D.interview
- 3. METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION The various steps or strategies used to gathering and analyzing data in a research investigation are known as methods of data collection. The strategy or system used to gather information from participants and other elements of evaluations.
- 5. INTERVIEW The word interview comes from Latin and middle French words meaning to “see between” or “see each other”. Generally an interview means a meeting between people when questions are asked and answered. It is a two way communication process (interviewer& interviewee) or interaction in which the subject or interviewee gives the needs information. It provide the information about persons feeling, perception and attitude toward something.eg Job Interview
- 6. DEFINTION “An interview is any planed conversation with a specific purpose involving two or more people”. Thill and Bovee
- 7. PURPOSE OF INTERVIEW PURPOSE TO GATHER INFORMATION EMPLOYMENT GREATER DEPTH OF RESPONSE EVALUATION
- 8. TYPES OF INTERVIEW 1)Structured Interview/Directive interview 2)Unstructured Interview/non directive interview 3)Semi-Structured Interviews 4)Focused Group Interview 5)Telephonic Interview
- 9. 1)STRUCTURED INTERVIEW/DIRECTIVE INTERVIEW Structured interviews are defined as research tools that are extremely rigid in their operations A structured interview is typically formal and organized. Structured interviews are excessively used in survey research with the intention of maintaining uniformity throughout all the interview sessions
- 10. MERITS OF STRUCTURED INTERVIEW Since the structure of the interview is fixed it often generates reliable results and is quick to execute. They can be used to get in touch with a large sample of the target population. It increase the reliability of research data As preplanned questions so it will save time.
- 11. DEMERITS OF STRUCTURED INTERVIEW It tends to lose the spontaneity of natural setting. The scope of exploration of information of data is limited Respondents are forced to select from the provided answer options. A significant amount of time is required for a structured interview. The researcher is expected to always adhere to the list of decided questions irrespective of how interesting the conversation is turning out to be with the participants.
- 12. 2)UNSTRUCTURED INTERVIEW/NON DIRECTIVE INTERVIEW The unstructured interview is what the name implies. The only structure to the interview is the one that you provide. Basically, the interviewer is interested in hearing from you, so you may be asked a variety of different open ended questions. The main objective of most researchers using unstructured interviews is to build a bond with the respondents due to which there are high chances that the respondents will be 100% truthful with their answers.
- 13. MERITS AND DEMERITS Merits It becomes extremely easy for researchers to try and develop a friendly rapport with the participants this usually increases the flexibility of the entire research process. Demerits Time consuming in unnecessary data conversation There is no order of sequence This require more skills in the part of researcher The absence of a standardized set of questions and guidelines
- 14. 3)SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS This is a flexible kind of interview in which the questions can be molded according to the situation. Keeping the structure in mind, the researcher can follow any idea or take creative advantage of the entire interview. Additional respondent probing is always necessary to garner information for a research study.
- 15. MERITS & DEMERITS Merits It is flexible to an extent while maintaining the research guidelines. Reliable qualitative data can be collected via these interviews. Researchers can express the interview questions in the format they prefer, unlike the structured interview Demerits Comparing two different answers becomes difficult as the guideline for conducting interviews is not entirely followed
- 16. 4)FOCUSED GROUP INTERVIEW It is a unstructured group interview technique where 6-10 members are brought together having same demographic and socioeconomic characteristics under the guidance of trained interviewers to focus on a specific phenomenon. The interview analyze the subjective experience of the respondents. The duration is 1-2 hrs.
- 17. 5)TELEPHONIC INTERVIEW Telephonic interviews are widely used and easy to combine with online surveys to carry out research effectively. Merits It is more flexible and quick way of obtaining information. No field staff is required. Cost is less Demerits Survey is limited to the respondent having telephonic facilities Respondent’s facial expression, characteristics are not clearly observed Possibility of bias of interview is more.
- 19. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF INTERVIEW Advantages Opportunity for Feedback Probing Complex Answers Length of Interview High Participation High response rate Disadvantages Cost & time Lack of Anonymity Personal Style Global Considerations
- 20. SUMMARIZATION OF TOPIC Introduction of methods of data collection. Introduction and definition of interview Purposes of interview. Types of interview. Process of interview. Advantages and disadvantages of interview method.
- 22. REFERENCES Sharma, Suresh K. Nursing Research and Statistics. Second edition. Page no. 303 Sharma Kumar Dinesh, Communication and Educational Technology 2nd Edition, Lotus publishers, page no.115-116 Polit Beck, text book of Nursing Research 7th edition published by Wolters Kluwer pvt. Limited, page no,319 Bharat Pareek,Shivani Sharma text book of Introduction to research ,Pee Vee publishers, page no 138-140
- 23. THANK YOU