Digital testing of high voltage circuit breaker seminar ppt
- 1. Mail me for PPT and report copy on mdsadabkhan@gmail.com Technical Seminar on “Digital Testing Of High Voltage Circuit Breaker ” Submitted to Submitted By: Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering JNN College Of Engineering, Shimoga- 577204 2020-2021
- 2. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Contents • Abstract • Introduction • Literature review • Essential Qualities Of HV Circuit Breaker • Need For Testing • Testing Of Circuit Breaker • Digital Testing • Advantages and Disadvantages • Application • Conclusion 2 05-09-2021 18:34
- 3. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Abstract • The functionality of high voltage circuit breaker is tested in high power laboratories. • With the advancement of power system, need for high voltage circuit breaker has increased a lot, as they play an important role in transmission and distribution. • Digital testing of high voltage circuit breaker employs a software product for testing of a breaker model, once its characteristic are obtained from the standard tests. • High-resolution measurements of current and voltage are done in the critical period. • The arc voltage is measured with standard broadband RCR type voltage divider and current with spec 05-09-2021 18:34 3
- 4. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Introduction • A circuit breaker can make or break a circuit, either manually or automatically under all conditions viz. no-load, full-load and short-circuit conditions. • The American National Standard Institute (ANSI) defines circuit breaker as: “A mechanical switching device capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also making , carrying for a specified time, and breaking currents underspecified abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit”. 05-09-2021 18:34 4
- 5. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Literature survey “Pieter Schavemaker, Lou Vandersluis, “Digital testing of high voltage circuit breakers,” IEEE Computer Applications in Power System.This paper describe about the brief procedure and steps required for the digital testing of High voltage circuit breaker. 05-09-2021 18:34 5
- 6. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering R.P.P. Smeets, V. Kertesz, “Evaluation of H.V. Circuit breaker performance with a new arc model,” lEE Proceedings on Generation, Transmission and Distribution. This paper describes about arc-circuit interaction performance of High voltage circuit breaker. 05-09-2021 18:34 6
- 7. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Paul E. Schoen, President PS Technology, Inc. , “Circuit breaker testing technology ,”Published by Lake Publishing Corporation. This paper focus upon the practical aspects of generating and measuring the high currents required in the testing of circuit breakers. 05-09-2021 18:34 7
- 8. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Neumann C, “Progress towards 'digital testing', a novel additional tool to investigate the performance of HV circuit breakers for the benefit of utility, manufacturer and standardizing body,” The International Council on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE)., pp. 13–17. This article Quantifies about the interrupting performance of high-voltage circuit breakers. 05-09-2021 18:34 8
- 9. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Essential Qualities Of HV Circuit Breaker • In closed position they are good conductors. • In open position they are excellent insulators. • They can close a shorted circuit quickly and safely with out unacceptable contact erosion. • They can interrupt a rated short-circuit current or lower current quickly without generating an abnormal voltage. 05-09-2021 18:34 9
- 10. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Need for testing HV circuit breaker • When an overload or a short circuit occurs in the home or industry, the usual result is a blown fuse or a tripped circuit breaker. • Circuit breakers are mechanical devices, which are subject to deterioration due to corrosion and environmental contamination, any of which could cause the device to remain closed during a fault condition. 05-09-2021 18:34 10
- 11. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Testing of circuit breakers • Routine tests: performed on every piece of circuit breaker in the premises of the manufacturer. The purpose of the routine test is to confirm the proper functioning of a circuit breaker • Type tests: are performed in a high voltage laboratory. Such tests are performed on sample pieces of circuit breaker. These tests are not performed on every piece of the circuit breaker. 11
- 12. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering CIRCUIT BREAKER SWITCHING AND ARC MODELLING • the basic function of the circuit breaker refers to the change from conductor to insulator at a certain voltage. • Before interruption, the short circuit flows through the circuit breaker arc channel. • Because of non-zero resistance of the channel, the short circuit current causes a voltage across the contacts of the circuit breaker • Thus both are voltage and arc current cross the zero value at the same time instant 12
- 13. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Aim Of Digital Testing 05-09-2021 18:34 13 • Developing digital testing of HV circuit breakers. I.e. , a software product for testing a model of such a device , once its characteristic fingerprints are obtained from refined measurements during standard tests. • Digital offers a wide range of new possibilities for users , manufactures, standardizing bodies and test laboratories for fine tuning circuit breaker abilities in relation with standard and real power systems.
- 14. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Digital Testing 05-09-2021 18:34 14 A project started with the following parties : • KEMA high power laboratories The Netherlands. • Delft University of technology, The Netherlands. • Siemens AG, Germany • RWE Energy ,Germany
- 15. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Digital Testing 05-09-2021 18:34 15
- 16. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Measurement & data analysis 05-09-2021 18:34 16 • A tailor-made high-frequency measuring system was realized for this purpose. This system consists a number of battery powered, single channel 40MHz 12bit AD converters each storing data temporarily in on board local RAM (256k samples each) • The arc voltage is measured with standard broad band RCR type voltage dividers. Current is measured with a special Rogowski coil. After the remote RAM is filled, data is transmitted serially through optical fibres to the processing unit in the command centre.
- 17. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Digital Testing 05-09-2021 18:34 17 • The system relies heavily on digital signal processing methods for reconstructing the actual voltage and current signals from the raw sensor output. This has to do with the specific frequency sensors and with that corrections needed for the reproducible induced voltage and capacitive current that distort the measured signals. • It can measure post-arc current as small as 50 mA, microseconds after the interruption of many tens of kA. • After an extensive series of the most critical fault interruption duty for circuit breakers, a test data-base from various types of commercially available circuit breakers was set up.
- 18. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Digital Testing 05-09-2021 18:34 18 • With this experimental material, an empirical arc model based on classical arc models was validated that gave very good coverage of the observed processes. • Failure or success was predicted correctly in more than 90% of the cases by evaluating the characteristics of the arc behaviour with this model. • Digital offers a wide range of new possibilities for users, manufactures, standardizing bodies and test laboratories for fine tuning circuit breaker abilities in relation with standard and real power systems
- 19. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Digital Testing 05-09-2021 18:34 19 Voltage and current measurement data
- 20. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering ARC-CIRCUIT INTERACTION SOFTWARE - 05-09-2021 18:34 20 • At the final stage of the realization of digital testing, measured arc model parameters will be used as input for the arc model • The integration of differential algebric equations (DAE) by means of the backward differentiation formula (BDF) method has been chosen in developing a new software package for electrical transients computation. • This new transient program, XTrans has been developed especially for arc-circuit interaction studies. The program runs on a PC. • This program is in use at several high-power and high-voltage laboratories in the world.
- 21. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Advantages • Evaluation of the relevance of future standards for different circuit breaker technologies and extinguishing media. • Estimation of circuit breaker’s interrupting limit. • Reduction of full scale testing in high-power laboratories. • Identification of network topologies that can pose special difficulties to a circuit breaker. • Acceleration at development of new circuit breaker design. • Monitoring the aging process of circuit breaker in service. • Expansion of services for high-power laboratories. 05-09-2021 18:34 21
- 22. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Dis-Advantages • Testing in costlier • Testing is time consuming • A tough procedure 05-09-2021 18:34 22
- 23. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Application • Influence of parallel capacitance Table:- Influence for current transformer 05-09-2021 18:34 23
- 24. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Conclusion • Digital testing gives precise information about the breaker, as obtained from laboratory tests. • This is useful for the development of future standards. • Powerful possibilities with digital testing are created when arc model and data analysis is coupled with a circuit analysis package. • The performance of a circuit breaker whose finger prints are obtained from real tests can be estimated in other circuits also. 05-09-2021 18:34 24
- 25. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering 05-09-2021 18:34 25
- 26. National Education Society® J N N College of Engineering, Shivamogga Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering 05-09-2021 18:34 26