Energy Efficient Buildings Codes
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This document discusses energy efficient buildings and standards in the UK. It outlines that 32% of total energy is consumed by buildings for uses like heating and cooling. UK standards have tightened over time, with regulations in 1965 setting a maximum U-value of 1.33 W/m2K, lowering to 0.3 W/m2K in 2014. Voluntary standards like the Code for Sustainable Homes assess areas like energy use, materials, and health. Passivhaus is also discussed as an informal standard requiring super insulation and high performance windows. Building envelopes play a key role in meeting standards by reducing heat loss through high performance insulation.
Energy Efficient Buildings Codes
- 1. Energy efficient Buildings codes UK Standard of Buildings fabrics Dr Sultan Sanat Alotaibi
- 2. Outlines • Energy efficient buildings • Buildings Energy Efficiency Standards –UK • Standards of Buildings Fabrics • Building Regulations. • Code of Sustainable Homes • Passivhaus • Summary
- 3. • World concerns about energy demand and carbon emission • 32% of final total energy is consumed by residential and commercial buildings, and 25% of total energy- related CO2. • Residential space heating accounts for roughly 25% of all energy consumption in the building sector 25% 11% 5% 3%10% 10% 10% 5% 7% 14% Global Energy Consumption in Buildings Sector residentional space heating residentioanl water heating residentional cooling and ventilation residentional lighting residentional cooking residentional appliances and other services space heating services water heating services cooling and ventilation services lighting and other introduction
- 4. Energy efficient buildings • An energy efficient building is a structure that successfully incorporates into its design the environmentally responsible and energy preserving elements. • Energy efficient buildings usually have relatively high level of performance when it comes to the areas of environment, the economy, and the engineering concepts (Chlela, Husaunndee et al. 2009, Samer 2013).
- 5. Energy efficient Buildings elements • There is no widely accepted, all-encompassing list of elements that comprise a typical energy efficient building. However, there are a number of common elements that are considered by the majority of scholars
- 6. Energy efficient Buildings elements • One classification is provided in below figure and includes six major elements: building design, high efficient fabrics, ventilation system eco equipment, renewable energy and air tightness.
- 7. Buildings Energy Efficiency Standards -UK • In recent years, many developed countries have introduced programmes directed at decreasing energy consumption and improving carbon performance of buildings. • In the UK which is our case study in this presentation, energy efficiency standards for buildings were first introduced by the 1965 Building Regulations.
- 8. Buildings regulations-UK • The Regulations established the maximum amount of energy loss available for new house fabrics. • The first standard was based on U-value measurement and was set equivalent to 1.33 W/m2K or lower. • Several revisions of the standards have been applied, mostly directed at reducing the required U-value.
- 9. Buildings regulations-UK • The most aggressive changes towards tightening of the energy efficiency requirements came in 2006. • they were mostly related to the new energy policy aiming at substantial reductions in energy use and emissions in buildings: by 60% before 2050 and by 80% before 2100
- 10. Buildings regulations-UK Building Element Standard U-Values in 1965 (W/m2K) Standard U-Values in 1995 (W/m2K) Standard U-Values in 2006 (W/m2K) Standard U-Values in 2014* (W/m2K) Wall 1.7 0.45 0.35 0.3 Roof 1.4 0.25 0.25 0.2 Floor - 0.45 0.25 0.25 Window - 3.3 2.0 2.0
- 12. Code of Sustainable Homes (CSH) • Besides the compulsory prescriptions by the Building Regulations, several voluntary standards for buildings are applied in the UK. The Code for Sustainable Homes 2006 is the primary recommending framework for environmental and energy sustainability of buildings.
- 13. Code of Sustainable Homes (CSH) • The Code includes nine areas where corresponding practices can be carried out: • Energy and CO2: the required operating energy and the level of emissions; • Water: saving measures for both internal and external water sources; • Surface water run-off: management of possible water runoffs and flood risks; • Materials: the presence of eco-friendly and sustainable materials in home construction; • Waste: recyclable waste storage;
- 14. Code of Sustainable Homes (CSH) • Pollution: the contribution of heating or cooling systems and insulation materials to global warming; • Ecology: effect on ecologic conditions of the area where building is constructed; • Health: contribution to wellbeing of the tenants, including provision of good quality daylight, audio insulation, sufficient private space, ease of accessibility and adaptability; • Management: security and maintenance of the building to avoid possible risks.
- 15. • In general, both prescriptive and voluntary standards for buildings in the UK dictate the development of higher standards for thermal insulation and, consequently, search for novel ways to reduce energy consumption in buildings. • Notably, while the CSH was initially developed as a non-mandatory set of rules, its certain provisions are finding way into the obligatory legislation. • Figure below shows how certain provisions for energy efficiency and CO2 emissions in the Code are becoming mandatory over time.
- 16. As the Figure demonstrates, the government’s goal is to implement Level 6 as a mandatory practice for all new buildings in 2016. This compulsory heat loss parameter standard is quite high, which places a lot of burden and expectation demands on the building envelope in the form of insulation as well as glazing and shading.
- 17. Level 3 Example of buildings applying Level6 of CSH
- 20. Passivhaus • The Code for Sustainable Homes is closely related to another informal initiative for energy savings in buildings, which is known as PassivHaus. • PassivHaus is a set of prescriptive non-mandatory regulations for buildings in terms of emissions and energy consumption. • The concept was proposed by a Swedish-German duo of scientists Bo Adamson and Wolfgang Heist with the first projects emerging in the 1990s.
- 21. Passivhaus • A typical PassivHaus project considers such factors as passive solar design and landscape, super-insulation, advanced window technology, airtightness, state-of-the-art ventilation systems, novel space heating and lighting and electrical appliances. • buildings constructed under PassivHaus standards are estimated at 8-10% more expensive than regular homes, although these costs are easily covered in the long term due to energy savings.
- 22. • Thermogramme of a PassiveHaus building in comparison to a regular buildings to show the differences in heat losses. In the UK, Passivhaus
- 23. CSH VS Passivhaus Building element CSH level 1/2 CSH level 3 CSH level4 CSH level 5/6 Passivhaus External wall, U-value (W/m2K) 0.3 0.26 0.2 0.1 ≤0.15 Floor, U-value (W/m2K) 0.22 0.19 0.14 0.1 ≤0.15 Roof, U-value (W/m2K) 0.22 0.19 0.14 0.1 ≤0.15 Windows, glazed doors, U-value (W/m2K) 2 1.6 1.2 0.8 ≤0.8 Air permeability at test pressure difference at 50Pa, m3/(m2h) 3 1 ≤0.6
- 24. Summary • This presentation mentioned to the low energy buildings and energy efficiency standards in UK. Building envelope (fabrics) plays an important role to control indoor environments, which will reduce the energy consumption and improve the level of comfort for its users. • Improving performance buildings fabrics is the first step to meet the regulations and standards of efficient buildings. • Reducing the heat loss through fabrics by using high performance of insulation materials will have a direct effect on energy usage in a building. 35 % of heat escapes through walls.
- 25. Thank you