Indicators & Targets Example
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The document discusses indicators and targets used to measure progress towards goals and objectives. It defines indicators as variables that can directly or indirectly measure changes, and notes there are different types of indicators including impact, outcome, process, output, and input indicators. Targets specify the desired level of an indicator to be achieved by a certain time. Good indicators are valid, objective, reliable, accessible, useful, and agreed upon by stakeholders. Targets should be SMART - specific, measurable, achievable, results-oriented and time-bound. The document provides examples of different types of indicators and measurements like counts, percentages, proportions, and ratios.
Indicators & Targets Example
- 2. Indicator Indicators are variables that help to measure changes, directly or indirectly (WHO). Indicators are “an indirect measures of an event or condition”. For example: a baby’s weight for ages is an indicators of the baby’s nutritional status. (Wilson & Sapannuchart, 1993). An indicator is “a statistic of direct normative interest which facilitates concise, comprehensive and balanced judgments about conditions of major aspects of a society” (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1969). Indicators are variables that indicate or show a given situation, and thus can be used to measure change” (Green, 1992).
- 3. Indicator Impact indicators: (What criteria will indicate that we have achieved our goal ) These are often very broad, are often collected from secondary sources (such as census), and have to be tracked from pre-intervention to post-intervention Indicators are clues, signs, and markers as to how close we are to our path and how much things are changing. Indicators are criteria that help us monitor and evaluate our project. Outcome indicators: (What criteria will indicate that we have achieved our objectives ) Outcome indicators help determine if we have accomplished what set out to change. They are often difficult to measure and require specific data collection. Process indicators: (What criteria will indicate whether we have carried out activities as proposed) Process indicators track the units of our activity and their outputs. They collect when as activities happen. Indicators for the quality of activities are also collect. Output indicators: These are things produced by the project. Example include new or trained staff, information materials etcs, Inputs indicators: These are the things needed for the project to occur. They are like the raw ingredients needed to cook a meal. Example include people to do the work and money.
- 4. Impact & Outcome Indicators Goal Objective4 Objective2 Objective 1 Objective3 Levels of Indicators Goal: Statement of a desired, broad, long-term outcome of the program; expresses general program intention and helps guides the program’s development. Objective: Statement of desired, specific, reasonable, and measurable program results. Active Verbs: Determine objetive Increase (Augment) Reduce (Decrease) Expand (Amplify) Improve (Enhance, Refine) Reinforce (Strengthen) Change (Modify) Process Indicators
- 6. Some Criteria for Good indicators Valid Does the indicator directly represent the objective it is intended to measure? Objective Is the definition precise and easy to understand about what is to be measured? Reliable Is the data consistent or comparable over time? Accessible Can data be collected easily, on a timely basis at reasonable costs? Useful Will the data have utility for decision-making and learning? Owned Do partners and stakeholders agree that this indicator makes sense to use?
- 7. តម្លៃលទ្ធផលរំពឹងទ្ុក Targets តតើអ្វីនិងចំនួនបុន្មា នដែលត ើងចង់សំតរចបាន? What or how many do we wish to accomplish? សម្រាប់សូចន្មករនីលួ ៗ ត ើងចំបាច់កំណត់តម្លៃលទ្ធផលរំពឹងទ្ុក For eachindicator weneed to assign a target value; ត ើងបញ្ជា ក់តម្លៃលទ្ធផលរំពឹងទ្ុកតោ សួរសំណូ រ- តតើអ្វីខ្ៃះ ឬចំនួនបុន្មា នដែលត ើងសងឃឹលថានឹងទ្ទ្ួលបានតៅកនុងរ ៈតពលកំណត់លួ we specify the target by asking—what or howmuch we hope to obtain in a determined timeframe;
- 8. SMART SMART Specific Measurable Achievable Result oriented Time bound What, How much, Who, Where, When and how At the end of the year 2005, 50 % ( 10,000) of PLHAs in Cambodia has recieved ARV at all ART services by improve the quality of CoC program. Specific: Does the objective clearly specify what will be accomplished and by how much? Measurable: Is the objective measurable? Appropriate: Does objective make sense in terms of what the program is trying to accomplish? Realistic: Is the objective achievable given available resources and experience? Time-based: Does the objective specify when it will be achieved?
- 9. Measurements • Count (number) • Percentage (%-- X in Y) • Proportion (%-- X in Y) • Ratio ( X is independent from Y)