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FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS OF
MICROFLUIDICS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY
History of Microfluidics
1958 Jack Kilby & Robert Norton Noyce
(IC)
1959 Richard Feynman : “ There’s Plenty
of Room at the Bottom”
1960s microelectronic IC
1970s MEMS
1980s microflow sensor, microvalves,
micropumps
1990s microfluidics
2013/5/5
3
MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY
What Is Microfluidics?
What does the micro refer to in
microfluidics? or is microfluidics
determined by the device size or the fluid
amount it can handle?
How small can a microscopic fluid quantity
be?
2013/5/5
4
MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY
Device size or the fluid amount
2013/5/5
5
MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY
Volume & concentration
2013/5/5
6
MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY
Commercial & scientific aspects
2013/5/5
7
MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY
Commercial aspects
Human Genome Project(HGP) by microfluidics
chip
Killer applications
 Single-use disposable microfluidic devices
 Medical diagnostics, Genetic sequencing, Chemistry
production, Drug discovery & proteomics
 High throughput by parallel analysis
Market : 2011(5.1B), 2012(5.6B), 2017(10.3B)
Scientific aspects
New applications in chemistry and bioengineering
 New effect, new chemical reactions, new microinstruments
2013/5/5
8
MILESTONES OF MICROFLUIDICS
Device development
Miniaturization : 1980s~mid-1990s
Power limit
Size limit
Exploration of new effects : mid-1990s
Electrokinetic
Surface tension
Electromagnetic
Acoustic streaming
2013/5/5
9
MILESTONES OF MICROFLUIDICS
Device development
Application development
Flow control
Chemical analysis
Biomedical diagnostics
Drug discovery
New applications
 Distributed energy supply
 Distributed thermal management
 Chemical production(micro-reactor)
2013/5/5
10
MILESTONES OF MICROFLUIDICS
Technology development
Before mid-1990s
Silicon micromachining (expensive cost)
 Integrated circuits → Transport electron
 Microfluidics → Transport molecules and fluids
After mid-1990s
Plastic micromachining (cheap cost)
 Stamp and mold
 Microcutting
 Laser machining
 Microelectro discharge machining
 Laminting
2013/5/5
11

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Fundamentals and applications of microfluidics - ch1

  • 1. FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS OF MICROFLUIDICS
  • 3. MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING TECHNOLOGY History of Microfluidics 1958 Jack Kilby & Robert Norton Noyce (IC) 1959 Richard Feynman : “ There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom” 1960s microelectronic IC 1970s MEMS 1980s microflow sensor, microvalves, micropumps 1990s microfluidics 2013/5/5 3
  • 4. MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING TECHNOLOGY What Is Microfluidics? What does the micro refer to in microfluidics? or is microfluidics determined by the device size or the fluid amount it can handle? How small can a microscopic fluid quantity be? 2013/5/5 4
  • 5. MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING TECHNOLOGY Device size or the fluid amount 2013/5/5 5
  • 6. MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING TECHNOLOGY Volume & concentration 2013/5/5 6
  • 7. MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING TECHNOLOGY Commercial & scientific aspects 2013/5/5 7
  • 8. MICROFLUIDICS – THE EMERGING TECHNOLOGY Commercial aspects Human Genome Project(HGP) by microfluidics chip Killer applications  Single-use disposable microfluidic devices  Medical diagnostics, Genetic sequencing, Chemistry production, Drug discovery & proteomics  High throughput by parallel analysis Market : 2011(5.1B), 2012(5.6B), 2017(10.3B) Scientific aspects New applications in chemistry and bioengineering  New effect, new chemical reactions, new microinstruments 2013/5/5 8
  • 9. MILESTONES OF MICROFLUIDICS Device development Miniaturization : 1980s~mid-1990s Power limit Size limit Exploration of new effects : mid-1990s Electrokinetic Surface tension Electromagnetic Acoustic streaming 2013/5/5 9
  • 10. MILESTONES OF MICROFLUIDICS Device development Application development Flow control Chemical analysis Biomedical diagnostics Drug discovery New applications  Distributed energy supply  Distributed thermal management  Chemical production(micro-reactor) 2013/5/5 10
  • 11. MILESTONES OF MICROFLUIDICS Technology development Before mid-1990s Silicon micromachining (expensive cost)  Integrated circuits → Transport electron  Microfluidics → Transport molecules and fluids After mid-1990s Plastic micromachining (cheap cost)  Stamp and mold  Microcutting  Laser machining  Microelectro discharge machining  Laminting 2013/5/5 11