Erg and expectancy theory
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ERG theory proposes that there are three categories of needs that motivate behavior: existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. Existence needs are basic material needs like food and shelter. Relatedness needs focus on maintaining relationships and interacting with others. Growth needs involve personal development and fulfilling meaningful work. The theory argues that people are motivated to fulfill these different needs and may do so in a non-hierarchical manner, addressing multiple needs simultaneously rather than sequentially as proposed in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Erg and expectancy theory
- 1. MOTIVATION ERG THEORY OF MOTIVATION Clayton Alderfer developed this theory taking into account the shortcomings of Maslow’s need Hierarchical Theory. The major short coming of Maslow’s theory was that in reality people do not necessarily fulfill their needs in a hierarchical manner.
- 2. There are three needs in all of us.
- 3. EXISTENCE NEEDS • This group of needs is concerned with providing the basic requirements for material existence, such as physiological and safety needs. • In a work context this need is satisfied by money earned in a job for the purchase of food, shelter, clothing, etc.
- 4. RELATEDNESS NEEDS • This group of needs focuses on the desire to establish and maintain interpersonal relationships with family, friends, co-workers and employers. • Interact with other people, receive public recognition, and feel secure around people. • The amount of time most people spend at work this need is normally satisfied to some extent by their relationships with colleagues and managers.
- 5. GROWTH NEEDS • These needs are about the fulfillment of desires to be creative, productive and to complete meaningful tasks. • These needs are all about by personal development. In a work context a person's job, career, or profession can provide a significant satisfaction of growth needs.
- 6. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory Of Motivation “ A person will be motivated to put forth a higher level of effort if he believes that they effort will result in higher performance and thus better reward”
- 7. The three major principles: -
- 9. APPLICATION OF EXPECTANCY THEORY Variables Objectives EP To increase the belief that employees are capable of performing the job successfully PO To increase the belief that good performance will result invalued outcomes. Valences of outcomes To increase the expected value of outcome resulting from desired performance.