Hello I'm "AI" Your New _________________
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![Who am I? Your new _______?
Co-worker? Intern?
Team
member?
Manager? Paper Tiger? Mentor? Boss? Magic? Snake Oil?
Jarvis?
Worst
nightmare!
Demon? Assistant? Nobody! Servant? Master? Fad? God?
Utility? Genie? Meh! Illusion? Coach? Angel? Worst fear?
Home
delivery?
Service Dog?
Reality? Digital Twin? Buddy?
Hobson’s
Choice?
Friend? Foe? Competitor?
Room
service?
Nemesis?
Savior?
Philosopher’s
Stone?
2am friend?
Batesian
Mimicry?
Elixir? Bestie? Hope? Evil Twin? Jeeves?
It depends! Self? Who cares? Yeah, Right! Whatever! […]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/helloimaiyournew-250626213625-5966eeb1/85/Hello-I-m-AI-Your-New-_________________-3-320.jpg)
![Does using me make you less smart or more
smart?
• Autocorrect (Word 6.0, 1993)
• Spellchecker (Word 95, 1995)
• Search (1990)
• Wikipedia (2001)
• MOOC (2008)
• […] (all the time!)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/helloimaiyournew-250626213625-5966eeb1/85/Hello-I-m-AI-Your-New-_________________-19-320.jpg)
Hello I'm "AI" Your New _________________
- 1. Dr. Tathagat Varma Executive Fellow, Co ‘25, Indian School of Business “Cognitive Chasms: A Grounded Theory of GenAI Adoption” Your New _____ !
- 2. Disclaimer! These are my views based on my research. Develop your viewpoint based on your experiences. The “YMMV”principle always applies. Pressure test everything based on your context! Some ideas might already be obsolete! Do your own research and apply your judgment.
- 3. Who am I? Your new _______? Co-worker? Intern? Team member? Manager? Paper Tiger? Mentor? Boss? Magic? Snake Oil? Jarvis? Worst nightmare! Demon? Assistant? Nobody! Servant? Master? Fad? God? Utility? Genie? Meh! Illusion? Coach? Angel? Worst fear? Home delivery? Service Dog? Reality? Digital Twin? Buddy? Hobson’s Choice? Friend? Foe? Competitor? Room service? Nemesis? Savior? Philosopher’s Stone? 2am friend? Batesian Mimicry? Elixir? Bestie? Hope? Evil Twin? Jeeves? It depends! Self? Who cares? Yeah, Right! Whatever! […]
- 4. So, who am I? Ancestors: ~1950s - 1990s Symbolic Logic, Expert Systems, Fuzzy Logic, Genetic Algorithms, … Previous Gen: ~1990s - 2010s Analytics, Business Intelligence, Data Mining, Big Data, Data Science, … Current Gen: ~2010s - 2020s Machine Learning, Predictive AI, Deep Learning, GAN, NLP, CV, ASR, Decision Science, Language Translate, Autocomplete, Recommendation Engines, Automation, Robotics, … Next Gen: ~2020s – till date Foundation Models, LLMs, SLMs, Diffusion Models, Generative AI, Prompt Engineering, Vibe Coding, Swarm Intelligence, Self- driving Vehicles, Agentic AI, Decision AI, Physical AI, Smart Robotics, Cobot, … Future Gen: ? Who knows? Maybe Quantum? Biological…? Super Intelligence…? AGI…? Singularity … ??? I continue to evolve! My family tree is big! At least 70 years young!
- 5. And how am I different? You (Humans) Me (AI) Identity Fundamentally, creatures of emotions Fundamentally, creatures of logic Think Use cognitive faculties to form associations of mental representations, Logical reasoning, Deductive, Inductive and Abductive thinking, Causal Analysis, Memory, Imagination, Creativity, Ethical and Moral Judgment, Feelings and Emotions, Intuition, Embodied Cognition Essentially use computational faculties such as Mathematical and Logical operations, Pattern matching and Statistical Analysis and Inferencing (often limited to correlation rather than causation), Brain in a Vat / Disembodied Intelligence (mostly) Act Possess individual agency, and at least some degree of free will, seek meaning in work and need fulfillment of purpose Agency is logical/mathematical/computational/ programmatic/data-centric. Free will? Meaning? Learn Through self-awareness, observations, subjective lived experiences, contemplation, self-reflection, and social interactions, self-directed mechanisms Limited to data, algorithms and feedback Strengths Empathy, Adaptability, Social Connections, Abstractions, Process large data, Repetitive tasks, High speed and precision, Scaling, Automation, No need for time off! Limitations Slow, Error-prone especially with repetitive tasks, working long hours or uninteresting tasks, Prefers non- hazardous working conditions, Falls ill! Need time off. Lack “world view”, Can’t“think”, Isn’t sentient, Lack consciousness, No empathy, Quickly pick up bias, Doesn’t really have any value judgment
- 6. I am growing really fast! Possibly the fastest consumer product ever in terms of user adoption! Growing over ~25x faster than Netflix and 10x faster than Facebook!
- 7. And I keep getting better all the time! Thanks to improvements in hardware technologies (compute, storage, network), neural network architecture, training algorithms, techniques, access to data and human feedback, I continue to improve at lightspeed!
- 8. In my world, a lot happens in just two weeks……
- 9. So, why are people using me? Trillions of Dollars of Economic Benefits Unprecedented Productivity Gains Millions of New Jobs
- 10. What do they use me for? In 2025, people are discovering new ways to get personal and professional support (#1), followed by content creation and editing (#2), and learning and education (#3), among others. How people are really using GenAI in 2025, https://hbr.org/2025/04/how-people-are-really-using-gen-ai-in-2025
- 11. And how do they use me? Specific use cases at work include: #2 Organize work #4 Enhanced learning #5 and #8 Generating and Improving Code #6 Generating Ideas #9 Creativity How people are really using GenAI in 2025, https://hbr.org/2025/04/how-people-are-really-using-gen-ai-in-2025
- 12. But hey, I can do much more… TASK: INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY PROCESS: IMPROVE EFFICIENCY BUSINESS: INNOVATE BUSINESS
- 13. Here are some ways I can help… Assist (“Cognitive Collaboration”) • Increase productivity for individual workers by saving time and effort for routine tasks so they can spend saved time on more critical tasks. • E.g., summarize document, transcribe meeting notes, create presentation,review a document, analyze data,AI assisted coding, customer service, chatbots, etc. Augment (“Vertical Scaling”) • Improve efficiency of a complete functional process top to down so the process, or the firm can reduce its operational costs, or the bottom line. • E.g., cull out key insights from past data, redesign the entire process to reduce lead time,or systemic waste; raise customer delight, eliminate process friction, etc. Amplify (“Horizontal Scaling”) • Raise efficacy and/or enhance impact of the end-to-end value chain of entire business, division, portfolio or product line,so the firm can grow its topline. • E.g., Make portfolio reinvestment decisions basis higher ROI, Business Model Innovation to capture higher value for the firm, Introduce new products, Launch new markets, etc.
- 14. And how can you undertake such journeys? Research For my doctoral research, I studied adoption patterns of GenAI adoption inside firms. Specifically, I researched the necessary pre-conditions (“Antecedents”), enablers (“Moderators”) and outcomes (“Consequents”) of successful adoption outcome. Analysis My analysis led me to describing a typology of GenAI adoption failure modes(“Cognitive Chasm”), adoption scaling strategy (“Multistage Scaling Framework”) and the attitudes and beliefs (“Cognitive Mindsets”) required for successful adoption. Emergent “Cognitive Decision- Making”emerged as the distinguishing marker of successful adoption (core category and the mediator), representing the most distinct indicator of successful adoption. Conclusion GenAI is a “General Purpose Technology, and adoption isan OCM problem requiring firm- wide orchestration and alignmentwith business objectives, and maintaining human agency (in terms of oversight, controls and judgment) and human experienceswere essential to success.
- 15. Cognitive Chasms: A Grounded Theory of GenAI Adoption©
- 16. Multistage Scaling and Consequents: Stage 1: Explore Stage 2: Experiment Stage 3: Improve Stage 4: Transform Stage 5: Innovate Assist Augment Amplify
- 17. Is it all good then? •Well, I have my limitations, just like you have yours! •The more you use me, the more you know them! •Let’s explore…
- 18. Yes, I hallucinate, I have biases, I am not always correct, but remember… “All models are wrong, but some are useful” – George Box
- 19. Does using me make you less smart or more smart? • Autocorrect (Word 6.0, 1993) • Spellchecker (Word 95, 1995) • Search (1990) • Wikipedia (2001) • MOOC (2008) • […] (all the time!)
- 20. Am I a Good Servant or a Bad Master? “It is with our passions as it is with fire and water, they are good servants, but bad masters” – Aesop, 620BC – 520BC “Money is a good servant but a bad master” – Francis Bacon, 16th-17th Century “Imagination is a good servant but a bad master” – Agatha Christie, 1920 “Science is a good servant but a bad master” – Christian Lous Lange, Nobel Peace Prize, 1921. “The intellect is a beautiful servant but a terrible master” – Ram Dass, 2013 “AI is….” <Your Name>, <Your year>
- 21. Recaip I can’t do everything for everyone, but I can certainly do somethings for you! Learn enough about me, so you can use me well! Train me enough, so I can do things with you! Trust me enough, so I can do things for you! Finally...more than a tool, technology, platform, process,… I am a new way of thinking!
- 22. And remember… Tool ≠ Technology Technology ≠ Business Usage ≠ Adoption Productivity ≠ Value GenAI ≠ AI AI ≠ You!
- 24. Learn more… • Theory of Cognitive Chasms: A Grounded Theory of GenAI Adoption: My doctoral dissertation at Indian School of Business (ISB): https://eprints.exchange.isb.edu/id/eprint/2340/ • GenAI in Business: Invited talk for Emerging Leaders Program at ISB, May 2025:- https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/generative-artificial-intelligence-genai-in-business/278708699 • Theory of Cognitive Chasms: Failure Modes of GenAI Adoption: Lecture for Executive MBA students at Walton School of Business, Apr 2025: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/theory-of-cognitive-chasms-failure-modes-of-genai- adoption/278463456 • PhD Colloquium at Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore (IIMB), Dec 2024: https://www.youtube.com/live/UBmkl7Vpr0Q?si=lqw2JJUVhUI8cWL7 • GenAI Value Spectrum – delivering the“true value”from GenAI initiatives: Keynote at IEEE Bangalore Technology Conference (BTC) 2024: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/genai-value-spectrum-delivering-the-true-value-from-genai- initiatives/273734671 • Cognitive Chasms – A Typology of GenAI Failure Modes: My talk at GTP Brownbag, May 2025: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/cognitive-chasms-a-typology-of-genai-failure-failure-modes/279832748 • The role of Cognitive Mindset in GenAI Adoption: Invited talk at Project Management Institute (PMI) Bangalore Chapter Footprints: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/the-role-of-cognitive-mindset-in-genai-adoption-pdf/274055306 • Managing Fast-Evolving GenAI Adoptions: Invited Keynote at Siemens Agile Conference 2024: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/managing-fast-evolving-genai-technology-adoptions/273470070
- 25. Questions?