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© 2013 MEED Insight
6 October, Dubai
Presented by Ed James
Director of Content & Analysis, MEED
Projects
Edward.james@meed.com
@EdJamesMEED #MENARail
GCC mainline network projects
Surveying the GCC rail and metro market opportunity
© 2013 MEED Insight
All the project information in this presentation
is sourced from MEED Projects
MEED Projects is a Middle East, North and East Africa project tracking platform. It has two
major functions; it is a business development tool to help you find new business
opportunities and an analysis tool so you can assess the feasibility of potential new markets
and projects.
5 key reasons to sign up for a demo:
• Identify new business opportunities from over 10,050 active projects worth over $4.1 trillion
• Improve performance in current markets and evaluate new markets with 20 countries covered
• Build the right company relationships using our database of over 11,200 companies on live projects
• Target over 18,000 key decision makers ahead of your competitors
• Forecast market developments by country and project type to inform your strategic planning
2 © 2014 MEED Projects
The global rail industry - 2013
© 2014 MEED Projects
Rank Country Name Length of operational track (km)
1United States 228,218
2Russian Federation 84,249
3China 66,298
4India 64,460
5Canada 52,002
6Germany 33,509
7France 30,013
8Brazil 29,817
9Mexico 26,704
10Argentina 25,023
11Iran, Islamic Rep. 8,368
18Egypt, Arab Rep. 5,195
20Algeria 4,691
22Sudan 4,313
41Tunisia 2,165
42Syrian Arab Republic 2,139
43Iraq 2,138
45Morocco 2,109
53Saudi Arabia 1,412
63Mauritania 728
67Jordan 509
Total global 993,211
Source: World Bank
Length of MENA rail
3
Source: MEED Insight
© 2014 MEED Projects
Length of existing and planned tracks (km)
Existing Planned
Bahrain 0 245
Kuwait 1.2 >500
Oman 0 >2,500
Qatar 0 >750
Saudi Arabia 2,415 >10,000
UAE 324 >1,200
Afghanistan <100 >1,500
Jordan 509 897
Lebanon 0 0
Gaza/West Bank 14 473
Algeria 4,691 7,105
Egypt 5,195 2,111
Libya 0 3,104
Mauritania 728 430
Morocco 2,109 1,526
Sudan 1,566 3,143
South Sudan 248 492
Tunisia 2,165 894
Western Sahara 5 0
Total 19,970 >36,000
Market size
4
Value of MENA rail projects planned or under construction ($m)
Source: MEED Projects
© 2014 MEED Projects
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
Design
Execution
Main Contract Bid
Main Contract PQ
Study
A total of $427bn worth of rail
projects planned or under
construction in the MENA region
Rail projects
5
Top 20 largest rail and metro projects awarded and under execution in the Middle East
Source: MEED Projects
© 2014 MEED Projects
Project Country Value ($m) Year
ADA - Riyadh Light Rail Transit (Riyadh Metro): Lines 1 & 2 KSA 9,289 2013
SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 2 KSA 8,396 2011
ADA - Riyadh Light Rail Transit (Riyadh Metro): Lines 4, 5 & 6 KSA 7,820 2013
ADA - Riyadh Light Rail Transit (Riyadh Metro): Line 3 KSA 5,942 2013
QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Systems, Rolling Stock and Track Work Qatar 4,129 2015
TUSRC - Tehran Metro : Line 6 Iran 4,000 2006
TUSRC - Tehran Metro : Line 7 Iran 4,000 2006
QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Gold Line: Tunneling Works Qatar 3,300 2014
SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 1: Package 1 (Civil
Works) KSA 2,871 2009
QRAIL - QIRP: LRT: Lusail Light Rail: Phase 2 Qatar 2,722 2014
QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Green Line: Tunneling & Main Stations Works Qatar 2,520 2013
QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Red Line North: Tunneling Works Qatar 2,184 2013
ANESRIF - Oued Tlelat to Akid Abbès : Phase 1 Algeria 1,815 2007
IIRR - Mashad to Chabahar Railway Line Iran 1,800 2011
ANESRIF - Oued Tlelat to Akid Abbès : Phase 2 Algeria 1,633 2010
Ministry of Roads & Urban Development - Arak-Kermanshah-Khosravi Iran 1,500 2014
QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Red Line South: Tunneling Works Qatar 1,500 2013
ANESRIF - Relizane - Tiaret - Tissemsilt Railway Line Algeria 1,300 2010
SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 1: Package 2 KSA 1,287 2011
SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 1: Package 2 ( KSA 1,267 2011
Top contractors
6
Source: MEED Projects
Top 10 MENA Contractors Based on Rail Work Under Execution ($m)
© 2014 MEED Projects
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
Yapi Merkezi
Samsung C&T
Al Rajhi Holding Group
Impregilo
Siemens
Almabani
Cosider Groupe
Larsen & Toubro
Bechtel Corporation
Consolidated Contractors
Top future projects
7
Source: MEED Projects
Top 15 selected future rail projects in the MENA region
© 2014 MEED Projects
Project Country Value ($m)Status
SRO - Riyadh Dammam High-Speed Rail Saudi Arabia 14,000Study
TUSRC - Tehran Metro: Line 8, 9 and Four Express Lines Iran 10,000Study
Eastern Province Municipality - Dammam Metro Saudi Arabia 9,000Study
Jeddah Metro Company - Jeddah Metro: Orange & Blue
Lines Saudi Arabia 8,000Main Contract PQ
KAPP - Kuwait National Rail Road : Phase 1 Kuwait 8,000Study
Ministry of Transportation - Light Rail Network Bahrain 7,900Study
KAPP - Kuwait City Metropolitan Rapid Transit Kuwait 7,000Study
SAR - Saudi Landbridge Saudi Arabia 7,000Design
QRAIL - QIRP: Passenger & Freight Rail Qatar 5,500Main Contract PQ
Musanada - Abu Dhabi Metro UAE 5,100Main Contract PQ
QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro : Phase 2 Qatar 5,000Study
SRO - Yanbu Jeddah Jizan and Taif Khamis Mushayt Abha
Rails Saudi Arabia 4,200Study
Mecca Municipality - Mecca Metro: Line A Saudi Arabia 4,000Study
Mecca Municipality - Mecca Metro: Line D Saudi Arabia 4,000Study
Mecca Municipality - Mecca Metro: Phase 1 (Lines B, C):
Part 1: Package 3 (SYS) Saudi Arabia 3,547Main Contract Bid
Top future clients
8
Source: MEED Projects
Top 10 MENA rail clients by value of planned projects ($m)
© 2014 MEED Projects
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000
T.C. Devlet Demiryollari (TCDD)
Jeddah Metro Company
Egypt Ministry of Transport
Qatar Rail Company
Saudi Railways Organisation
Kuwait Authority for Partnership Projects
Mecca Municipality
Oman Rail
Agence Nationale d'Etudes et de la Realisation
des Investissements Ferroviaires
Iraq Ministry of Transport
The GCC Railway
9
Source: LGV Maroc
The GCC Railway network
© 2014 MEED Projects
States Length of GCC line (KM)
Kuwait 145
Bahrain 36
Qatar 283
Oman 306
UAE 684
Saudi Arabia 663
Total 2117
Kuwait – the only PPP system
10
Source: MEED
Kuwait planned rail network
© 2014 MEED Projects
The Kuwait National Rail Road
System will be an integrated rail
network with 511 kilometers double
track total length.
The mainline system will serve
freight and passengers and will
have a 120 km/hr regional lines
speed and a 200 km/hr high speed.
The project will be implemented as
a build, operate, and transfer (BOT)
agreement. The project is currently
in the feasibility study phase.
11 © 2014 MEED Projects
Long distance rail
© 2014 MEED ProjectsSource: MEED; QRail
 Contractor groups
prequalified for phase 1
DB contract
 Tender expected to be
issued early 2016
 Tender issued for PMC
contract
Qatar mainline
12
Source: MEED Projects
© 2014 MEED Projects
Prequalified contractor groups
• Acciona Infraestructuras, S.A.- Consolidated Contractors Group S.A.L. (CCC)- Tecnimont S.p.A- Teyseer
Contracting Company W.L.L. Joint Venture
• Al Habtoor Leighton LLC- Dragados, S. A.- Al Jaber Trading & Contracting Co. W.L.L. Joint Venture
• Archirodon .- China Communications Construction Company Ltd.- Contraco W.L.L. Joint Venture
• Astaldi S.p.A.- Al Jaber Engineering Company LLC- Samsung C&T Corporation Joint Venture
• China Railway Signal & Communication Corporation Limited- China Railway 11 Bureau Group Corporation-
China Railway Engineering Consulting Group Co., Ltd.- MAN Enterprise Qatar W.L.L. Joint Venture
• Daewoo Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd- Rizzani de Eccher S.p.A.- Redco International Trading &
Contracting WLL Joint Venture
• Eiffage- Six Construct Limited- Midmac Contracting Co. W.L.L. Joint Venture
• FCC Construccion, S.A.- Qatar Building Company, JLC- Yuksel Insaat A.S. Joint Venture
• Ferrovial Agroman, S.A.- Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.- Al Jaber and Partners-
Construction & Energy Projects (WLL) Joint Venture
• Grupo Isolux Corsan, S.A.- Cooperative Muratori & Cementisti - C.M.C di Ravenna Societa Cooperativa-
Construction Development Company LLC (CDC) Joint Venture
• ITINERA S.p.A.- China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation- SAIPEM S.p.A.- International Trading
and Contracting Company O.P.C. Joint Venture
• PORR Bau GmbH- HBK Contracting Co. W.L.L. - China Railway Construction Corporation Joint Venture
• QD-SBG Group W.L.L – Yapi Merkezi Insaat VE Sanayi A.S. Joint Venture
• Salini Impregilo S.p.A.- SK Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.- Galfar Al Misnad Engineering &
Contracting W.L.L Joint Venture
• Sinohydro Corporation Limited- JHJ International Trading & Contracting WLL Joint Venture
KSA – the most advanced of the GCC states
13
Source: SRO
© 2014 MEED Projects
Etihad Rail
14
Source: MEED Projects
© 2014 MEED Projects
Etihad Rail – phase 2
15 © 2014 MEED Projects
Timeline
 Bids for the design build of the five main packages were submitted in December 2012
 After more than 2 years of evaluation and bid bond extensions, the process was cancelled
 Bids were re-invited in four main packages this summer, but this time without a specific package for the
line to Al-Ain. An addendum for this segment was later provided to the prequalifiers during the bid
preparation process
 Bids submitted in September 2015, with no group understood to have submitted an option for the
addendum option
 Remains unclear whether the project has the necessary financing approvals
2 groups of contractors bid for the four main packages.
3 other groups also bid for one package each.
Oman
16
Oman planned rail network
Source: MEED Insight
© 2014 MEED Projects
Oman rail network key facts
Length of track 2,244km
Length of rail 12,000km
Segments 9
Intermodal yards 9
Marshaling yards 8
Stations 46
Ballast 23 million cubic metres
Sleepers 10.2 million
Length of tunnels 35km
Crossings 400
Underpasses & flyovers 245
Length of bridges 39km
Length of wadi bridges 48km
Length of viaducts 45km
Source: Grant Thornton
*
Shortlisted companies for phase one
Porr Bau / Yuksel Insaat / Sarooj
Construction Company / Daewoo JV
Saipem / Rizzani de Eccher / Dogus
Insaat JV
Salini Impregilo
Oman Rail – later phases
17
Source: Oman Rail
© 2014 MEED Projects
Conclusions
18 © 2014 MEED Projects
 To date still slow progress on GCC railway network
 Ministerial meeting to be held next week but still no overarching dedicated body set up to regulate
and oversee it
 Official 2018 start date therefore seems increasingly unlikely
 Oman is most advanced followed by Qatar and UAE
 Apparent lack of connection between Oman and UAE is worrying
 Technical and operational manual believed to have been completed
 But question marks still exist over interoperability, driver training, customs, visas and freedom of
movement
 Some evidence of tension over freight traffic being able to bypass specific ports
 What impact of air lobby?
 Project made more challenging by falling oil revenues
© 2013 MEED Insight
© 2014 MEED Projects

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meed projects - gcc mainline network projects

  • 1. © 2013 MEED Insight 6 October, Dubai Presented by Ed James Director of Content & Analysis, MEED Projects Edward.james@meed.com @EdJamesMEED #MENARail GCC mainline network projects Surveying the GCC rail and metro market opportunity
  • 2. © 2013 MEED Insight All the project information in this presentation is sourced from MEED Projects MEED Projects is a Middle East, North and East Africa project tracking platform. It has two major functions; it is a business development tool to help you find new business opportunities and an analysis tool so you can assess the feasibility of potential new markets and projects. 5 key reasons to sign up for a demo: • Identify new business opportunities from over 10,050 active projects worth over $4.1 trillion • Improve performance in current markets and evaluate new markets with 20 countries covered • Build the right company relationships using our database of over 11,200 companies on live projects • Target over 18,000 key decision makers ahead of your competitors • Forecast market developments by country and project type to inform your strategic planning
  • 3. 2 © 2014 MEED Projects The global rail industry - 2013 © 2014 MEED Projects Rank Country Name Length of operational track (km) 1United States 228,218 2Russian Federation 84,249 3China 66,298 4India 64,460 5Canada 52,002 6Germany 33,509 7France 30,013 8Brazil 29,817 9Mexico 26,704 10Argentina 25,023 11Iran, Islamic Rep. 8,368 18Egypt, Arab Rep. 5,195 20Algeria 4,691 22Sudan 4,313 41Tunisia 2,165 42Syrian Arab Republic 2,139 43Iraq 2,138 45Morocco 2,109 53Saudi Arabia 1,412 63Mauritania 728 67Jordan 509 Total global 993,211 Source: World Bank
  • 4. Length of MENA rail 3 Source: MEED Insight © 2014 MEED Projects Length of existing and planned tracks (km) Existing Planned Bahrain 0 245 Kuwait 1.2 >500 Oman 0 >2,500 Qatar 0 >750 Saudi Arabia 2,415 >10,000 UAE 324 >1,200 Afghanistan <100 >1,500 Jordan 509 897 Lebanon 0 0 Gaza/West Bank 14 473 Algeria 4,691 7,105 Egypt 5,195 2,111 Libya 0 3,104 Mauritania 728 430 Morocco 2,109 1,526 Sudan 1,566 3,143 South Sudan 248 492 Tunisia 2,165 894 Western Sahara 5 0 Total 19,970 >36,000
  • 5. Market size 4 Value of MENA rail projects planned or under construction ($m) Source: MEED Projects © 2014 MEED Projects 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 Design Execution Main Contract Bid Main Contract PQ Study A total of $427bn worth of rail projects planned or under construction in the MENA region
  • 6. Rail projects 5 Top 20 largest rail and metro projects awarded and under execution in the Middle East Source: MEED Projects © 2014 MEED Projects Project Country Value ($m) Year ADA - Riyadh Light Rail Transit (Riyadh Metro): Lines 1 & 2 KSA 9,289 2013 SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 2 KSA 8,396 2011 ADA - Riyadh Light Rail Transit (Riyadh Metro): Lines 4, 5 & 6 KSA 7,820 2013 ADA - Riyadh Light Rail Transit (Riyadh Metro): Line 3 KSA 5,942 2013 QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Systems, Rolling Stock and Track Work Qatar 4,129 2015 TUSRC - Tehran Metro : Line 6 Iran 4,000 2006 TUSRC - Tehran Metro : Line 7 Iran 4,000 2006 QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Gold Line: Tunneling Works Qatar 3,300 2014 SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 1: Package 1 (Civil Works) KSA 2,871 2009 QRAIL - QIRP: LRT: Lusail Light Rail: Phase 2 Qatar 2,722 2014 QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Green Line: Tunneling & Main Stations Works Qatar 2,520 2013 QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Red Line North: Tunneling Works Qatar 2,184 2013 ANESRIF - Oued Tlelat to Akid Abbès : Phase 1 Algeria 1,815 2007 IIRR - Mashad to Chabahar Railway Line Iran 1,800 2011 ANESRIF - Oued Tlelat to Akid Abbès : Phase 2 Algeria 1,633 2010 Ministry of Roads & Urban Development - Arak-Kermanshah-Khosravi Iran 1,500 2014 QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro: Red Line South: Tunneling Works Qatar 1,500 2013 ANESRIF - Relizane - Tiaret - Tissemsilt Railway Line Algeria 1,300 2010 SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 1: Package 2 KSA 1,287 2011 SRO - Haramain High-Speed Rail Network (HHR): Phase 1: Package 2 ( KSA 1,267 2011
  • 7. Top contractors 6 Source: MEED Projects Top 10 MENA Contractors Based on Rail Work Under Execution ($m) © 2014 MEED Projects 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 Yapi Merkezi Samsung C&T Al Rajhi Holding Group Impregilo Siemens Almabani Cosider Groupe Larsen & Toubro Bechtel Corporation Consolidated Contractors
  • 8. Top future projects 7 Source: MEED Projects Top 15 selected future rail projects in the MENA region © 2014 MEED Projects Project Country Value ($m)Status SRO - Riyadh Dammam High-Speed Rail Saudi Arabia 14,000Study TUSRC - Tehran Metro: Line 8, 9 and Four Express Lines Iran 10,000Study Eastern Province Municipality - Dammam Metro Saudi Arabia 9,000Study Jeddah Metro Company - Jeddah Metro: Orange & Blue Lines Saudi Arabia 8,000Main Contract PQ KAPP - Kuwait National Rail Road : Phase 1 Kuwait 8,000Study Ministry of Transportation - Light Rail Network Bahrain 7,900Study KAPP - Kuwait City Metropolitan Rapid Transit Kuwait 7,000Study SAR - Saudi Landbridge Saudi Arabia 7,000Design QRAIL - QIRP: Passenger & Freight Rail Qatar 5,500Main Contract PQ Musanada - Abu Dhabi Metro UAE 5,100Main Contract PQ QRAIL - QIRP: Doha Metro : Phase 2 Qatar 5,000Study SRO - Yanbu Jeddah Jizan and Taif Khamis Mushayt Abha Rails Saudi Arabia 4,200Study Mecca Municipality - Mecca Metro: Line A Saudi Arabia 4,000Study Mecca Municipality - Mecca Metro: Line D Saudi Arabia 4,000Study Mecca Municipality - Mecca Metro: Phase 1 (Lines B, C): Part 1: Package 3 (SYS) Saudi Arabia 3,547Main Contract Bid
  • 9. Top future clients 8 Source: MEED Projects Top 10 MENA rail clients by value of planned projects ($m) © 2014 MEED Projects 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 T.C. Devlet Demiryollari (TCDD) Jeddah Metro Company Egypt Ministry of Transport Qatar Rail Company Saudi Railways Organisation Kuwait Authority for Partnership Projects Mecca Municipality Oman Rail Agence Nationale d'Etudes et de la Realisation des Investissements Ferroviaires Iraq Ministry of Transport
  • 10. The GCC Railway 9 Source: LGV Maroc The GCC Railway network © 2014 MEED Projects States Length of GCC line (KM) Kuwait 145 Bahrain 36 Qatar 283 Oman 306 UAE 684 Saudi Arabia 663 Total 2117
  • 11. Kuwait – the only PPP system 10 Source: MEED Kuwait planned rail network © 2014 MEED Projects The Kuwait National Rail Road System will be an integrated rail network with 511 kilometers double track total length. The mainline system will serve freight and passengers and will have a 120 km/hr regional lines speed and a 200 km/hr high speed. The project will be implemented as a build, operate, and transfer (BOT) agreement. The project is currently in the feasibility study phase.
  • 12. 11 © 2014 MEED Projects Long distance rail © 2014 MEED ProjectsSource: MEED; QRail  Contractor groups prequalified for phase 1 DB contract  Tender expected to be issued early 2016  Tender issued for PMC contract
  • 13. Qatar mainline 12 Source: MEED Projects © 2014 MEED Projects Prequalified contractor groups • Acciona Infraestructuras, S.A.- Consolidated Contractors Group S.A.L. (CCC)- Tecnimont S.p.A- Teyseer Contracting Company W.L.L. Joint Venture • Al Habtoor Leighton LLC- Dragados, S. A.- Al Jaber Trading & Contracting Co. W.L.L. Joint Venture • Archirodon .- China Communications Construction Company Ltd.- Contraco W.L.L. Joint Venture • Astaldi S.p.A.- Al Jaber Engineering Company LLC- Samsung C&T Corporation Joint Venture • China Railway Signal & Communication Corporation Limited- China Railway 11 Bureau Group Corporation- China Railway Engineering Consulting Group Co., Ltd.- MAN Enterprise Qatar W.L.L. Joint Venture • Daewoo Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd- Rizzani de Eccher S.p.A.- Redco International Trading & Contracting WLL Joint Venture • Eiffage- Six Construct Limited- Midmac Contracting Co. W.L.L. Joint Venture • FCC Construccion, S.A.- Qatar Building Company, JLC- Yuksel Insaat A.S. Joint Venture • Ferrovial Agroman, S.A.- Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.- Al Jaber and Partners- Construction & Energy Projects (WLL) Joint Venture • Grupo Isolux Corsan, S.A.- Cooperative Muratori & Cementisti - C.M.C di Ravenna Societa Cooperativa- Construction Development Company LLC (CDC) Joint Venture • ITINERA S.p.A.- China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation- SAIPEM S.p.A.- International Trading and Contracting Company O.P.C. Joint Venture • PORR Bau GmbH- HBK Contracting Co. W.L.L. - China Railway Construction Corporation Joint Venture • QD-SBG Group W.L.L – Yapi Merkezi Insaat VE Sanayi A.S. Joint Venture • Salini Impregilo S.p.A.- SK Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.- Galfar Al Misnad Engineering & Contracting W.L.L Joint Venture • Sinohydro Corporation Limited- JHJ International Trading & Contracting WLL Joint Venture
  • 14. KSA – the most advanced of the GCC states 13 Source: SRO © 2014 MEED Projects
  • 15. Etihad Rail 14 Source: MEED Projects © 2014 MEED Projects
  • 16. Etihad Rail – phase 2 15 © 2014 MEED Projects Timeline  Bids for the design build of the five main packages were submitted in December 2012  After more than 2 years of evaluation and bid bond extensions, the process was cancelled  Bids were re-invited in four main packages this summer, but this time without a specific package for the line to Al-Ain. An addendum for this segment was later provided to the prequalifiers during the bid preparation process  Bids submitted in September 2015, with no group understood to have submitted an option for the addendum option  Remains unclear whether the project has the necessary financing approvals 2 groups of contractors bid for the four main packages. 3 other groups also bid for one package each.
  • 17. Oman 16 Oman planned rail network Source: MEED Insight © 2014 MEED Projects Oman rail network key facts Length of track 2,244km Length of rail 12,000km Segments 9 Intermodal yards 9 Marshaling yards 8 Stations 46 Ballast 23 million cubic metres Sleepers 10.2 million Length of tunnels 35km Crossings 400 Underpasses & flyovers 245 Length of bridges 39km Length of wadi bridges 48km Length of viaducts 45km Source: Grant Thornton * Shortlisted companies for phase one Porr Bau / Yuksel Insaat / Sarooj Construction Company / Daewoo JV Saipem / Rizzani de Eccher / Dogus Insaat JV Salini Impregilo
  • 18. Oman Rail – later phases 17 Source: Oman Rail © 2014 MEED Projects
  • 19. Conclusions 18 © 2014 MEED Projects  To date still slow progress on GCC railway network  Ministerial meeting to be held next week but still no overarching dedicated body set up to regulate and oversee it  Official 2018 start date therefore seems increasingly unlikely  Oman is most advanced followed by Qatar and UAE  Apparent lack of connection between Oman and UAE is worrying  Technical and operational manual believed to have been completed  But question marks still exist over interoperability, driver training, customs, visas and freedom of movement  Some evidence of tension over freight traffic being able to bypass specific ports  What impact of air lobby?  Project made more challenging by falling oil revenues
  • 20. © 2013 MEED Insight © 2014 MEED Projects