Inclusive Design - from niche to normal
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The document discusses how populations are aging globally and becoming more diverse, with more people living with disabilities or health conditions. By 2050, there will be 2 billion people over age 60 worldwide and the ratio of working-age people to those over 65 will drop to 4:1 in many countries. This demographic shift means products and services need to be designed to be usable by as many people as reasonably possible. Inclusive design aims to make mainstream products accessible to more of the population without needing specialized adaptations. The challenges of aging and diversity are normal aspects of being human, so inclusive design is important to support independent living for more people as they get older.
Inclusive Design - from niche to normal
- 1. Inclusive Design – from niche to normal Mobile Inclusive Design, UXPA 20th September 2012 Ian Hosking
- 2. 2 Engineering Design Centre
- 3. Designed for humans? 3 Engineering Design Centre
- 4. A look at being human 4 Engineering Design Centre
- 5. Understanding people 62 Million 50 : 50 Gender 11 Million Population Children 5.2 Million 47+ 1 in 10 Left Handed Asthma Half Adults 11 Million Disabled 2 Million 8.5 Million 14 Million Visual Impairment Arthritis Grandparents 2.6 Million Diabetes 8% Men 0.5% Women 9 Million Colour Blind Hearing Impairment 5 5 Engineering Design Centre
- 6. Understanding people It is normal to be different 6 Engineering Design Centre
- 7. The future’s bright, the future’s grey In 1950 there were 200 Million over 60’s worldwide In 2005 673 Million By 2050 2 Billion 7 Engineering Design Centre
- 8. Population change The changing shape of Japan’s population pyramid 8 Engineering Design Centre
- 9. Does it really matter? • In 1950 the PSR was 12:1 Potential Support Ratio (PSR) is the ratio of the number of 15-64 year olds who could support one person 65+ 9 Engineering Design Centre
- 10. Does it really matter? • In 2000 the PSR was 9:1 10 Engineering Design Centre
- 11. Does it really matter? • In 2050 the PSR will be 4:1 11 Engineering Design Centre
- 12. Does it really matter? • In 2050 for the developed world it will be 2:1 Independent living goes from being an aspiration to an imperative 12 Engineering Design Centre
- 13. Inclusive design “Climb into the latest Ferrari sports car and you are unlikely to notice the modifications designed with overweight, arthritic pensioners in mind … the Italian carmaker is just one of many companies grappling with a demographic shift that challenges the fundamental rules of marketing and design … the average buyer of a Ferrari road car is nearing 50 and set to get older. “ - Financial Times, 20 Jan. 2004 13 Engineering Design Centre
- 14. Inclusive design The design of mainstream products and/or services that are accessible to, and usable by, as many people as reasonably possible … … without the need for special adaptation or specialised design (BS 7000:6) 14 Engineering Design Centre
- 15. It is normal to have difficulties Source: It’s Normal to be Different – Applying Inclusive American adults of working age (16-64) from the Microsoft (2003) survey Design in Industry, Hosking, Waller & Clarkson, Interacting with Computers 22 (2010) 496–501 15 Engineering Design Centre
- 16. The Target for Inclusive Design Source: It’s Normal to be Different – Applying Inclusive Design in Industry, Hosking, Waller & Clarkson, Interacting with Computers 22 (2010) 496–501 16 Engineering Design Centre
- 17. Population change • Variation of capability GB Population (%) Age Band 17 Engineering Design Centre
- 18. Real users Vision Hearing Thinking Communication Locomotion Reach & stretch Dexterity 18 Engineering Design Centre
- 19. Vision Ocular Accommodation (Dioptres) Mean 10 Upper limit 12 14 0 2 4 6 8 Lower limit 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Age (Years) 19 Engineering Design Centre
- 20. Font Size 20 Engineering Design Centre
- 21. Font size in action 21 Engineering Design Centre
- 22. What else can you see? 22 Engineering Design Centre
- 23. Hearing 0 -10 Hearing Loss (Decibels) 10-19 years -20 20-29 years -30 30-39 years -40 -50 40-49 years -60 50-59 years -70 60-69 years -80 70-79 years -90 speech -100 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 Frequency (Hertz) 23 Engineering Design Centre
- 24. Thinking 130 120 110 Verbal IQ Mean IQ 100 90 80 Performance IQ 70 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 Age (Years) 24 Engineering Design Centre
- 25. R em % GB Adults ov e W fr om ak e 10.0 12.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 Po fr om cke st t Un an lo db ck y sc re en En Se te Se le rP ct IN le Te ct xt Se ne w A pp le m ct es co sa rr En ge ec te te rn Se nt am le ry e ct fr m om es lis sa t Ty ge pe fie ld Task Ed m it es m sa is ge iPhone Texting pe lt R w et or ur d n Pu to Se tp m nd ai ho n ne m en to u R st et an ur n db to y po ck et M A X Exclusion for Sending a Text (Using the 56pt Font on an iPhone) Large print Font
- 26. It’s not all bad news! • Satisfaction with life index 6 5.8 Mean Satisfaction 5.6 5.4 5.2 5 4.8 4.6 4.4 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 Age (Years) 26 Engineering Design Centre
- 27. Things have got complex “ I have always wished for my computer to be as easy to use as my telephone; my wish has come true because I can no longer figure out how to use my telephone ” Bjarne Stroustrup 27 Engineering Design Centre
- 28. Pushbutton success Softkey & Call handling buttons 28 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 29. Pushbutton success 29 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 30. But… Small five- way keypad 30 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 31. But… 31 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 32. A Detailed Look at Menu Design 32 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 33. Select and confirm menu 33 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 34. Select and confirm menu 34 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 35. The touch revolution 35 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 36. All touches are equal, but some are more equal… Action Function Power Button Press Sleep / out of sleep Press & hold then slide Power off Press & hold Power on Press & hold with home Full reboot key Action Function Press 1x (home screen) Search Press 1x Return home screen Press 1x (edit mode) Exit mode Press 2x Multi-tasking Press 2x (lock screen) iPod app control activation Press 3x Accessibility Home Button Press & hold Voice control 36 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 37. A Game of Hide and Seek… Function Initial Action Visible App launch Press ✔ Open folder Press ✔ Create folder Press & drag app onto app ✗ Browse apps Swipe left & right ✗ Delete App Press & hold ✗ Move App Press & hold ✗ Switch active app Press x2 ✗ Stop active app Press x2 ✗ Search Press x2 or swipe ✗ Return home Press home key ✗ Accessibility Press x3 ✗ Keypad lock Press power key ✗ Orientation lock Press x2 then swipe right ✗ Volume (soft) Press x2 then swipe right x2 ✗ iPod control Press x2 then swipe right ✗ 37 Emporia Telecom & Cambridge University
- 38. 38 Engineering Design Centre
- 39. The Art of Simple 39 Engineering Design Centre
- 40. …forget what you know 40 Engineering Design Centre
- 41. If you forget what you know, what is it? •“Film reel” •“To record calls” •“To see things better - icon looks like glasses” •“To put decimals in numbers” •“Link between two people” “Staple” “Bed” “Linking something – two calls” “Upside down bench” 41 Engineering Design Centre
- 42. As the population ages and we become even more reliant on technology we need to practice… The Art of Simple 42 Engineering Design Centre
- 43. Thank you for listening Ian Hosking
Editor's Notes
- #8: The demographics of the developed world are changing; longer life expectancies and a reduced birth rate are resulting in an increased proportion of older people within the adult population. This is leading to a reduction in the Potential Support Ratio (PSR), which is the number of people aged 15-64 who could support one person aged over 65.