Experiment 2
- 1. Tuesday, January 29, 2013Experiment 2 Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Exercise DATA Table 1–Baseline Blood Pressure Systolic pressure (mm Hg) Diastolic pressure (mm Hg) Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) Pulse (bpm) 123 mm Hg 75 mm Hg 99 mm Hg 78 bpm Table 2–Blood Pressure After Exercise Systolic pressure (mm Hg) Diastolic pressure (mm Hg) Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) Pulse (bpm) 135 mm Hg 57 mm Hg 61 mm Hg 92 bpm
- 2. Table 3–Heart Rate Condition Resting heart rate (bpm) 92 Maximum heart rate (bpm) 75 Recovery time (s) 2 mins Heart rate: 131 bpm DATA ANALYSIS 1. Describe the trends that occurred in the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean arterial pressure and pulse with exercise. Assume that the stroke volume increased from 75 mL/beat to 100 mL/beat. Use this information and the change in pulse with exercise to calculate the change in cardiac output (stroke volume × heart rate) that occurred per minute. 9200-6900=2300 cardiac output that changed per minute 2. Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic pressure (peak pressure during active contraction of the ventricles) and diastolic pressure (the pressure that is maintained even while the left ventricle is
- 3. relaxing). Describe the change in pulse pressure seen with exercise. Which component of the blood pressure is most responsible for this change? The change in pulse pressure is caused by the body attempting to pump blood to the extremities in a more rushed manner. This causes the walls of the arteries to work harder and faster, making them contract and expand more quickly and forcefully. The component of the blood pressure change would be the forceful movement of the walls of the arteries. 3. A change in pulse pressure can be seen in a variety of medical conditions. What would you expect to happen to the pulse pressure in the following examples? (a) In atherosclerosis there is a hardening of the arterial walls. Atherosclerosis makes pulse pressure rise because the hardening of the arterial walls causes the heart to try and pump blood faster and with higher pressure because the walls are not as malleable and flexible as before; making it harder to pump blood through the vessels. (b) A damaged aortic valve does not seal properly and allows blood to flow back into the ventricle during diastole. Under the conditions of a damaged aortic valve, the pulse pressure would lower; the reason for this being that the blood being pushed through the valve during diastole would not have as much pressure because the chamber it is being contained in would not hold as much pressure whenever it is partially open. 4. Normal resting heart rates range from 55−100 beats per minute. What was your/the subject’s resting heart rate? How much did your/the subject’s heart rate increase above resting rate with exercise? What percent increase was this? The subject’s resting heart rate was 78bpm. During exercise, the subject’s heart rate raised to 92, raising by 14bpm. The heart rate increased by 18%. 5. How does your/the subject’s maximum heart rate compare with other students in your group/class? Is this what you expected? The subjects heart rate is lower compared with other students in our class. That was expected because our subject has larger lungs and is an athlete.
- 4. 6. Recovery time has been shown to correlate with degree of physical fitness. How does your/the subject’s recovery rate compare to that of your classmates? Is this what you expected? The subjects recovery rate was smaller compared to that of our classmates. This was expected because our subject is an athlete and participates in athletic events often. 7. Congestive heart failure is a condition in which the strength of contraction with each beat may be significantly reduced. For example, the ventricle may pump only half the usual volume of blood with each beat. Would you expect a person with congestive heart failure to have a faster or slower heart rate at rest? With exercise? A person with Congestive Heart Failure would have a faster when at rest and a slower with excersies. 8. Medications are available which can slow the heart or speed it up. If a patient complains of feeling poorly and has a heart rate of 120 beats per minute, should you administer a medicine to slow the rate? If a patients has a heart rate of 120 beats per minute you should administer a medicine to slow the rate of the heart to a healthy 90 beats per minute.