Head to Head - The Battle between the Bellheads and the Netheads for control over the CyberSphere
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The document discusses the ideological battle between 'bellheads', who prefer traditional telecom practices, and 'netheads', who advocate for flexible internet-based solutions. It explores various technological advancements in the telecommunications landscape, focusing on the evolution of voice and multimedia services, and the shift from controlled to open network philosophies. Additionally, it highlights the importance of adapting business models and strategies in response to these technological changes and competitive dynamics in the value chain.
Head to Head - The Battle between the Bellheads and the Netheads for control over the CyberSphere
- 1. Head to Head The Ideological battle for control of the Information Sphere
- 2. Agenda 1. VoIP and IM applications 2. The Digital Value Chain 3. Bellheads vs. Netheads 4. Air interface technology classification 5. Core network classification 6. Value added services 7. Strategic Business decisions for the future
- 5. The Digital Value Chain
- 6. The Digital Value chain App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core Billing Edge loop Hard OS Browser App. provider
- 7. Bellheads vs. Netheads
- 8. Bellheads • Bellheads are the engineers and managers who grew up under the watchful eye of the Traditional Telephone company and who continue to abide by her practices. . They believe in solving problems with dependable hardware techniques and in rigorous quality control.
- 9. Netheads • The Netheads are the young Turks who connected the world's computers to form the Internet. • The believe in flexible and adaptive routing instead of fixed traffic control.
- 10. Bellheads vs. Netheads Grew up in Telcos with Grew up on Internet with TDM. IP. Aligns with formal UN Aligns with open forums and ITU structures. like the IETF. Prefer closed Individuals want to be communities and “old- active participants. boy” relationships.
- 11. Bellheads vs. Netheads Expect to pay for quality. Expect it to be cheap. Prefer strong regulatory Want an open and involvement and unregulated playing protection. field. Want to steer the future Let us see how this network evolution. network evolves itself organically.
- 12. Controlled vs. Open Works from the existing Works from a new business model of business model: telephone calls – always on, the world is time x distance x a large free calling bandwidth = revenues. area. Relies on international settlements to allocate revenues between carriers.
- 13. Controlled vs. Open The network ends in the The network ends in the call agent. end-user’s device. Intelligence is build into Intelligence is on the the core of the edge of the network. network. The protocols it operates Protocols are end-to-end, upon are proprietary, and open. and not end-to-end.
- 14. Controlled vs. Open All ‘state’ is kept away The network ends in the from the end-user’s end-user’s device, the device. end-user can define services. Provides Quality of Substitutes speed Service assurances. (bandwidth) for Quality of Service (QoS) and provides best efforts service.
- 15. Controlled vs. Open IP Telephony is a subset Internet Telephony is a of Next Generation part of Next Networks, but, in view Generation Internet of its master-slave Services, whose design philosophy, nature will be various services continue to and unpredictable as be defined from the was the addition of the centre of the network. World Wide Web on top of the Internet.
- 16. Clashes of opinion • What do you say of the fact that you cannot provide different charges for the services making use of IP packets: • The Bellheads: The Internet Protocol was poorly designed because you cannot charge for different value added services. • The Netheads: "IP is hard to charge for? That's not a bug, that's a feature!"
- 17. The Digital Value chain App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider
- 18. The Digital Value chain Open Open Network Network App. or Local Users Content Billing Portals Net Core OS Browser Intel. ID App. loop Hard provider App. or ID & Intel. Local Users Content Portals Net Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider Controlled Network
- 20. Evolution path of fixed and mobile networks Broadband Mobile multimedia services via packet-based network Mobile wireless Enhanced IP and Voice services IP based multimedia (real time, QoS) Mobile wireless IP services over Internet access Broad wireless Access with Mobile Nomadic mobility wireless IP data voice services over fixed networks
- 21. Main Wireless Technology Trends NEXT : Ad-hoc Mesh Mobile Networks CELLULAR INDUSTRY BWA GENERATIONS 3GSM/UMTS : R99 to HSDPA/HSUPA (OFDM CDMA 1x : EV-DO, EV-DO RevA EVOLVED 3G) Mobile (M) Wide Area Coverage / Mobility 2G 2.5G 3G WMAN/WWAN (N) Nomadic (N) Metro Area 802.16e (WiMAX Forum (Mobile) Intel, Motorola, etc) “4G” Air Interfaces e.g. FLASH-OFDM (Flarion) (M) 802.16d (N) Other “disruptor” entrants WLAN / WiFi (N) Local Area 802.11 g Fixed (F) IP Wireless (M / N) Navini (F/N / M) Arraycomm iBurst (N / M) 802.11b 10 kbps 100 Mbps Data Speeds span a wide range
- 22. 4G – area of options regional wireless access carrier-grade seamless multi-service subarchitectures, best effort nomadic mobility, realtime voice, mobility, isolators, IP QoS, multimedia E2E-QoS continuous mobility in protocol heaps wide area incl. voice 4G area of options Fixed Wireless Realtime Wireless NG Internet Internet Internet Mobile Internet Internet Some More Optimum Pure New IP IP IP IP IP UMTS Evolution GSM / NG UMTS+ Mobile GPRS UMTS UMTS + Wireless + Packets E2E-IP to the IP in RAN, IP MBMS, WLAN/UMTS dynamic native IP routing to based interworking, push, network MS, IP in CN service presence, IMS Phase 2, mobile host, IETF provisioning packet bearer protocols only composition (IMS), HSDPA enhancements
- 23. Mobile technologies Hardware Local Loop EV-DV ?? ITU Standardisation HSDPA EV-DO /HSUPA CDMA 2000 Edge OFDM GPRS CDMA GSM (2010?) (2005) Intellectual property Gorillas
- 24. Nomadic technologies Hardware Local Loop WiFi WiMAX IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.16e WiFi WiMAX IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.16d OFDM OFDM (2010?) ? Hardware Chipsets in PC’s and Mobiles
- 25. Air interface technologies Controlled Open Network Network Philosophy Philosophy Standardised Gorilla game Air interface Technology Commoditisation 3GPP IEEE • GPRS • WiFi • EDGE • WiMAX • WCDMA • IEEE 802.11n (MIMO) • HSDPA • Mesh Networks (802.11s)
- 26. Air interface technologies Controlled Open Network Network Philosophy Philosophy Standardised Gorilla game Air interface Technology Commoditisation ? Technology Extended Proprietary Focused Value chain Technology focus Solutions Flash OFDM iBurst End to End IP connectivity, … but a proprietary air interface.
- 27. The Digital Value chain The coming Power Battle in the 4G Digital Value chain Qualcomm App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider Intel
- 30. A brief history of telecommunication 1890- 1990 1990- 1999 2000 2005 2005 2015 2015 2020
- 31. LEGACY SWITCHING CONCEPT • Monolithic TDM entity for circuit switching, control and signalling • Time and Space Switching of ISDN standard channels (64kb/s) • Local processor control of line interfaces, switching network and signalling • Entrenched switch suppliers tend to develop by adapting legacy circuit switches Signaling Signaling Central Control Control Buses Bearers TDM Bearers Line/Trunk Line/Trunk Switching Interfaces Interfaces Circuit & Packet Network Circuit & Packet
- 32. SOFTSWITCH CONCEPT • Disaggregated functional units for control, signalling and bearer interfaces • Multi-Protocol IP backbone transports bearers, control and signalling • Single softswitch can control a wide area of distributed media gateways • Softswitch manufacturers tend to be new entrants developing IP switch fabric • Key concept in NGN (Next Generation Networks) Signaling Softswitch Signaling Control IP Backbone Bearers Bearers Media Media Gateway Gateway Circuit & Packet Circuit & Packet
- 33. NEXT GENERATION NETWORK (NGN) CONCEPT • “A converged high speed packet (IP) based network with multi-purpose (access agnostic) switching on common platforms for multiple applications and services (voice, data, video, multimedia)” CORE TIER INTELLIGENT EDGE TIER Local Loop High speed IP- MPLS Softswitches, Media ACCESS TIER Core routers/switches Gateways, Application High speed / & transmission Servers, Routers, etc Broadband
- 34. SOFTSWITCH MODEL APPLICATION LAYER SOFTWARE / SERVERS Standard Telecoms Services (voice, data) Media Services (messaging, streaming) Location Services, PoC, Legal Intercept, etc API’s to Call Control CALL CONTROL LAYER Signalling Protocols for call and switching control (connection oriented / connectionless) delivery of Application Layer services SS7, SIP, CAMEL SWITCHING LAYER Bearer Media Gateways to IP Backbone
- 35. Why IMS? Expressive Power Number of Developers millions VB, Scriptable JavaScipt C++, Java 500 000 API’s Parlay Sockets Protocols 6000 INAP, ISUP, SIP, MAP
- 36. Controlled vs. Open The IMS can facilitate PTT can be implemented PTT via the PoC via a variety of open- standard that 3GPP source applications agreed upon. running on handsets. PTT is provided via an Peer to peer functionality. intelligent core. No value added billing Flat fee billing. required.
- 37. Controlled vs. Open PTT IMS
- 38. The Digital Value chain App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider
- 39. IMS
- 40. Value Added Services
- 41. Competitive landscape Value added Services App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider
- 42. Controlled vs. Open Control value added Enable value added services from within services that only need the network. a IP connection to function. Builds business models Builds business models on micro-billing on subscription or pre- functionality. paid functionality.
- 43. SMS / MMS Bypass leaks revenue and profit R2400 / MB R180 / MB
- 44. Downloadable applications bypasses central control R2400 / MB R180 / MB R0.60 / MB
- 45. Intelligent session scenarios R 180 / MB R 0.005 /msg The same is happening to: Vodafone portal content and Voice traffic
- 46. Technology roadmap based on the Digital Value Chain Vodafone Nokia Core Need Safari MUI Vodafone Program Symbian OS Nokia Hardware Vodafone Local Loop Vodafone Intelligent Edge Vodafone Core Tier Vodafone Billing MS Portal MS Cont. AGR Cont. Create MS
- 47. Technology roadmap based on the Digital Value Chain Vodafone Nokia Core Need Vodafone Safari MUI Vodafone Safari Program Symbian OS Nokia V. Branded Hardware Vodafone Local Loop Vodafone Active WiMAX Intelligent Edge support Vodafone Core Tier Vodafone MS Billing Vodafone MS Portal Vodafone MS Cont. AGR Cont. Create
- 48. Income distribution in the value chain Automated travel logging App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider
- 50. Connectivity scenarios WiMAX ISP Mesh App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider
- 51. Connectivity scenarios Media companies WiMAX Mesh App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider
- 52. Mesh Networking
- 53. Strategic Business Decisions for the future.
- 54. The need for ambidextrous organisations Technology linkages Enhances Destroys Niche Architectural Destroys Innovation Innovation Market Linkages Enhances Incremental Revolutionary Innovation Innovation Source: Matrix based on the ideas of Abernathy and Clark, Research Policy, 14, 3-22,
- 55. Crossing the chasm The Mainstream Market The Early Market Tornado Bowling The Alley Chasm
- 56. Conclusion App. or ID & Intel Local Users Content Portals Web Core OS Browser App. Billing Edge loop Hard provider