International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All
Impact of Packaging Factors
Behaviour: A Study
* Maloth Naresh Naik
( *Research scholar, Dept. Business management,
( **
Post Doctoral Fellow,
Abstract: Product Packaging is assumed a crucial job in the manufacture an appropriate
affordable favourable position and it is one of the significant devices for
the intended interest group by best bundling variables. The point of paper is to examine the
variables of FMCG item bundling. The motivation behind this paper is to assess the effect of
packaging factors on buy conduct of buyers towa
study was restricted to Hyderabad city. A structure poll was utilized to gauge the effect of
bundling factors on buy conduct of shoppers and each age of the individual was focused in
this examination consider for to
items, with test measure 825 respondents and tried through expressive insights, rates,
ANOVA, connection and different relapse investigation by utilizing SPSS 20.0 Version. The
consequence of the examination demonstrated that, HO1 reveals that there is a measurable
hugeness of item related factors on the statistic elements of customers and pursued. With
H02, there are an essentials effect of FMCG Packaging factors on the buyer purchasing
conduct and connection results demonstrates that their solid connection between the
education and Income in rupees with the packaging variables, and packaging factors like
Product Safety, eco-friendly packaging, quality bundling having great relationship with the
buy conduct of the buyers.
Keywords: Packaging, Product,
consumer behaviour.
I. INTRODUCTION
Now, packaging has turn out to be itself a sales merchandising device for the corporations.
The client’s shopping for conduct additionally inspired by means of the packaging
satisfactory, colour, wrapper, and other characteristics of packaging. Packaging i
bundle that will become a remaining promoting proposition, which stimulates impulse buying
behaviour. Packaging will increase income and marketplace percentage and decreases
marketplace and promotional fees. Consistent with (Rundh, 2005) packag
patron’s attentiveness toward a positive brand, will increase its photograph, and stimulates
purchaser’s perceptions about product. Moreover, packaging conveys exceptional price to
merchandise (Underwood, 2003; Silayoi, & Speece, 2007), pack
for differentiation, and allows clients to decide the product from huge range of parallel
products, packaging also stimulates patron’s shopping for behaviour (Wells, Farley &
Armstrong, 2007). Preceding researches show that the
of packaging cloth and bundle elements. There is also disagreement concerning the
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f Packaging Factors on Consumer
Behaviour: A Study on FMCG stock
Maloth Naresh Naik, **Dr. Rambabu Lavuri 2
Dept. Business management, Osmania University, Hyderabad
Fellow, Dept. Business management, Osmania University,
Product Packaging is assumed a crucial job in the manufacture an appropriate
affordable favourable position and it is one of the significant devices for advertising to impart
the intended interest group by best bundling variables. The point of paper is to examine the
variables of FMCG item bundling. The motivation behind this paper is to assess the effect of
packaging factors on buy conduct of buyers towards chose FMCG stocks. In the extent of
study was restricted to Hyderabad city. A structure poll was utilized to gauge the effect of
bundling factors on buy conduct of shoppers and each age of the individual was focused in
this examination consider for to get the buy conduct of purchaser towards FMCG with chose
items, with test measure 825 respondents and tried through expressive insights, rates,
ANOVA, connection and different relapse investigation by utilizing SPSS 20.0 Version. The
mination demonstrated that, HO1 reveals that there is a measurable
hugeness of item related factors on the statistic elements of customers and pursued. With
H02, there are an essentials effect of FMCG Packaging factors on the buyer purchasing
onnection results demonstrates that their solid connection between the
education and Income in rupees with the packaging variables, and packaging factors like
friendly packaging, quality bundling having great relationship with the
Packaging, Product, Product Safety, Eco-friendly packaging, quality packaging,
Now, packaging has turn out to be itself a sales merchandising device for the corporations.
The client’s shopping for conduct additionally inspired by means of the packaging
satisfactory, colour, wrapper, and other characteristics of packaging. Packaging i
bundle that will become a remaining promoting proposition, which stimulates impulse buying
behaviour. Packaging will increase income and marketplace percentage and decreases
marketplace and promotional fees. Consistent with (Rundh, 2005) package deal appeals
patron’s attentiveness toward a positive brand, will increase its photograph, and stimulates
purchaser’s perceptions about product. Moreover, packaging conveys exceptional price to
merchandise (Underwood, 2003; Silayoi, & Speece, 2007), packaging works as an instrument
for differentiation, and allows clients to decide the product from huge range of parallel
products, packaging also stimulates patron’s shopping for behaviour (Wells, Farley &
Armstrong, 2007). Preceding researches show that there's no settlement on overall category
of packaging cloth and bundle elements. There is also disagreement concerning the
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Page384
n Consumer
Osmania University, Hyderabad.)
University, )
Product Packaging is assumed a crucial job in the manufacture an appropriate
advertising to impart
the intended interest group by best bundling variables. The point of paper is to examine the
variables of FMCG item bundling. The motivation behind this paper is to assess the effect of
rds chose FMCG stocks. In the extent of
study was restricted to Hyderabad city. A structure poll was utilized to gauge the effect of
bundling factors on buy conduct of shoppers and each age of the individual was focused in
get the buy conduct of purchaser towards FMCG with chose
items, with test measure 825 respondents and tried through expressive insights, rates,
ANOVA, connection and different relapse investigation by utilizing SPSS 20.0 Version. The
mination demonstrated that, HO1 reveals that there is a measurable
hugeness of item related factors on the statistic elements of customers and pursued. With
H02, there are an essentials effect of FMCG Packaging factors on the buyer purchasing
onnection results demonstrates that their solid connection between the
education and Income in rupees with the packaging variables, and packaging factors like
friendly packaging, quality bundling having great relationship with the
friendly packaging, quality packaging,
Now, packaging has turn out to be itself a sales merchandising device for the corporations.
The client’s shopping for conduct additionally inspired by means of the packaging
satisfactory, colour, wrapper, and other characteristics of packaging. Packaging is an entire
bundle that will become a remaining promoting proposition, which stimulates impulse buying
behaviour. Packaging will increase income and marketplace percentage and decreases
e deal appeals
patron’s attentiveness toward a positive brand, will increase its photograph, and stimulates
purchaser’s perceptions about product. Moreover, packaging conveys exceptional price to
aging works as an instrument
for differentiation, and allows clients to decide the product from huge range of parallel
products, packaging also stimulates patron’s shopping for behaviour (Wells, Farley &
re's no settlement on overall category
of packaging cloth and bundle elements. There is also disagreement concerning the
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techniques of package impact on consumer’s shopping for behaviour choice. Several
researchers try to have a look at all capacity factors of packaging and their impact on
purchaser’s buying selection (Butkeviciene, Stravinskiene, & Rutelione, 2008), but others
attention on distinct elements of packaging and their influence on client shopping conduct
(Ampuero & Vila, 2006; Madden, Hewett, & Roth, M, 2000; Underwood, Klein, & Burke,
2001; Bloch, 1995). Moreover, a few researchers discover the impact of packaging and its
features on purchaser’s entire purchase selection (Underwood, Klein, & Burke, 2001), while,
a few others – on every step of client’s selection-making technique (Butkeviciene,
Stravinskiene, & Rutelione, 2008). Brand photo and advertisement have sturdy an impact on
and big dating with patron’s buying conduct. Human beings perceive the brand photo with
high quality mindset. Look at depicted that teens in Gujranwala are extra conscious about
their social repute, so that they choose branded merchandise and commercial impacts on their
customer buying Behaviour definitely (Malik, Ghafoor, Iqbal, Ali, Hunbal, Noman, and
Ahmed, 2013).
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Packaging acts multidimensional capabilities. It offers expertise about the product and
company, a technique to speak with customers and safeguard to the pleasant of product
(Silayoi & Speece, 2007). In line with (Rita Kuvykaite, 2009) to have a look at reveals the
self-carrier and changing clients’ way of life having the last impact on purchaser choice.
Increase in impulse shopping for conduct labelling is also speaking to the purchaser (Saeed,
Lodhi, Mukhtar, Hussain, Mahmood and Ahmad 2013), combine the logo photo, brand
attachment and environmental consequences and their impact on purchaser purchase
selection. Elaborates that emblem photo don’t have an effective relation with buy decision,
emblem attachment has a moderate superb relation with buy selection and environmental
consequences but don’t have a positive relation with buy selection (Ahmed & Kazim, 2011).
The purchasers buy extra quantity of the products, after looking a nicely-classified product.
Therefore, labelling impacts the patron shopping for behaviour, however there are some
different elements additionally, which affect the patron shopping for conduct (Saeed, Lodhi,
Rauf, Rana, Mahmood & Ahmed, 2013). In recent times, humans have become extra worried
in the direction of green shopping because of a grown cognizance for environmental
protection. Inexperienced buying is basically the act of buying environmental friendly
products. The research model in this take a look at examines the effects of predictor variables
(environmental situation, organizational green image and environmental expertise) upon
criterion variable (inexperienced buy goal) with the moderating impact of perceived product
rate and first-class (Underwood, 2003; Rettie & Brewer, 2000; Barber, Almanza, & Donovan,
2006). (Adelina & Morgan, 2007) conclude that Packaging can be treated as one of the most
valuable tools in this day’s advertising communications; Packaging has a vital effect on
customers shopping for conduct. The effect of packaging and its elements can impact the
patron’s buy selection (Ahmed et.al, 2014). In keeping with (Karbasivar & Yarahmadi,
2011), greater clothing impulse shopping for and promotional methods (cash cut-price)
utilization among sample, in addition to in-save shape show (window display) has important
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function to encourage purchasers to shop for impulse. They can present complementary
products to encourage patron to buy impulse. Also, sealers can boom clothing impulse
shopping for with redecorating their stores in modern-day fashion and use appealing lights
and colourings. The end result of the take a look at proves that there's a pivotal courting
between window display, credit score card, promotional sports (discount, unfastened product)
and customer impulse buying behaviour (Alice, 2006). In line with (Erzsebet & Zoltan, 2007)
each the qualitative and quantitative studies confirmed that respondents adopted similar threat
reduction strategies of their purchase of infant care products. These studies investigated
consumer perceptions and buying behaviour of baby care products. The consequences of the
number one research showed those consumers’ needs glad about the product in phrases of
reliability and performance and packaging. In keeping with (Butkeviciene, Stravinskiene and
A. Rutelione, 2008), impulse buying is indeed an applicable component in CE retailing, for
this reason justifying using sales packaging. But, optimization is still important. From a cheap
and environmental attitude it is very steeply-priced to apply income packaging (with
additional fabric use and transport extent) to products that don't want them, or to use them in
a useless way. (Saeed, Lodhi, Mukhtar, Hussain, Mahmood and Ahmad, 2011), combine the
emblem picture, brand attachment and environmental outcomes and their impact on client
buy decision. Elaborates that emblem image don’t have an effective relation with purchase
selection, brand attachment has a moderate superb relation with purchase decision and
environmental consequences however don’t have a high quality relation with purchase choice
(Ahmed, Arif & Meenai, 2012).
Muhammad Amir Adam and Kamran Ali (2014) found of their studies that the consumers
like to buy properly packaged merchandise. it is also depends at the credibility of the brand of
that product. so it is very critical for neighbourhood manufacturers to beautify their
packaging fashion for which they can without difficulty compete with the massive
businesses. Because if international manufacturers comes into the marketplace to avail this
possibility then truly the income of nearby emblem decreases. To overcome this hassle
neighbourhood logo must use patriotic colors in packaging in addition to show acquainted
subculture of their packaging to get fulfilment within the market. The function of packaging
as a medium for communication and branding is growing in competitive markets for fmcg
products. Packaging is the jar or a field or a safety for a product. Packaging consists of the
names and the brand names, emblem emblems, snap shots of the product, exclusive forms of
labels such as ingredients, manufacturing and expiry date, warnings, price, the use of method
of the product, agency call, organisation area and so forth. And the principle characteristic of
the packaging is to effortlessly and thoroughly distribute the goods. (Neeta & Sudha, 2014).
The research conducted by using Saeed, Lodhi, Mukhtar, Hussain, Mahmood and Ahmad
(2013), include the effect of brand image, brand attachment and environmental effects on
consumers purchase decision and the examiner well-known shows that logo photograph
haven't any fantastic relation with the purchaser purchase choice and brand attachment and
environment effects have moderate high quality relation but no high quality relation with the
patron buy decision. Packaging is one of the main components of promoting, designing and
plays a n crucial position in advertising and marketing. Behzad (2014) describe in his
research that colours and pictures play essential key roles in promoting product sales. Color is
an outstanding supply of records to speak with the customers either negatively or positively
and its miles predicted that sixty two-90% of human beings evaluation and assessment is
primarily based on shades on my own. (Singh, 2006). Hues have many consequences on
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purchaser’s mind, emotions and behaviours; so marketer have to cognizance at the long hired
of colors as a visible device to help cognition and mind and grasp client’s interest towards the
product. (Labrecque, Patrick,& Milne,2013). As it is said that green colour draws the human
beings as it is part of nature so it attracts people towards itself. like this, a enterprise must be
greater cantered even as choosing a packaging shade as a way to impact on product for a long
term and will also have an impact on at the shopping for behaviour of the purchasers. The
packaging cloth and wrappers are also very essential elements in product packaging; as
maximum of the purchaser’s didn’t buy the products due to creepy packaging material and
wrappers. The study famous that consumers consider in a product or brand declines regularly
while its packaging is broken-as much as 55% of buyers left the emblem, and 36% move
toward any other brand. The cloth and wrappers also are affect the income as if the product is
of true nice however it has no powerful and properly material of packaging the clients will
see and circulate in the direction of any other product which has of nice fabric and thrilling
wrapper designs. There may be no enormous distinction among product worried clients and
uninvolved ones in terms of package design alternatives for the future health expectations
that it generates. (Thomas, 2011). Any other studies of (Baik, 2011) explained that whenever
a company design a excessive degree product having advanced factors and to appearance a
excellent effect of labelling on clients shopping for behaviour so they may goal the top
magnificence. Because top elegance people are those cantered market which might be greater
acutely aware of their self picture within the society and for this reason they want to be more
regular cautious whilst selecting any emblem or product. By and large they show themselves
as a totally elegant group of the society so if the packaging of any product could be designed
according to thoughts set and demands of the humans so it adjustments the behaviour or
buying and increase the revenue. Producers need to build the applicable changes in product to
satisfy the consumers need and differentiate them with their competition. Innovation in a
product measures some vital elements for growing potency and effectiveness. (Noorani &
Setty, 2007). due to the fact all and sundry need something new after a certain time period
and for this a company usually preserve changes its strategies and product designs ,
capabilities , colourings and someday they add greater flavours to that product line to have
interaction the customers toward that specific emblem. Another studies carried out with the
aid of (Rundh, 2005) he similarly explains the multifaceted dimensions and try to supply or
offer clever tips for organising a variety between selling device & promoting supply. a
examine performed by means of (Borin et al. ,2011) achieved an investigation wherein he
take out the result of numerous degrees of environmental data on key purchaser metrics&
also evaluated environmentally benign products as opposed to those peoples who've bad
environmental impacts. Those client notion of product high-quality, price have been
reportable by them and also they get intentions didn’t disagree substantially between product
and fantastic messages from the surroundings and those and not using a message. They
discover that product with poor environmental messages had been all through lower than
products with superb environmental messages.
III. OBJECTIVES
Following are the primary objective of the study
• To determine whether factors related to product packaging are affected by the
demographic of the consumers.
• To examine the effect of FMCG packaging factors on the consumer buying
behaviours.
IV. HYPOTHESIS
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Following are the hypothesis of the study
• HO2: There is no significant impact of factors related to the product packaging are
affected by the demographic of the consumers
• HO2: There is no significant impact of packaging factors on consumer buying behaviour
towards packaging of FMCG packaging.
V. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
With the end goal of the present examination, bundling is be conceptualized as "Bundling
includes advancing, securing and upgrading the item". Bundling advances the items by
pulling into consideration. The principal limited time assignment of the bundle is to pull in
consideration. Since discernment is particular, the bundle ought to be intended to draw in
consideration in an outwardly jumbled condition. It ought to likewise educate the purchaser
about the item. Bundles add to moment acknowledgment of organization or brand and induce
the purchaser to get it. The bundle imparts more to the buyer than the real item, at the purpose
of procurement where the customer chooses. The bundle must pass on the privilege of
enthusiastic characteristics about the item that it fills the customer's need. Packaging having a
greater role to influence the consumers by the greater image, it contains the ideal information,
characteristics, and advantages of the product. Product packaging is one of the strategies of
every organization, it is the internal strategy that increasing sales flow by attracting more
customers.
VI. METHODOLOGY
• Research Design: Descriptive research
• Sources of data: The study is concerned with the consumer perception and product
packaging strategies, based on that source of the data collected from Primary source of
data is collected from the respondents through structured questionnaire and interviews. It
was in order to collect data on the product packaging strategies which affect on consumer
purchase perception. Secondary data is collected from various Journals, Periodicals such
as Magazines, Business newspapers, and from subject related books and websites.
• Sample Size: 825 Respondents From Hyderabad City
Base on the Cochran's formula (infinity population), the sample size selected is 825. The
sample size selected from the sample area i.e Hyderabad city, Telangana state. For
mountain accuracy, reliability and validity of the data very small and large size samples
are avoided. Because of the very small size sample having an inappropriate representation
of the total sample area and large size sample have very difficult to handling all the
process and managing data in a proper way.
• Data collections methods: Data has been collected using structure questionnaire through
customer survey method and personal interview of consumers with help of Convenience
sampling method, Statistical tools like ANOVAs, Correlation and Multiple Regression
using SPSS 20.0 has been used.
VII. CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK
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Figure: 1 Conceptual frame work
VIII. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
a. General profile of Respondents: The frequency distribution of demographic variables is
presented in the following table.
TABLE I
PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS
Particulars Classification No of Responses Percentage
Age
Below 20 Years 180 21.8
21-30 Years 234 28.4
31-40 Years 228 27.6
41-50 Years 137 16.6
51 and Above 46 5.6
Gender
Male 582 70.5
Female 243 29.5
Education
SSC 77 9.3
Intermediate 100 12.1
Degree 234 28.4
pg degree 273 33.1
PG and above 141 17.1
Occupation
Govt Employee 252 30.5
Private Employee 299 36.2
Business 98 11.9
Home Maker 84 10.2
Student 92 11.2
Monthly income
(in rupees)
below 20,000 86 10.4
20,001-30,000 125 15.2
30.001 - 40,000 318 38.5
40,001-50,000 203 24.6
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50,001 and above 93 11.3
Total n = 825 100%
Age: More than 28.4% candidates belongs the age group of 21-30 years and above,
and 27.6%, 21.8%, 16.6% and 5.6% by the age of 31-40 years, below 20 years, 41-50
years and 51 and above years respectively.
Gender: From the above desk it is evident that 70.5% of the whole respondents
belong to male accompanied by 29.5% through female respective.
Education: It is found from above table, that extra than 33.1% of the respondents
belongs to pg, and followed with 28.4%, 17.1%, 12.1%, and 9.3% belongs to degree,
pg and above, intermediate and SSC respectively.
Occupation: It is evident from above table, that more than 36.2% of the respondents
working as private employee, and it is observed that 30.5%, 11.9%, 11.2% and 10.2%
working as govt employee, Business, Student and Homemaker respectively.
Income in rupees: 38.5% of family have an income between 30,001-40,000 followed
by 24.6%, 15.2%, 11.3% and 10.4% with the income of 40,001-50,000, 20,001-
30,000, and 50,001 and above and below 20,000 have family income level of
respondents.
Table II
Scale construction
Questionnaire Items Alpha
Media exposure 4 Items 0.761
Packaging Factors 9 Items 0.768
This confirms the validity and reliability of present studies paper. Major variables: Media
exposure and product packaging Factors on client notion are considered. Alpha values were
calculated one after the other for each the variables to test for the reliability and validity of
the destiny take a look at. The Cronbach's alpha values for Media exposure and product
packaging strategies are observed to be 0.761 and 0.768.
b. ANOVAs
HO1: There is no significant impact of Factor related to Product Packaging is affected
by the demographic of consumers.
Table III
ANOVA
Sum of Squares Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Age in years
Between Groups 108.779 10 10.878 8.813 .000
Within Groups 1004.736 814 1.234
Total 1113.515 824
Gender
Between Groups 9.965 14 .712 3.493 .000
Within Groups 165.060 810 .204
Total 175.025 824
Education
Between Groups 77.069 14 5.505 4.395 .000
Within Groups 1014.526 810 1.253
Total 1091.595 824
Occupation
Between Groups 112.448 14 8.032 5.006 .000
Within Groups 1299.612 810 1.604
Total 1412.061 824
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Income in rupees
Between Groups 65.685 14 4.692 4.166 .000
Within Groups 912.150 810 1.126
Total 977.835 824
The above disk reveals the opinion of the respondents towards Product Packaging Factors,
with respect to the socioeconomically factors i.e. Age, Gender, Education, Occupation and
Income in rupees. It reveals that, the mean difference of the respected respondents from the
population and their sum of the square difference between the groups. Followed by, Age
group in years shows that 108.779 is the between-group variation the population. If the value
is very small it indicates that the mean of the sample is very close to each other in the
between groups. 1004.736 is the variation of within groups of age group respondents. The
disk also shows that F-distribution and its value 8.813. Finally, the age group significance
value 0.000 is less than 0.05. Which is indicating that the null hypothesis can be rejected? So
age is influenced by the Product Packaging Factors. And followed with Socioeconomic
factors like Gender, Education, Occupation and income in rupees of between groups
variations are 9.965, 77.069, 112.448, 65.685 and they're Within group variations are
165.060, 1014.526, 1299.612, 912.150. F-Statistic values are 3.493, 4.395, 5.006 and 4.166
followed with a significant level are 0.00, 0.00, 0.000 and 0.000, all significance values of
socio-economical factors of respondents are less than 0.05. So it's indicating that the
alternative hypothesis accepted due to the null hypothesis can be rejected. Therefore all
Product Packaging is affected by the demographics of consumers.
HO2: There is no significant impact of packaging factors on consumer buying behaviour
towards packaging of FMCG packaging.
Table - IV
ANOVA
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Product Safety (PF1)
Between Groups 38.961 7 5.566 4.722 .000
Within Groups 962.917 817 1.179
Total 1001.879 824
Appearance (PF2)
Between Groups 108.836 7 15.548 16.154 .000
Within Groups 786.371 817 .963
Total 895.207 824
Easy conveyance (PF3)
Between Groups 75.816 7 10.831 14.465 .000
Within Groups 611.743 817 .749
Total 687.559 824
Environmental aspects
(PF4)
Between Groups 57.365 7 8.195 6.679 .000
Within Groups 1002.514 817 1.227
Total 1059.879 824
Packaging is making the
product more easy to use.
(PF5)
Between Groups 37.030 7 5.290 5.485 .000
Within Groups 787.887 817 .964
Total 824.916 824
Sachet motivates a
consumer to try various
products. (PF6)
Between Groups 72.750 7 10.393 7.537 .000
Within Groups 1126.567 817 1.379
Total 1199.316 824
More attractive packaging
is displayed in the main
areas of the shops. (PF7)
Between Groups 98.924 7 14.132 22.013 .000
Within Groups 524.511 817 .642
Total 623.435 824
Good packaging is taken
as symbol of better
Between Groups 15.088 7 2.155 3.006 .004
Within Groups 585.814 817 .717
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quality product. (PF8) Total 600.902 824
More eco-friendly
packaging is available in
the market. (PF9)
Between Groups 178.495 7 25.499 24.749 .000
Within Groups 841.767 817 1.030
Total 1020.262 824
The disk indicated that 38.961 is the between-group variation in the group of PF1 and
consumer purchase behaviour and 962.917 is the within-group variation. The box also reveals
that F-distribution 4.722, Followed by, the level of significance is .05 is less than 0.05.
Through this, the Alternative hypothesis accepted and the null hypothesis is rejected. And
followed with Product Packaging Factors like PF2, PF3, PF4, PF5, PF6, PF7, PF8 and PF9
between groups variations are 108.836, 75.816, 57.365, 37.030, 72.750, 98.924, 15.088 and
178.495. Their variance in within group value is 786.371, 611.743, 1002.514, 787.887,
1126.567, 524.511, 585.814 and 841.767. F-Statistic values are 16.154, 14.465, 6.679, 5.485,
7.537, 22.013, 3.006 and 24.749 followed with significant level are 0.000, 0.000, .000, .000,
.000, .000, 0.004 and 0.000, all are less than 0.05 except 0.200. Finally, the results indicate
that the Alternative hypothesis of a statement accepted while rejected the Null hypothesis. So
the product packaging factors are significantly impact on the consumer purchase behaviour.
C. Correlations:
Correlation is applied for the finding the degree of relationship between two selected
variables and it also help identify the strength of association between the selected variables
followed by it is describing linear relationship between two variables.
Table V
Correlations between the demographic of consumers and Packaging factors
S.No Demographic factors of consumers Pearson Correlations (r)
1 Age in years -.319**
2 Genders -.402**
3 Education .558**
4 Occupation -.413**
5 Income in rupees .421*
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
Table V
Correlations between the Packaging factors and Consumer purchase behaviour
S.No Packaging factors r
1 Product Safety (PF1)
.686*
2 Appearance (PF2)
.421**
3 Easy conveyance (PF3)
-.353**
4 Environmental aspects (PF4)
.411*
5 Packaging is making the product more easy to use. (PF5)
-.378**
6 Sachet motivates a consumer to try various products. (PF6)
.342**
7 More attractive packaging is displayed in the main areas of the shops. (PF7)
-.279*
8 Good packaging is taken as symbol of better quality product. (PF8)
.447*
9 More eco-friendly packaging is available in the market. (PF9)
.472**
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The demographic factors like education (r=.558**
) and Income in rupees (r=.421*
) are having
strongly correlations with the Packaging factors at the 0.01 and 0.05 level significant level of
FMCG items and age in years (-.319**
), gender(-.402**
), and Occupation (-.413**
) are having
negative correlation with the Packaging factors of FMCG products. Whereas, packaging
factors like Product Safety (r=.686*
), More eco-friendly packaging is available in the market
(r=.472**
) and Good packaging is taken as symbol of better quality product. (r=.447*
) are
having strong association between the product packaging factors and consumer buying
behaviour at the 0.01 and 0.05 level significant level and factors like Easy conveyance
(r=.353**
) and More attractive packaging is displayed in the main areas of the shops (r=.279*
)
are having negative linear ship with buying behaviour of the consumers.
IX. LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH
No research is without certain limitation specifically in the case of surveys conducted through
structured questionnaires or personal interviews. So, the outcomes of the present study are
limited or geographically responses may vary. By giving attention to these apparent reasons,
we can see the following limitations: The sample is drawn from Hyderabad city; therefore,
the sample may not represent the whole population. Hence, the limitation of generalization
will be there. A sample size of 825 respondents has been selected in and around Hyderabad
city as related to the universe, bias respondents responses, deficiency of published /
unpublished literature on Product packaging strategies and time restriction could be some
limitations. This study is not consider total FMCG product packaging, Since few categories
in FMCG products are considered, like Personal care products (Cosmetics), Dairy products
(Milk, Ghee, Ice cream), Food products (Biscuits, Bread, Cakes) and Beverages (Soft drinks
& Energy drinks) and only to evaluate the packaging strategies impact on the purchase
behaviour of final selected respondents. Personal bias of respondents while answering the
question may have skewed the results slightly, although an effort has been made to verify the
results through all sorts of quantitative and qualitative.
X. CONCLUSIONS
This has a look at attempted to explore the impact of FMCG packaging factors on consumer
buying behaviour and try to realize its impact within the selection-making by trying to
consolidate the various view points to reach at an end that can better give an explanation for
the notion of rationality and on the equal time the act of intake Ultimately, the researcher
concluded that The entrepreneurs observed that factors product packaging factors influence
the consumer purchase notion. As for the results of profile of the respondents showed that
28% of respondents belonged to the group of 21-30 years and those belonging 31-40 years of
the age accounted for 27%, and followed with gender profile, male respondents accounted for
a higher percentage 70%, when compared to female respondents 29%, With respect to the
educational status, 63% of the respondents had secure Post-Graduation, 28% of the
respondents were graduation, The majority of the respondents working as a employees 36%,
30% of the respondents ware govt employee, The income of the respondents in the case of
38% of the respondents ranged from Rs.30,001-40,000; while 24% reported to have a
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019
Available at www.ijsred.com
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page394
monthly income Rs.40,001-50,000; According through respected hypothesis, HO1 reveals
there is a statistical significance of product related factors on the demographic factors of
consumers and followed with H02, there is a significance impact of FMCG packaging
factors on the consumer buying behaviour.
Acknowledgement
We thankful and grateful to the earlier contributions as references of the journals for their
extremely useful suggestions to improve quality of the article for carryout this task.
REFERENCES
[1]. Aaker, D. A. Managing Brand Equity, New York: The Free Press, (1991).
[2]. Aaker, D.A."Measuring brand equity across products and markets". California Management Review, 38(3), 1996, 102−121.
[3]. Alvarez, A. & Casielles, and R.V. "Consumer evaluation of sales promotion: The effect on brand choice". European Journal of
Marketing, 39(1/2), 2005, 54–70.
[4]. Baik, S. “Package design management in SMEs”, Diversity and Management, 2011, pp: 1-6.
[5]. Bambang Sukma Wijaya. "Dimensions of Brand Image: A Conceptual Review from the Perspective of Brand Communication.
European Journal of Business and Management", 5(31), 2013.
[6]. Behzad, M. “The art of packaging: An investigation into the role of color in packaging, marketing, and branding”, International
Journal of Organizational Leadership, 2014, pp. 92-102.
[7]. Borin, N., Cerf, D.C., & Krishnan, R. "Consumer effects of environmental impact in product labelling". Journal of Consumer
Marketing, 28(1), 2011, pp. 76-86.
[8]. Coulson, N.S. "An application of the stages of change model to consumer use of food labels", British Food Journal, 102(9),
2000, 661-8.
[9]. Hollywood, L., Wells, L., Armstrong, G. & Farley, H. "Thinking outside the carton: attitudes towards milk packaging". British
Food Journal,115(6), 2013, 899- 912.
[10]. Labrecque, L., Patrick, V. M., & Milne, G. R. "The marketers’ prismatic palette: A review of color research and future
directions". Psychology & Marketing, 2013, Vol. 30(2).
[11]. Muhammad Amir Adam and Kamran Ali. “Impact of Verbal Elements of Packaging of Packaged Milk on Consumer Buying
Behaviour”. International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol. 5: No. 5(1), 2014.
[12]. Noorani, H.S., & Setty, K. “Three Steps for Successful implementation of Sales Portals in CPG companies”. International
Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 35, 2007, 746-749.
[13]. Rundh, B."The Multi-faceted dimension of packaging: marketing logistic or marketing tool?". British Food Journal, 107(9),
2005, 670-84.
[14]. Saeed, R., Lodhi, R.N., Rauf, A., Rana, M.I., Mahmood, Z., and Ahmed, N. "Impact of Labelling on Customer Buying
Behaviour in Sahiwal, Pakistan". World Applied Sciences, Vol. 24 (9), Journal, 2013.
[15]. Satyendra Singh. "Impact of color on marketing", Management Decision, Vol. 44(6), 2006, 783 - 789.
[16]. Shah, S., Ahmed, A., & Ahmad, N. "Role of Packaging in Consumer Buying Behaviour". International Review of Basic and
Applied Sciences, 1(2), 2013, 35–41.
[17]. Sharma, N., Sudha, R. "Packaging and Fast Moving Consumer Goods with Special Reference to Shampoos in Rural
Perspectives". International journal of enhanced research in educational development, Vol. 2(5), 2014, 16-20.
[18]. Silayoi, P. and Speece, M. “Packaging and purchase decisions: a focus group study on the impact of involvement level and time
pressure”, British Food Journal, Vol. 106 No. 8, 2004, 607-28.
[19]. Thomas Sioutis. “Effects of Packaging design on consumer expectations of food product healthiness”, Aarhus School Of
Business, Department of Marketing and Statistics, 2011; pp. 5-6.

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IJSRED-V2I3P42

  • 1. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Impact of Packaging Factors Behaviour: A Study * Maloth Naresh Naik ( *Research scholar, Dept. Business management, ( ** Post Doctoral Fellow, Abstract: Product Packaging is assumed a crucial job in the manufacture an appropriate affordable favourable position and it is one of the significant devices for the intended interest group by best bundling variables. The point of paper is to examine the variables of FMCG item bundling. The motivation behind this paper is to assess the effect of packaging factors on buy conduct of buyers towa study was restricted to Hyderabad city. A structure poll was utilized to gauge the effect of bundling factors on buy conduct of shoppers and each age of the individual was focused in this examination consider for to items, with test measure 825 respondents and tried through expressive insights, rates, ANOVA, connection and different relapse investigation by utilizing SPSS 20.0 Version. The consequence of the examination demonstrated that, HO1 reveals that there is a measurable hugeness of item related factors on the statistic elements of customers and pursued. With H02, there are an essentials effect of FMCG Packaging factors on the buyer purchasing conduct and connection results demonstrates that their solid connection between the education and Income in rupees with the packaging variables, and packaging factors like Product Safety, eco-friendly packaging, quality bundling having great relationship with the buy conduct of the buyers. Keywords: Packaging, Product, consumer behaviour. I. INTRODUCTION Now, packaging has turn out to be itself a sales merchandising device for the corporations. The client’s shopping for conduct additionally inspired by means of the packaging satisfactory, colour, wrapper, and other characteristics of packaging. Packaging i bundle that will become a remaining promoting proposition, which stimulates impulse buying behaviour. Packaging will increase income and marketplace percentage and decreases marketplace and promotional fees. Consistent with (Rundh, 2005) packag patron’s attentiveness toward a positive brand, will increase its photograph, and stimulates purchaser’s perceptions about product. Moreover, packaging conveys exceptional price to merchandise (Underwood, 2003; Silayoi, & Speece, 2007), pack for differentiation, and allows clients to decide the product from huge range of parallel products, packaging also stimulates patron’s shopping for behaviour (Wells, Farley & Armstrong, 2007). Preceding researches show that the of packaging cloth and bundle elements. There is also disagreement concerning the International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3 Available at www.ijsred.com ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved f Packaging Factors on Consumer Behaviour: A Study on FMCG stock Maloth Naresh Naik, **Dr. Rambabu Lavuri 2 Dept. Business management, Osmania University, Hyderabad Fellow, Dept. Business management, Osmania University, Product Packaging is assumed a crucial job in the manufacture an appropriate affordable favourable position and it is one of the significant devices for advertising to impart the intended interest group by best bundling variables. The point of paper is to examine the variables of FMCG item bundling. The motivation behind this paper is to assess the effect of packaging factors on buy conduct of buyers towards chose FMCG stocks. In the extent of study was restricted to Hyderabad city. A structure poll was utilized to gauge the effect of bundling factors on buy conduct of shoppers and each age of the individual was focused in this examination consider for to get the buy conduct of purchaser towards FMCG with chose items, with test measure 825 respondents and tried through expressive insights, rates, ANOVA, connection and different relapse investigation by utilizing SPSS 20.0 Version. The mination demonstrated that, HO1 reveals that there is a measurable hugeness of item related factors on the statistic elements of customers and pursued. With H02, there are an essentials effect of FMCG Packaging factors on the buyer purchasing onnection results demonstrates that their solid connection between the education and Income in rupees with the packaging variables, and packaging factors like friendly packaging, quality bundling having great relationship with the Packaging, Product, Product Safety, Eco-friendly packaging, quality packaging, Now, packaging has turn out to be itself a sales merchandising device for the corporations. The client’s shopping for conduct additionally inspired by means of the packaging satisfactory, colour, wrapper, and other characteristics of packaging. Packaging i bundle that will become a remaining promoting proposition, which stimulates impulse buying behaviour. Packaging will increase income and marketplace percentage and decreases marketplace and promotional fees. Consistent with (Rundh, 2005) package deal appeals patron’s attentiveness toward a positive brand, will increase its photograph, and stimulates purchaser’s perceptions about product. Moreover, packaging conveys exceptional price to merchandise (Underwood, 2003; Silayoi, & Speece, 2007), packaging works as an instrument for differentiation, and allows clients to decide the product from huge range of parallel products, packaging also stimulates patron’s shopping for behaviour (Wells, Farley & Armstrong, 2007). Preceding researches show that there's no settlement on overall category of packaging cloth and bundle elements. There is also disagreement concerning the Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 www.ijsred.com Page384 n Consumer Osmania University, Hyderabad.) University, ) Product Packaging is assumed a crucial job in the manufacture an appropriate advertising to impart the intended interest group by best bundling variables. The point of paper is to examine the variables of FMCG item bundling. The motivation behind this paper is to assess the effect of rds chose FMCG stocks. In the extent of study was restricted to Hyderabad city. A structure poll was utilized to gauge the effect of bundling factors on buy conduct of shoppers and each age of the individual was focused in get the buy conduct of purchaser towards FMCG with chose items, with test measure 825 respondents and tried through expressive insights, rates, ANOVA, connection and different relapse investigation by utilizing SPSS 20.0 Version. The mination demonstrated that, HO1 reveals that there is a measurable hugeness of item related factors on the statistic elements of customers and pursued. With H02, there are an essentials effect of FMCG Packaging factors on the buyer purchasing onnection results demonstrates that their solid connection between the education and Income in rupees with the packaging variables, and packaging factors like friendly packaging, quality bundling having great relationship with the friendly packaging, quality packaging, Now, packaging has turn out to be itself a sales merchandising device for the corporations. The client’s shopping for conduct additionally inspired by means of the packaging satisfactory, colour, wrapper, and other characteristics of packaging. Packaging is an entire bundle that will become a remaining promoting proposition, which stimulates impulse buying behaviour. Packaging will increase income and marketplace percentage and decreases e deal appeals patron’s attentiveness toward a positive brand, will increase its photograph, and stimulates purchaser’s perceptions about product. Moreover, packaging conveys exceptional price to aging works as an instrument for differentiation, and allows clients to decide the product from huge range of parallel products, packaging also stimulates patron’s shopping for behaviour (Wells, Farley & re's no settlement on overall category of packaging cloth and bundle elements. There is also disagreement concerning the
  • 2. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page385 techniques of package impact on consumer’s shopping for behaviour choice. Several researchers try to have a look at all capacity factors of packaging and their impact on purchaser’s buying selection (Butkeviciene, Stravinskiene, & Rutelione, 2008), but others attention on distinct elements of packaging and their influence on client shopping conduct (Ampuero & Vila, 2006; Madden, Hewett, & Roth, M, 2000; Underwood, Klein, & Burke, 2001; Bloch, 1995). Moreover, a few researchers discover the impact of packaging and its features on purchaser’s entire purchase selection (Underwood, Klein, & Burke, 2001), while, a few others – on every step of client’s selection-making technique (Butkeviciene, Stravinskiene, & Rutelione, 2008). Brand photo and advertisement have sturdy an impact on and big dating with patron’s buying conduct. Human beings perceive the brand photo with high quality mindset. Look at depicted that teens in Gujranwala are extra conscious about their social repute, so that they choose branded merchandise and commercial impacts on their customer buying Behaviour definitely (Malik, Ghafoor, Iqbal, Ali, Hunbal, Noman, and Ahmed, 2013). II. LITERATURE REVIEW Packaging acts multidimensional capabilities. It offers expertise about the product and company, a technique to speak with customers and safeguard to the pleasant of product (Silayoi & Speece, 2007). In line with (Rita Kuvykaite, 2009) to have a look at reveals the self-carrier and changing clients’ way of life having the last impact on purchaser choice. Increase in impulse shopping for conduct labelling is also speaking to the purchaser (Saeed, Lodhi, Mukhtar, Hussain, Mahmood and Ahmad 2013), combine the logo photo, brand attachment and environmental consequences and their impact on purchaser purchase selection. Elaborates that emblem photo don’t have an effective relation with buy decision, emblem attachment has a moderate superb relation with buy selection and environmental consequences but don’t have a positive relation with buy selection (Ahmed & Kazim, 2011). The purchasers buy extra quantity of the products, after looking a nicely-classified product. Therefore, labelling impacts the patron shopping for behaviour, however there are some different elements additionally, which affect the patron shopping for conduct (Saeed, Lodhi, Rauf, Rana, Mahmood & Ahmed, 2013). In recent times, humans have become extra worried in the direction of green shopping because of a grown cognizance for environmental protection. Inexperienced buying is basically the act of buying environmental friendly products. The research model in this take a look at examines the effects of predictor variables (environmental situation, organizational green image and environmental expertise) upon criterion variable (inexperienced buy goal) with the moderating impact of perceived product rate and first-class (Underwood, 2003; Rettie & Brewer, 2000; Barber, Almanza, & Donovan, 2006). (Adelina & Morgan, 2007) conclude that Packaging can be treated as one of the most valuable tools in this day’s advertising communications; Packaging has a vital effect on customers shopping for conduct. The effect of packaging and its elements can impact the patron’s buy selection (Ahmed et.al, 2014). In keeping with (Karbasivar & Yarahmadi, 2011), greater clothing impulse shopping for and promotional methods (cash cut-price) utilization among sample, in addition to in-save shape show (window display) has important
  • 3. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page386 function to encourage purchasers to shop for impulse. They can present complementary products to encourage patron to buy impulse. Also, sealers can boom clothing impulse shopping for with redecorating their stores in modern-day fashion and use appealing lights and colourings. The end result of the take a look at proves that there's a pivotal courting between window display, credit score card, promotional sports (discount, unfastened product) and customer impulse buying behaviour (Alice, 2006). In line with (Erzsebet & Zoltan, 2007) each the qualitative and quantitative studies confirmed that respondents adopted similar threat reduction strategies of their purchase of infant care products. These studies investigated consumer perceptions and buying behaviour of baby care products. The consequences of the number one research showed those consumers’ needs glad about the product in phrases of reliability and performance and packaging. In keeping with (Butkeviciene, Stravinskiene and A. Rutelione, 2008), impulse buying is indeed an applicable component in CE retailing, for this reason justifying using sales packaging. But, optimization is still important. From a cheap and environmental attitude it is very steeply-priced to apply income packaging (with additional fabric use and transport extent) to products that don't want them, or to use them in a useless way. (Saeed, Lodhi, Mukhtar, Hussain, Mahmood and Ahmad, 2011), combine the emblem picture, brand attachment and environmental outcomes and their impact on client buy decision. Elaborates that emblem image don’t have an effective relation with purchase selection, brand attachment has a moderate superb relation with purchase decision and environmental consequences however don’t have a high quality relation with purchase choice (Ahmed, Arif & Meenai, 2012). Muhammad Amir Adam and Kamran Ali (2014) found of their studies that the consumers like to buy properly packaged merchandise. it is also depends at the credibility of the brand of that product. so it is very critical for neighbourhood manufacturers to beautify their packaging fashion for which they can without difficulty compete with the massive businesses. Because if international manufacturers comes into the marketplace to avail this possibility then truly the income of nearby emblem decreases. To overcome this hassle neighbourhood logo must use patriotic colors in packaging in addition to show acquainted subculture of their packaging to get fulfilment within the market. The function of packaging as a medium for communication and branding is growing in competitive markets for fmcg products. Packaging is the jar or a field or a safety for a product. Packaging consists of the names and the brand names, emblem emblems, snap shots of the product, exclusive forms of labels such as ingredients, manufacturing and expiry date, warnings, price, the use of method of the product, agency call, organisation area and so forth. And the principle characteristic of the packaging is to effortlessly and thoroughly distribute the goods. (Neeta & Sudha, 2014). The research conducted by using Saeed, Lodhi, Mukhtar, Hussain, Mahmood and Ahmad (2013), include the effect of brand image, brand attachment and environmental effects on consumers purchase decision and the examiner well-known shows that logo photograph haven't any fantastic relation with the purchaser purchase choice and brand attachment and environment effects have moderate high quality relation but no high quality relation with the patron buy decision. Packaging is one of the main components of promoting, designing and plays a n crucial position in advertising and marketing. Behzad (2014) describe in his research that colours and pictures play essential key roles in promoting product sales. Color is an outstanding supply of records to speak with the customers either negatively or positively and its miles predicted that sixty two-90% of human beings evaluation and assessment is primarily based on shades on my own. (Singh, 2006). Hues have many consequences on
  • 4. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page387 purchaser’s mind, emotions and behaviours; so marketer have to cognizance at the long hired of colors as a visible device to help cognition and mind and grasp client’s interest towards the product. (Labrecque, Patrick,& Milne,2013). As it is said that green colour draws the human beings as it is part of nature so it attracts people towards itself. like this, a enterprise must be greater cantered even as choosing a packaging shade as a way to impact on product for a long term and will also have an impact on at the shopping for behaviour of the purchasers. The packaging cloth and wrappers are also very essential elements in product packaging; as maximum of the purchaser’s didn’t buy the products due to creepy packaging material and wrappers. The study famous that consumers consider in a product or brand declines regularly while its packaging is broken-as much as 55% of buyers left the emblem, and 36% move toward any other brand. The cloth and wrappers also are affect the income as if the product is of true nice however it has no powerful and properly material of packaging the clients will see and circulate in the direction of any other product which has of nice fabric and thrilling wrapper designs. There may be no enormous distinction among product worried clients and uninvolved ones in terms of package design alternatives for the future health expectations that it generates. (Thomas, 2011). Any other studies of (Baik, 2011) explained that whenever a company design a excessive degree product having advanced factors and to appearance a excellent effect of labelling on clients shopping for behaviour so they may goal the top magnificence. Because top elegance people are those cantered market which might be greater acutely aware of their self picture within the society and for this reason they want to be more regular cautious whilst selecting any emblem or product. By and large they show themselves as a totally elegant group of the society so if the packaging of any product could be designed according to thoughts set and demands of the humans so it adjustments the behaviour or buying and increase the revenue. Producers need to build the applicable changes in product to satisfy the consumers need and differentiate them with their competition. Innovation in a product measures some vital elements for growing potency and effectiveness. (Noorani & Setty, 2007). due to the fact all and sundry need something new after a certain time period and for this a company usually preserve changes its strategies and product designs , capabilities , colourings and someday they add greater flavours to that product line to have interaction the customers toward that specific emblem. Another studies carried out with the aid of (Rundh, 2005) he similarly explains the multifaceted dimensions and try to supply or offer clever tips for organising a variety between selling device & promoting supply. a examine performed by means of (Borin et al. ,2011) achieved an investigation wherein he take out the result of numerous degrees of environmental data on key purchaser metrics& also evaluated environmentally benign products as opposed to those peoples who've bad environmental impacts. Those client notion of product high-quality, price have been reportable by them and also they get intentions didn’t disagree substantially between product and fantastic messages from the surroundings and those and not using a message. They discover that product with poor environmental messages had been all through lower than products with superb environmental messages. III. OBJECTIVES Following are the primary objective of the study • To determine whether factors related to product packaging are affected by the demographic of the consumers. • To examine the effect of FMCG packaging factors on the consumer buying behaviours. IV. HYPOTHESIS
  • 5. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page388 Following are the hypothesis of the study • HO2: There is no significant impact of factors related to the product packaging are affected by the demographic of the consumers • HO2: There is no significant impact of packaging factors on consumer buying behaviour towards packaging of FMCG packaging. V. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY With the end goal of the present examination, bundling is be conceptualized as "Bundling includes advancing, securing and upgrading the item". Bundling advances the items by pulling into consideration. The principal limited time assignment of the bundle is to pull in consideration. Since discernment is particular, the bundle ought to be intended to draw in consideration in an outwardly jumbled condition. It ought to likewise educate the purchaser about the item. Bundles add to moment acknowledgment of organization or brand and induce the purchaser to get it. The bundle imparts more to the buyer than the real item, at the purpose of procurement where the customer chooses. The bundle must pass on the privilege of enthusiastic characteristics about the item that it fills the customer's need. Packaging having a greater role to influence the consumers by the greater image, it contains the ideal information, characteristics, and advantages of the product. Product packaging is one of the strategies of every organization, it is the internal strategy that increasing sales flow by attracting more customers. VI. METHODOLOGY • Research Design: Descriptive research • Sources of data: The study is concerned with the consumer perception and product packaging strategies, based on that source of the data collected from Primary source of data is collected from the respondents through structured questionnaire and interviews. It was in order to collect data on the product packaging strategies which affect on consumer purchase perception. Secondary data is collected from various Journals, Periodicals such as Magazines, Business newspapers, and from subject related books and websites. • Sample Size: 825 Respondents From Hyderabad City Base on the Cochran's formula (infinity population), the sample size selected is 825. The sample size selected from the sample area i.e Hyderabad city, Telangana state. For mountain accuracy, reliability and validity of the data very small and large size samples are avoided. Because of the very small size sample having an inappropriate representation of the total sample area and large size sample have very difficult to handling all the process and managing data in a proper way. • Data collections methods: Data has been collected using structure questionnaire through customer survey method and personal interview of consumers with help of Convenience sampling method, Statistical tools like ANOVAs, Correlation and Multiple Regression using SPSS 20.0 has been used. VII. CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK
  • 6. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page389 Figure: 1 Conceptual frame work VIII. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS a. General profile of Respondents: The frequency distribution of demographic variables is presented in the following table. TABLE I PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS Particulars Classification No of Responses Percentage Age Below 20 Years 180 21.8 21-30 Years 234 28.4 31-40 Years 228 27.6 41-50 Years 137 16.6 51 and Above 46 5.6 Gender Male 582 70.5 Female 243 29.5 Education SSC 77 9.3 Intermediate 100 12.1 Degree 234 28.4 pg degree 273 33.1 PG and above 141 17.1 Occupation Govt Employee 252 30.5 Private Employee 299 36.2 Business 98 11.9 Home Maker 84 10.2 Student 92 11.2 Monthly income (in rupees) below 20,000 86 10.4 20,001-30,000 125 15.2 30.001 - 40,000 318 38.5 40,001-50,000 203 24.6
  • 7. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page390 50,001 and above 93 11.3 Total n = 825 100% Age: More than 28.4% candidates belongs the age group of 21-30 years and above, and 27.6%, 21.8%, 16.6% and 5.6% by the age of 31-40 years, below 20 years, 41-50 years and 51 and above years respectively. Gender: From the above desk it is evident that 70.5% of the whole respondents belong to male accompanied by 29.5% through female respective. Education: It is found from above table, that extra than 33.1% of the respondents belongs to pg, and followed with 28.4%, 17.1%, 12.1%, and 9.3% belongs to degree, pg and above, intermediate and SSC respectively. Occupation: It is evident from above table, that more than 36.2% of the respondents working as private employee, and it is observed that 30.5%, 11.9%, 11.2% and 10.2% working as govt employee, Business, Student and Homemaker respectively. Income in rupees: 38.5% of family have an income between 30,001-40,000 followed by 24.6%, 15.2%, 11.3% and 10.4% with the income of 40,001-50,000, 20,001- 30,000, and 50,001 and above and below 20,000 have family income level of respondents. Table II Scale construction Questionnaire Items Alpha Media exposure 4 Items 0.761 Packaging Factors 9 Items 0.768 This confirms the validity and reliability of present studies paper. Major variables: Media exposure and product packaging Factors on client notion are considered. Alpha values were calculated one after the other for each the variables to test for the reliability and validity of the destiny take a look at. The Cronbach's alpha values for Media exposure and product packaging strategies are observed to be 0.761 and 0.768. b. ANOVAs HO1: There is no significant impact of Factor related to Product Packaging is affected by the demographic of consumers. Table III ANOVA Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig. Age in years Between Groups 108.779 10 10.878 8.813 .000 Within Groups 1004.736 814 1.234 Total 1113.515 824 Gender Between Groups 9.965 14 .712 3.493 .000 Within Groups 165.060 810 .204 Total 175.025 824 Education Between Groups 77.069 14 5.505 4.395 .000 Within Groups 1014.526 810 1.253 Total 1091.595 824 Occupation Between Groups 112.448 14 8.032 5.006 .000 Within Groups 1299.612 810 1.604 Total 1412.061 824
  • 8. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page391 Income in rupees Between Groups 65.685 14 4.692 4.166 .000 Within Groups 912.150 810 1.126 Total 977.835 824 The above disk reveals the opinion of the respondents towards Product Packaging Factors, with respect to the socioeconomically factors i.e. Age, Gender, Education, Occupation and Income in rupees. It reveals that, the mean difference of the respected respondents from the population and their sum of the square difference between the groups. Followed by, Age group in years shows that 108.779 is the between-group variation the population. If the value is very small it indicates that the mean of the sample is very close to each other in the between groups. 1004.736 is the variation of within groups of age group respondents. The disk also shows that F-distribution and its value 8.813. Finally, the age group significance value 0.000 is less than 0.05. Which is indicating that the null hypothesis can be rejected? So age is influenced by the Product Packaging Factors. And followed with Socioeconomic factors like Gender, Education, Occupation and income in rupees of between groups variations are 9.965, 77.069, 112.448, 65.685 and they're Within group variations are 165.060, 1014.526, 1299.612, 912.150. F-Statistic values are 3.493, 4.395, 5.006 and 4.166 followed with a significant level are 0.00, 0.00, 0.000 and 0.000, all significance values of socio-economical factors of respondents are less than 0.05. So it's indicating that the alternative hypothesis accepted due to the null hypothesis can be rejected. Therefore all Product Packaging is affected by the demographics of consumers. HO2: There is no significant impact of packaging factors on consumer buying behaviour towards packaging of FMCG packaging. Table - IV ANOVA Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Product Safety (PF1) Between Groups 38.961 7 5.566 4.722 .000 Within Groups 962.917 817 1.179 Total 1001.879 824 Appearance (PF2) Between Groups 108.836 7 15.548 16.154 .000 Within Groups 786.371 817 .963 Total 895.207 824 Easy conveyance (PF3) Between Groups 75.816 7 10.831 14.465 .000 Within Groups 611.743 817 .749 Total 687.559 824 Environmental aspects (PF4) Between Groups 57.365 7 8.195 6.679 .000 Within Groups 1002.514 817 1.227 Total 1059.879 824 Packaging is making the product more easy to use. (PF5) Between Groups 37.030 7 5.290 5.485 .000 Within Groups 787.887 817 .964 Total 824.916 824 Sachet motivates a consumer to try various products. (PF6) Between Groups 72.750 7 10.393 7.537 .000 Within Groups 1126.567 817 1.379 Total 1199.316 824 More attractive packaging is displayed in the main areas of the shops. (PF7) Between Groups 98.924 7 14.132 22.013 .000 Within Groups 524.511 817 .642 Total 623.435 824 Good packaging is taken as symbol of better Between Groups 15.088 7 2.155 3.006 .004 Within Groups 585.814 817 .717
  • 9. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page392 quality product. (PF8) Total 600.902 824 More eco-friendly packaging is available in the market. (PF9) Between Groups 178.495 7 25.499 24.749 .000 Within Groups 841.767 817 1.030 Total 1020.262 824 The disk indicated that 38.961 is the between-group variation in the group of PF1 and consumer purchase behaviour and 962.917 is the within-group variation. The box also reveals that F-distribution 4.722, Followed by, the level of significance is .05 is less than 0.05. Through this, the Alternative hypothesis accepted and the null hypothesis is rejected. And followed with Product Packaging Factors like PF2, PF3, PF4, PF5, PF6, PF7, PF8 and PF9 between groups variations are 108.836, 75.816, 57.365, 37.030, 72.750, 98.924, 15.088 and 178.495. Their variance in within group value is 786.371, 611.743, 1002.514, 787.887, 1126.567, 524.511, 585.814 and 841.767. F-Statistic values are 16.154, 14.465, 6.679, 5.485, 7.537, 22.013, 3.006 and 24.749 followed with significant level are 0.000, 0.000, .000, .000, .000, .000, 0.004 and 0.000, all are less than 0.05 except 0.200. Finally, the results indicate that the Alternative hypothesis of a statement accepted while rejected the Null hypothesis. So the product packaging factors are significantly impact on the consumer purchase behaviour. C. Correlations: Correlation is applied for the finding the degree of relationship between two selected variables and it also help identify the strength of association between the selected variables followed by it is describing linear relationship between two variables. Table V Correlations between the demographic of consumers and Packaging factors S.No Demographic factors of consumers Pearson Correlations (r) 1 Age in years -.319** 2 Genders -.402** 3 Education .558** 4 Occupation -.413** 5 Income in rupees .421* **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed) *. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). Table V Correlations between the Packaging factors and Consumer purchase behaviour S.No Packaging factors r 1 Product Safety (PF1) .686* 2 Appearance (PF2) .421** 3 Easy conveyance (PF3) -.353** 4 Environmental aspects (PF4) .411* 5 Packaging is making the product more easy to use. (PF5) -.378** 6 Sachet motivates a consumer to try various products. (PF6) .342** 7 More attractive packaging is displayed in the main areas of the shops. (PF7) -.279* 8 Good packaging is taken as symbol of better quality product. (PF8) .447* 9 More eco-friendly packaging is available in the market. (PF9) .472**
  • 10. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page393 The demographic factors like education (r=.558** ) and Income in rupees (r=.421* ) are having strongly correlations with the Packaging factors at the 0.01 and 0.05 level significant level of FMCG items and age in years (-.319** ), gender(-.402** ), and Occupation (-.413** ) are having negative correlation with the Packaging factors of FMCG products. Whereas, packaging factors like Product Safety (r=.686* ), More eco-friendly packaging is available in the market (r=.472** ) and Good packaging is taken as symbol of better quality product. (r=.447* ) are having strong association between the product packaging factors and consumer buying behaviour at the 0.01 and 0.05 level significant level and factors like Easy conveyance (r=.353** ) and More attractive packaging is displayed in the main areas of the shops (r=.279* ) are having negative linear ship with buying behaviour of the consumers. IX. LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH No research is without certain limitation specifically in the case of surveys conducted through structured questionnaires or personal interviews. So, the outcomes of the present study are limited or geographically responses may vary. By giving attention to these apparent reasons, we can see the following limitations: The sample is drawn from Hyderabad city; therefore, the sample may not represent the whole population. Hence, the limitation of generalization will be there. A sample size of 825 respondents has been selected in and around Hyderabad city as related to the universe, bias respondents responses, deficiency of published / unpublished literature on Product packaging strategies and time restriction could be some limitations. This study is not consider total FMCG product packaging, Since few categories in FMCG products are considered, like Personal care products (Cosmetics), Dairy products (Milk, Ghee, Ice cream), Food products (Biscuits, Bread, Cakes) and Beverages (Soft drinks & Energy drinks) and only to evaluate the packaging strategies impact on the purchase behaviour of final selected respondents. Personal bias of respondents while answering the question may have skewed the results slightly, although an effort has been made to verify the results through all sorts of quantitative and qualitative. X. CONCLUSIONS This has a look at attempted to explore the impact of FMCG packaging factors on consumer buying behaviour and try to realize its impact within the selection-making by trying to consolidate the various view points to reach at an end that can better give an explanation for the notion of rationality and on the equal time the act of intake Ultimately, the researcher concluded that The entrepreneurs observed that factors product packaging factors influence the consumer purchase notion. As for the results of profile of the respondents showed that 28% of respondents belonged to the group of 21-30 years and those belonging 31-40 years of the age accounted for 27%, and followed with gender profile, male respondents accounted for a higher percentage 70%, when compared to female respondents 29%, With respect to the educational status, 63% of the respondents had secure Post-Graduation, 28% of the respondents were graduation, The majority of the respondents working as a employees 36%, 30% of the respondents ware govt employee, The income of the respondents in the case of 38% of the respondents ranged from Rs.30,001-40,000; while 24% reported to have a
  • 11. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2Issue 3, May 2019 Available at www.ijsred.com ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page394 monthly income Rs.40,001-50,000; According through respected hypothesis, HO1 reveals there is a statistical significance of product related factors on the demographic factors of consumers and followed with H02, there is a significance impact of FMCG packaging factors on the consumer buying behaviour. Acknowledgement We thankful and grateful to the earlier contributions as references of the journals for their extremely useful suggestions to improve quality of the article for carryout this task. REFERENCES [1]. Aaker, D. A. Managing Brand Equity, New York: The Free Press, (1991). [2]. Aaker, D.A."Measuring brand equity across products and markets". California Management Review, 38(3), 1996, 102−121. [3]. Alvarez, A. & Casielles, and R.V. "Consumer evaluation of sales promotion: The effect on brand choice". European Journal of Marketing, 39(1/2), 2005, 54–70. [4]. Baik, S. “Package design management in SMEs”, Diversity and Management, 2011, pp: 1-6. [5]. Bambang Sukma Wijaya. "Dimensions of Brand Image: A Conceptual Review from the Perspective of Brand Communication. European Journal of Business and Management", 5(31), 2013. [6]. Behzad, M. “The art of packaging: An investigation into the role of color in packaging, marketing, and branding”, International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 2014, pp. 92-102. [7]. Borin, N., Cerf, D.C., & Krishnan, R. "Consumer effects of environmental impact in product labelling". Journal of Consumer Marketing, 28(1), 2011, pp. 76-86. [8]. Coulson, N.S. "An application of the stages of change model to consumer use of food labels", British Food Journal, 102(9), 2000, 661-8. [9]. Hollywood, L., Wells, L., Armstrong, G. & Farley, H. "Thinking outside the carton: attitudes towards milk packaging". British Food Journal,115(6), 2013, 899- 912. [10]. Labrecque, L., Patrick, V. M., & Milne, G. R. "The marketers’ prismatic palette: A review of color research and future directions". Psychology & Marketing, 2013, Vol. 30(2). [11]. Muhammad Amir Adam and Kamran Ali. “Impact of Verbal Elements of Packaging of Packaged Milk on Consumer Buying Behaviour”. International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol. 5: No. 5(1), 2014. [12]. Noorani, H.S., & Setty, K. “Three Steps for Successful implementation of Sales Portals in CPG companies”. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 35, 2007, 746-749. [13]. Rundh, B."The Multi-faceted dimension of packaging: marketing logistic or marketing tool?". British Food Journal, 107(9), 2005, 670-84. [14]. Saeed, R., Lodhi, R.N., Rauf, A., Rana, M.I., Mahmood, Z., and Ahmed, N. "Impact of Labelling on Customer Buying Behaviour in Sahiwal, Pakistan". World Applied Sciences, Vol. 24 (9), Journal, 2013. [15]. Satyendra Singh. "Impact of color on marketing", Management Decision, Vol. 44(6), 2006, 783 - 789. [16]. Shah, S., Ahmed, A., & Ahmad, N. "Role of Packaging in Consumer Buying Behaviour". International Review of Basic and Applied Sciences, 1(2), 2013, 35–41. [17]. Sharma, N., Sudha, R. "Packaging and Fast Moving Consumer Goods with Special Reference to Shampoos in Rural Perspectives". International journal of enhanced research in educational development, Vol. 2(5), 2014, 16-20. [18]. Silayoi, P. and Speece, M. “Packaging and purchase decisions: a focus group study on the impact of involvement level and time pressure”, British Food Journal, Vol. 106 No. 8, 2004, 607-28. [19]. Thomas Sioutis. “Effects of Packaging design on consumer expectations of food product healthiness”, Aarhus School Of Business, Department of Marketing and Statistics, 2011; pp. 5-6.