row-Based Cooling As Supplemental Cooling < Your Options are many > 5-30kw As a turn key Self Contained solution 20-400kw PODS Most Heat Rejection Methods Available 5-30kw/rack Things Consider Legacy or New Sites Fan design/efficiency Modular & Scalable Air distribution efficiency Room Neutral Control methodology/Intelligence Highly Efficient Access/Maintenance Liquid Cooling HD 40KW and beyond Overhead designs Up To 40kw
- 16. The future has arrived Economization, Hybrids, Maps & Equipment Driving these Trends ASHRAE’s Issues: Expanded Guidelines Climate Zone Maps Economization Maps Equipment Classes Lots of considerations Your equipment Air Quality SLA’s /Tolerances
- 17. Know the Code – Talk to your Utilities 1st ! WA State Energy Code • Air or water economizing (water side economization for entire load of data center at 50F dry bulb / 45F wet bulb or below) • VFD's on fans / pumps =>7.5 HP (Sec. 1438) • Higher IPLV / NPLV requirements on chillers Seattle Energy Code • Air side economizing required - limited exceptions available for water side economization for small loads (See code sections 1132, 1433 for details) • VFD's on fans / pumps = >5 HP, Dx cooling units >9 tons (110,000 BTUh) • Higher IPLV / NPLV requirements on chillers • Energy metering of systems with power consumption above thresholds (Section 12, Table 12-2) • In retrofits the code would require upgrades to VFD's on fans / pumps. • SCL still provides incentives to encourage adoption of economization, conversion of constant volume fan systems to variable volume (VFD's on CRAC's / AHU's), airflow management/ containment. Containment will likely become part of Future Code!
- 18. Old & New Technologies Abound Hybrids, Evaporative, Heat Wheels City X EcoBreeze = Air-to-air heat Air exchanger, evaporative cooling, w CW Plant Glycool Economizer DX coolers for back-up Option Option HEAT WHEEL Technology Evaporative Cooling providers exploding Air to Air Heat Exchanger Claiming up to 80% savings Up to 70% Savings Tandem digital scroll compressors EC plug fans Staged evaporator coil Electronic expansion valves EconoPhase™ Pumped Refrigerant Economizer iCOM intelligent controls
- 19. Can’t Decide? Computational Fluid Dynamics • As part of the most Optimization Assessments, vendors can create a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study to precisely predict air flow and air temperature anywhere in a computing environment through software simulations – CFD modeling visually and scientifically identifies and depicts constraints and enables you to identify the best solutions for remediation – CFDs are used for failure analysis, redundancy scenarios, future layout and capacity planning New Tools/Software allow for : Close Coupled Modeling - InRow/RowBased - Overhead - Rear Door Containment Modeling - Hot & Cold - Passive & Managed Chimney Heat Containment - Passive - Managed
- 20. Can’t Decide? Optimization Assessment & other Services • Implementing best practices, energy efficient designs, and power saving technologies require baseline information of your power and cooling usage • Optimization Assessments captures “ your data center data” – On-Site capacity benchmarking – CFD modeling and analysis – how does air move? – Power & cooling efficiency analysis – Metrics analysis • Understand their expertise/experience – What do they sell? – How long have they been interpreting CFD’s – Look hard at the sample deliverable/process – Is the Assessment deliverable independent/transportable?
- 21. Some Recommendations • Measure and Monitor your Power & Heat • Eliminate problems/inefficiencies caused by heat & air mixing (can minimize effects of new technologies) • Use Solutions that are demand/load responsive - Controls & Automation are critical • Work with the Utilities – On the front side for rebates Incentives • Become a pro-active partner with Facilities • Benchmark/Baseline, Plan & model/visualize for the Future! Do an assessment! THANK YOU – Q & A gstover@nerdata.com or 949-360-1509