Distributed Collaborative Enterprise Modeling Tutorial @ CAiSE'07
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The document discusses collaborative and distributed enterprise modeling, emphasizing the need for shared meta models and standards to tackle common architecture challenges in organizations. It highlights the advantages of distributing architectural efforts to improve quality, accelerate processes, and foster buy-in from various stakeholders. The tutorial is backed by extensive experience in applying various frameworks across multiple industries since 1990.
Distributed Collaborative Enterprise Modeling Tutorial @ CAiSE'07
- 1. Collaborative, Distributed Enterprise Modeling a CAiSE 2007 Tutorial by Graham McLeod inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 2. Abstract Collaborative, Distributed Modeling (1.5 hrs) For too long the architecture effort in many organizations has been concentrated in the hands of a few experts, usually in a central location.This typically causes a bottleneck where architecture cannot keep pace with business change and where results are not effectively translated to action, making architecture an "ivory tower" exercise. In other cases, where work is done by various groups (e.g. process, applications, data, technical) it is extremely difficult to integrate the outputs/models of the various groups meaningfully and to achieve a coherent "big picture". Problems include scope, notation, nomenclature, naming, timing, ownership and language. This tutorial covers how these issues can be addressed by consistent, shared meta models, standards, education; distributing the architecture effort; and new tools which support distributed collaborative modeling. Advantages include: higher quality input and models; acceleration of the architecture effort and higher levels of buy-in across the organization leading to higher architectural compliance and associated benefits. Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 3. Agenda Challenges for Architects/Architecture in the Organization A Vision of Collaboration Enabling Collaboration Demonstration Exercises and Models Methods Tool Support Futures Questions Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 4. Background Work in Enterprise Architectures since 1990 Linking Strategy, Architectures, Programme Management, Delivery Methods Mixed Industry and Academic Experience with various frameworks, meta models and tools Zachman, Inspired, DoDAF/C4ISR Application in S.A., USA, UK, Australasia Banking, Assurance, Media, Healthcare, Retail, Communications, Government Particularly in high deadline pressure, distributed organizations Tool Support since 2000 Archi Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 5. How the EA Discipline has Evolved QUALITY RISK INTEGRATED FORMAL MODELS N PROGRAM O M TI A MGMT N AGE RA META MODEL AG SCENARIOS COST G EM TE COVER IN EN INDUSTRY STD PROCESS & T UR PROCESS STRUCTURE O G VIA ARTIFACTS RI PROCESS AGENDA AD HOC Time EA Time TO OL TECHNOLOGY NONE S INFORMATION AD HOC E OP SC APPLICATIONS CASE TYPE REPOSITORY ENTERPRISE INDUSTRY COLLABORATIVE MODELING Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 6. Challenges The Oracle at Delphi All knowledge collected at a central point One wise person who can provide answers Long trek to get there and long wait before you get an "answer" By the time you get back home you may have forgotten it, or it may no longer be the "correct" one! If you are the "oracle" it's a major stress Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 7. Challenges The Oracle at Delphi All knowledge collected at a central point One wise person who can provide answers Long trek to get there and long wait before you get an "answer" By the time you get back home you may have forgotten it, or it may no longer be the "correct" one! If you are the "oracle" it's a major stress Rowing in Circles Trying to do it all yourself Too busy to get perspective and maintain direction Too much work Very slow progress, if any... Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 8. Challenges The Oracle at Delphi All knowledge collected at a central point One wise person who can provide answers Long trek to get there and long wait before you get an "answer" By the time you get back home you may have forgotten it, or it may no longer be the "correct" one! If you are the "oracle" it's a major stress Rowing in Circles Trying to do it all yourself Too busy to get perspective and maintain direction Too much work Very slow progress, if any... A better scenario.. Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 9. Challenges.. Multiple Lenses The more eyes/hands/heads & formats information passes through before it reaches us, the more inaccurate it is likely to be Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 10. Challenges.. Multiple Lenses The more eyes/hands/heads & formats information passes through before it reaches us, the more inaccurate it is likely to be Geography and Time Zones Difficult to get information from all parts of the organization Difficult to get people to communicate in real time Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 11. Challenges... Integrating Perspectives Business, process, data, application, technical, risk, cost... Complicated by different ? notations, semantics, naming, categorisation, tools, formats Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 12. Challenges... Integrating Perspectives Business, process, data, application, technical, risk, cost... Complicated by different ? notations, semantics, naming, categorisation, tools, formats Identifying elements consistently Debtors DB vs Deb0010 Payroll vs QPac Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 13. Challenge Using the provided "framework" for a building As an individual Fill in the framework with the relevant information regarding your own home Roof Windows Door Electrical Food Walls Supply Heating Device Floor inspired! Foundation Copyright 2007 IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 14. Challenge Using the provided "framework" for a building As an individual Fill in the framework with the relevant information for this building Roof Windows Door Electrical Food Walls Supply Heating Device Floor inspired! Foundation Copyright 2007 IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 15. Challenge Using the provided "framework" for a building As a team Fill in the framework with the relevant information for this building Roof Windows Door Electrical Food Walls Supply Heating Device Floor Foundation Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 16. What can we learn from this? Seldom that one person has all the info Sometimes we just have a superficial understanding But at least we know "about" something - that it exists! Need a team Each knowledgable about their own area / environment / responsibility To put the whole picture together Can build the picture at various levels of detail.. Just lists of things Or including relationships Or detailed information about things Many attributes Or whole nested architectures Relationships are equally important to things Picture could be built incrementally as we discovered things Helps if we have consistent naming And access to what others have already done Definitions are really important What is a "Food Heating Device"? Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 17. Benefits of Collaboration Involvement of more perspectives and subject experts Higher quality input and models Distribution of effort and greater total effort applied Reduction of time to produce results Higher awareness and buy in of all relevant parts of the organization => higher architectural compliance Greater agility Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 18. The Web vs The Library Library Web Central Store Distributed One way of organizing content n ways of organizing, indexing, e.g. Dewey or Author linking content Specialist Personnel Domain expert personnel Limited Access Very Wide Access Location Anywhere Time Anytime Assistance Unaided Single presentation format Multiple presentation formats Limited search Powerful Search Dated Content Dynamic, Current Content Cool for researching the past Better for building the future Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 19. Like a Central Nervous System Multiple sensory organs Knowledgeable people in the organization and partners Filtering Based upon models of what we need and how it fits Storage & Memory Elements stored with rich content in repository Linking Rich connections make every item more meaningful Analysis Analysis adds meaning and new information Recall Rich query, search, reporting, formatting and output options Action Information and insights available to all other organs to respond appropriately Feedback Communication for how actions affect the world Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 20. Who to Involve Business Goals Scope of Activity Map onto Framework Coverage: Zachman Process: TOGAF Map onto Meta Model Inspired, C4ISR Depth (Abstraction vs Detail; Type vs Instance) Organization (& External) Responsibility Geography Timeframe Architecture view (current, horizon) Project Questions to be Answered Desired Outputs/Artifacts (Viewpoints) Who has knowledge? needs to be committed to result? will be affected by the result? can trip us up? has skills? can take decisions? Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 21. Managed Chaos Meta Models Vocabulary Taxonomy (Reference Frameworks) Authority Responsibility Review Notification Cathedral of Saint Vitus by Josef Sudek 1928 Status Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 22. Standards Naming Vital for consistency, searching, sorting, relating Minimum documentation (e.g. Description) One way to discourage "new" ones when they should be re-used Agreed Meta Model Absolutely vital to ensure: Agreed Process Coverage of required concepts and E.g. TOGAF ADM scope Agreed types and their meaning Notation Required relationships E.g. Archimate; BPMN (we do not Desired attributes recommend UML, except for Scope of a particular effort Data/Static Models) Integration of elements from diverse sources Only ensure a "minimal achievement level" Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 23. VITAL Role of Meta Model Architect = Conductor Meta Modeler = Arranger Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 24. Modeling at two levels of abstraction Meta Model Content Model Application Application Retail Transactional Banking Type Function categorises provided Logical categorises provided by by Physical part of part of Application Scenario BankMaster 2006 Optimistic Status Upgrade to Rel 3 Framework Provides User Defined Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 25. Meta Models Exist at Several Levels Organization Deals Business Rules Location occurs at gov ern initiates Partners Business responsible Event Business Process for Class Diagrams Decision Decision dealee Stakeholder Decision Decision triggers Step Step Step Step Step dealor is part of includes parts relates to supports dealee dealor Deal T ype received quote for dealee by monitored Model Item Business by dealor initiates uses/ Goal supplied by acquired by supports alters includes changes state of member of works for has associations uses/ is related to Decision Decision Decision Decision generates dealor is related to Supported Step Step Step Step Step Partn er by relates to B usiness Goal dealee complies with Busin ess Rule Stakeholder Type SubProcess Business Key is related to is responsibility of Object Indicators is related to is governed by is partly produced by triggered by is related to Business affects is related to Communication triggered by A rchitecture Scenario used produces by K ey Indicato r COBIT IT Resou rce Type Application relates to is responsible for prov ides is responsible for is responsible for includes parts occurs at Business Function Locatio n Resource is part of C OBIT C ontro l Objective uses resource includes parts has control controls governs is affected by accomodates applicable to prone to Product/Service is supported by supports supports occurs at supports precedes occurs at governs has control is usesof part controls is supported by has control is used by Business Process supports R isk Type User T yp e is supported by follows owns Conceptual Picture Models System Functio n ITIL C ontro l owns C OB IT Informatio n C riterion C OB IT Domain m onitors secondary criteria is part of supplies acquires uses outputs inputs output from input to input to is used by supports controls owned by is supportedfrom output by governs triggers responsible for criterion for criterion for output by input tofrom is secondary primary inputs includes parts is used monitors exhibited by includes includes parts monitored by produces primary criterion governs Pro duct-Service Category included in accom odates follows Resource Type is part of as sists in delivering categorised by categorises A ctivity Type Assessment Process Activity precedes is used by includes parts application is altered by quote employsm em bers has Artifact implemented by relates to is part of is supported by outputs inputs is supported by is responsibility of writes prefers input to inputs supports belongs to outputs Busin ess Commu nication is related to Resource U sag e owns App licatio n System output from relates to has relates to Activity Sequence Person is part of ow ns uses uses fulfilled by written by Mo del is governed by has m em bers includes parts owned by monitored by employs employs Bu siness Object Person Role Ro le uses dealor owns owned by is associated with w orks responsibility of governs is part of fulfills has m em bers is for accom odates is governed by dealee includes parts (partially) implements is governed by Data Collection governs is responsibility of is used by owned by dealor Business U nit is associated with supports maps to has associations triggers dealee is produced by owns is supported by triggers is governed by B usiness Objective relates to triggered by ow ned by parts includes works for ow ned by outputs is part of is responsibility of Customer T ype triggered by is responsible for B usiness Event member of is associated with member of is preferred by triggered by triggers triggers Activity Outcome has associations Fully Attributed Models Realised in dealee de lor a i s p rt o f a i n cl u d e p a t s rs re l a s t te o d e a o ra e e de l l De a l Ty pe q u te fo r o de lee a Mode l Ite m deal r o i n ti a t s i e s uppiedby l a cq u i re d b y s u p p rts o a l t rs e me m b e o f r wo rk s fo r h a a ss o ci a ti n s s o i s re a te d to l deal r o i s re l a t d to e Pa rtne r re l te s to a B usine s s Goa l dealee co m p l e s w i h i t Bus ine s s R ule St a e holde r Ty pe k i s re l a t d to e EA Repository i s re s p o s i b l i y o f n i t i s re l a d to te i g o ve rn e d b y s i s p a rtl y p ro d u ce d b y tri g g e re b y d i s re l a d to te a c ts ffe i s re l a d to te A rc hi e ture Sc e na rio t c t i g e re d b y rg Ke y Indic tor a CO BIT IT Re s ourc e Ty pe r e a te s to l i s re s p o n i b e fo r s l i re sp o n s i l e fo r s b in lud s pa c e rts i re sp o n si b l e fo r s o c cu rs at Bus ine s s Func tion Loc a tion i s p a rt o f C OBIT C ontrol Obje c tive u se s re so u rc e i s a ffe cte d sn tro l c c o o d a tro l s g o v e n i n c l sd e b y a rts h u co p a a m c o te s n a p l i ca b l to p e p ro n to e i s su r p o rt d b y p s e s u p o rts p s u p o rts p o c cu rs a t s u p o rts p p re ce d e s o cc u rs a t g o v e rn s h a s co n tro l i s u s etro l s c on of p a rt i s s u p o rte d b y p has c on l tro i u se d b y s s Bus ine s Proc e s s s s upports Ris k Type Us e r Ty pe i su p p o rte b y s d fo l o ws o n w s Sy s te m Fu tion nc ITIL C ontrol o wn s C OB T Inform a tion Cr t e o n I i ri CO BIT Dom a in m o n i o rs t se cp n d a ry cri te ri i s o rt o f a a su p p l i s e a c q i re s u u es s o i n p ts u tp u i s s u po u rte d fro po ut by oi stpu se f t m u i u t u ob n p r to d y s c o n t rtss uppr o o l ow n d by e tp m tri g g e s re p osne cb l e fo r c ri te i n fo r rs s i g o o d a ry n si ve rn s r o ry o p u u to b y i n tp t e fro m p ri m a c ri e ri o n fo r t i p u ts n i n cl u d e s p a rts i su s t u d p ro d u e s c e xh i b i e d rs y mo t i to b n in lud s c e i n c l d e s p a rts u m o n i t re d b y o g o e rn s v P roduc t-Se rv ic C a gory e te p ri a ry cri te ri n m o inc l dedin u a c o mo d a te c s f l l o ws o R esour c Ty pe e a s si s ts i n d ei l i p a rt gf sv e ri n o c a t g o ri se d b y e ca te g o ri A st i ity Ty pe s ec v A s essme s nt Proc e s s Ac tivity p re c e e s d i n c i sd e sep a rts l us dby u i a p l i ca ti o s a l p re d te te q u o b n y e m p o y sme m b e rs las h A rtifa c t i m p e m e te d b y l r e a te s to l i n p a rt o f s i s su p p o rte b y d opuu i u tp tsts n i s su p p o rte b y d i re sp o n si b i l ty o f s i p re f rs e wri tes i p u t to n i p u ts n o tp u ts u Bus ine s s C om munic a tion i re l te d tosu p p o s a rts belo gs t n o R e ourc e Us a ge s o wn s o tp u t f o m u r Applic ation Sy s te m h a a te s to rel s re l te s to a Ac tiv i y Se que nc e t Pe rs on i s p rt o f a o wn s u se se s us fu l fi l e d b y l wri tte n b y M ode l is gov e ed by rn h a m e mb e rs s i c l u e s p rts n d a o wn e d b y mo n i to e e b p l o s r dm y y em poy s l Bus ine s s O bje ct Pe rs onRole R ole us es i s a ss o ci a te wi th d d alor e o wn o wn s e d by h s m e b e rs a m wo rks fo rp o n i b i i ty o f i s res s l g v e rn a c c o o d a s o s m te i p a rt o f s fu l fi l s l i g o ve rn e d b y s deaee l i c l d e s p a rts n u (p a rti l l y) i m p l m e n a e ts i g o ve rn e d b y s D a Colle c tion ta g o ve rn s is us edby s p ns i iliy of i s re o b t o wn e d b y de lor a Bus ine s Unit s i s a s o i a t d wi th s c e su p p o rts m a p s to dealee h a s a ss o c i ti o s a n i s s u p o rte d b tri g g e g e p y tri g rs i ss g ro e rn e d b y i p v du e b o c d y Bus ine s s O bje c e tiv o ns w re a te s to tri g g re s b y l e d r o w n u d bsy p a rt i n cl d e e s w o rks fo r o wn e d b y o u u ts tp i s p rt o f a t i g e re d b yo n i b i i ty o f r g is r e p s l s Cus tom e Ty r pe i re s p n s i l e f r s o b o Bus ine s Ev e nt s i s a s so c i a d wi th te m e mb e r o f m e mb e r o f i s p re fe rre d b y tri g e re d b g y tri g g ers tri g e rs g Ac tiv ity O utc om e h a a ss o ci a ti o s s n Copyright 2007 inspired! 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- 26. Business Architecture Excerpt Business Project Business Event Communication relates to is altered by outputs inputs includes parts includes parts occurs at Business Process triggered by Location triggers is supported by is part of includes parts uses Business Object Organisation owned by Unit includes parts Application Service System Software Business is supported by Service Goal includes parts Business Function/ is supported by Business Service Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 27. Information Architecture Excerpt DBMS - File System Data Collection Type is used by is an instance of Subject Area Application System uses Data Collection implements includes includes parts role of contains is responsible for Physical Platform hosts governs Business Object specialises references is used by Organisation Business Process Application Person/Role Unit System Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 28. Applications Architecture Excerpt Organisation owns provides Application Service categorises supplied by Interface Type Application Type Vendor categorises is used by includes parts provided by Business Object requires Interface Application System System Software Service used by Data Collection is part of is partly produced by produces Project Development Tool DBMS - File System is responsible for occurs at Person/Role Location served by runs on User Group Physical Platform Platform Type Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 29. Technical Architecture Excerpt Organisation Unit occurs at owns Location is responsibility of Physical Platform Person/Role accommodates Development Data Collection Application System Tool System Software provides categorises hosts hosts hosted by Development Tool DBMS - File System Platform Type Type System Software Service provides Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 30. Aspects of a Business BUSINESS OBJECTIVES CLIENTS, MARKETS PRODUCTS/SERVICES PROCESSES ORGANISATION/ CHANNELS INFORMATION SYSTEMS Hello, TECHNICAL everyone! INFRASTRUCTURE Hello, everyone! Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 31. Aspects Coordinated PROCESSES SYSTEMS PRODUCTS/SERVICES INFORMATION TECHNICAL CLIENTS, MARKETS INFRASTRUCTURE BUSINESS ORGANISATION/ OBJECTIVES CHANNELS Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 32. Role of Ontologies and Reference Models Ontology ..seeks to describe or posit the basic categories and relationships of being or existence to define entities and types of entities within its framework Wikipedia Reference Models (e.g. TOGAF TAM) Provide basic categories and interrelationships for organizing architecture knowledge e.g. Kinds of application systems; kinds of system software; kinds of data Extremely useful in Providing (a relatively small number of) logical or abstract categories to help us understand the (relatively large numbers of) architecture elements ALSO to act as a check list when we are looking for architecture elements e.g. What applications do we have for Supplier Management; What Multimedia data do we store; What Security Related system software do we have... Can provide a language independent reference system Very important in multi nationals with multiple language communities Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 33. Process Identify Participants & Roles Educate Participants Deploy Mechanism/Tools A Collect Lists B Use prepopulated taxonomies to accelerate C Use pre-existing lists, models and documents D Possible use of automated collection (but E beware glut of meaningless data) ... CAiSE'08 Organization Left side of room: List 5 Business Goals & 5 Business Events that you would need to deal with Right side of room: List 5 Business Objects & 5 Business Processes required Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 34. Process... Identify Participants & Roles Educate Deploy Mechanism A Collect Lists ..B Use prepopulated taxonomies to accelerate C Use pre-existing lists, models and documents ..D Possible use of automated collection (but ..E beware glut of meaningless data) Organize into Hierarchies Describe CAiSE'08 Organization In a small group, collect 10-12 Elements of a type (e.g. Business Process). See if it is meaningful to rationalise these and arrange in a hierarchy Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 35. Process... Identify Participants & Roles Educate Deploy Mechanism A Collect Lists ..B Use prepopulated taxonomies to C 1 accelerate ..D ..1.1 Use pre-existing lists, models and documents ..E 2 Possible use of automated collection (but ..2.1 beware glut of meaningless data) ..2.2 Organize into Hierarchies Describe Link Across Types CAiSE'08 Organization OK, lets see how these could be related across the two groups.. Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 36. Process... Identify Participants & Roles Educate Deploy Mechanism A Collect Lists ..B Organize into Hierarchies C 1 Describe ..D ..1.1 Link Across Types ..E 2 Verify ..2.1 ..2.2 Enhance Detail 2.2 Name Expand Attributes Prop1 xxxx Decompose Prop2 123 456 Enhance Abstraction Prop3 abc Plan Forward CAiSE'08 Organization - Demonstrate Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 37. Role of Repository and Tooling Framework Provides lense thru which to Artifacts view Stakeholders Model Types Define structure, content and User notation for artifacts/Viewpoints Interfaces Guidance Meta Model Defines and relates all required concepts, drives capture and viewing interfaces Content Models Framework EA Method Express the architecture e.g. TOGAF ADM content (FEAF) EA Method Guides stakeholders and Framework facilitates the process (Zachman) Tool Provides facilities to capture, edit, store, relate, model, report, Tool search, analyse and share ModelTypes ModelTypes Repository Meta Model External Artifacts Content Models Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 38. Product Architecture Architects System Admin Strategist Program/Project Mgr Analysts and Modelers Meta Modeler Desktop In Browser Web Products Graphical Client OLE e.g. Visio Modeler DESKTOP DESKTOP APPLIC. APPLIC. COM+ Requestor e.g. Word, Excel HTML HTTP/S XML Lan or WWW External External Web Server External Pages Pages Pages CGI Graphical Modeling Interface System Settings Archi/Webmodeler Server Templates Meta Model SQL Managed Managed Relational DBMS User Managed Models Documents Copyright 2007 Directories inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 39. Tool Support Adapt Meta Model Standard Enhance for Goals Reduce for Scope Also as the project progresses... Assign Responsibilities Person vs Model Fragment vs Role Capture Lists What have we got Naming Standards Organize Hierarchies Natural e.g. Organization; Geography Abstraction e.g. Process Hierarchy; Service Hierarchy; Application Types Could be multiple for a type Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 40. Tool Support... Link Across Types Relate, Cross Reference Search/filter and link May be data about relationship too.. Build Graphical Model Enhance Detail Populate required attributes per type Decompose Event Notification Who has done something of interest to me? What data has arrived? Communication News Threads Wiki Features Difference Identification Across Time (Delta Browser) Between Models (Difference Models in GM) Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 41. Tool Support... Sharing outputs Browsing the "knowledge space" Reports, Generated Documents Anonymous Access, Portal, Web Sites Feed to other tools e.g. CSV to Excel, XML to analysis tools Star Schema to DSS tools Web + Repository + Meta Model + View Points Capture Templates/Forms Reports Matrices Graphical Models + Security + Open Exchange Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 42. Futures Virtual Whiteboarding Video Conferencing 3D Spaces geoDec Miramar Croquet Research Advanced meta modeling techniques Collaborative modeling in virtual spaces What we can learn from online games e.g. Spore from Will Wright Emergence Where architectures connect themselves from elements endowed with behaviour and rules "The best way to predict the future is to invent it" inspired! Alan Kay Copyright 2007 IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 43. References Archimate information at: http://www.telin.nl/index.cfm?project=ArchiMate&language=en Croquet Consortium http://www.opencroquet.org Inspired, Enterprise Architecture Frameworks http://www.inspired.org Inspired, Archi Tool Architecture, internal documentation Intel, Miramar project http://developer.intel.com/technology/itj/index.htm Open Group, Togaf 8.1.1 Enterprise Edition, http://www.opengroup.org University of Southern California, geoDec project http://infolab.usc.edu/projects/geodec/index.jsp Wikipedia, http://www.wikipedia.com Zachman Framework info, Zachman Institute for Framework Advancement, http://www.zifa.org Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools
- 44. Contact Graham McLeod graham@inspired.org +27 82 578 1834 Inspired www.inspired.org +27 21 531 5404 Copyright 2007 inspired! IT Consulting Training Research Tools