onkar khamgal ppt on drip irrigation

1
A SEMINAR ON:.
PIPE DISTRIBUTION THROUGH
DRIP IRIGATION.
UNDER GUIDENCE OF.:
Prof. PINGALE N.P.
BY:
:DEOKATE NILESH P.

CONTENT
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 Introduction
 Components of drip irrigation system
 Types of drip irrigation system
 Field of application
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Economics of installing drip system
 Case studies
 Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
 The main objective of practicing agriculture is to
produce optimum yields which in turn is the
product of interaction between adequately supplied
growth factors.
 Irrigation may be defined as the process of
supplying water to land by artificial means for
the purpose of cultivation.
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Also known as trickle or micro or localized irrigation, drip irrigation is a
method that saves water and fertilizer by allowing water to drip slowly to the
plant roots, either onto the soil surface or directly onto the root zone
,through a network of valves, pipes, tubing and emitters.
In 1964,Symcha Blass ,an Israeli engineer developed the first patented
drip irrigation system.
In the world, USA has the large area under drip irrigation.In India, drip
system is adopted in states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
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DEFINATION OF DRIP IRIGATION:

 Pumping set
 Filtration system
 Main lines
 Submain lines
 Laterals
 Emitters
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PIPE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF DRIP
IRIGATION

PUMP
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To create a pressure of about 2.5kg/sq cm to regulate the amount of
water to be supplied.
HEAD : The water lifted from the source of supply is stored in a head
tank ,usually 3*3*3 m size, resting on a raised platform to maintain
pressure head about 4 to 5 m.

FILTRATION SYSTEM
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 To filter the water in order to remove the suspended particles(impurities)
in water.
 Filtration of irrigation water is essential to prevent clogging of emitters
which can be a major problem in the drip system.
 It is of two types;
 SCREEN(MESH) FILTER
 SAND FILTER

MAIN LINES
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 It is a distribution system in drip system. Rigid PVC and high density
polyethylene pipes are used as main pipes to minimize corrosion and
clogging.
 Pipes of 65mm diameter and with pressure rating of 4 to 10 kg/sq.cm
are used.

SUBMAIN LINES
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 The submain distributes the same discharge to all the laterals fitted to it.
 It is usually connected to the main lines through a control valve assembly.
 Usually pipes of 25 to 50 mm diameter and length are used.

EMITTERS
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 These connect to the tubing and deliver water at a slow, consistent
rate.
 The drippers discharge about 2-4 lt /hour
 Spacing of the dripper is based on Intra row spacing.
 It is of two types;
o POINT SOURCE
o LINE SOURCE

ADJUSTABLE 360 DEGREE DRIPPER 13

TYPES OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
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 SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM : The water is applied by the
laterals and drippers present on the soil surface.

 SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM : The laterals are buried
below the soil. The water is directly supplied to the root zone of the plants.
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 SPRAY IRRIGATION: Supply water as a small spray, mist or
fog to the soil surface.
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 PULSE IRRIGATION: Supplies water in series of pulses or
discharges with an interval of 5, 10 or 15 minutes.
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OVERALL VIEW OF A DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

FIELD OF APPLICATION
Drip irrigation is useful for crops like ;
 FRUIT CROPS
Banana,Grapes,Citrus,Pomegranate,Pineapple,Papaya,Watermelon,Sweet
lime , Mango
 VEGETABLE CROPS
Cabbage,cauliflower,Okra,Potato,Tomato,Onion,Chilli,Radish,Brinjal,French
bean, Capsicum,Bhendi,Beans,Carrot,Cucumber,Bottle gourd,Gherkins
 COMMERCIAL CROPS
Sugarcane , Cotton, Groundnut
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ADVANTAGES
 Simplicity
 Low pumping needs
 Automation
 Adaptation
 Joint management of irrigation
 Reduced water use etc.,
DISADVANTAGES
 Requires an economic investment
 Requires maintenance and high quality water
 Leak repair
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CONCLUSION
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 Drip irrigation is a sub surface method of irrigating water with higher
water demands in arid region.
 It may not be applicable to all farms.
 Drip irrigation increase yields.

REFERNCES:
 EFFICIENT USE OF IRRIGATION WATER – G.H.SHANKA REDDY,
T.YELLAMANDA REDDY
 INTERNET SOURCES
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onkar khamgal ppt on drip irrigation

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onkar khamgal ppt on drip irrigation