Induction training program poultry
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This document outlines an induction training programme on various topics related to poultry production over 3 days. The first day will focus on the importance and role of the liver in poultry, effects of mycotoxins, and the role of stress. The second day will cover the role of methionine and choline in feed and a product called Spirumax. Each topic is allotted a time slot between 30-60 minutes and will include discussions of the topic, functions, effects, and management approaches. The document provides detailed notes on the liver presentation covering its functions including metabolism, storage, secretion, detoxification, signs of damage, and ways to strengthen it.
Induction training program poultry
- 2. Presentation PlanImportance and Role of Liver in PoultryEffect of Mycotoxins in Poultry ProductionRole of Stress in PoultryRole of Methionine and Choline in Poultry FeedSpirumax – Bridging the missing links in poultry production30 minDay 145 min60 minDay 230 min30 minDay 3
- 3. Importance and role of Liver in PoultryPresentation Plan – Total 30 MinsWhat is Liver – 5 MinWhy is it important – 5 MinFunctions of Liver – 10 MinsLiver is Prone to assault – 5 MinHow damaged Liver Look Like? – 2 MinsHow to make Liver Strong for better productivity – 2 Mins
- 4. Importance and Role of Liver in PoultryLiver is an important organResponsible to manage more than 500 functionsAll the metabolic reactions inside the body is directly or indirectly linked with liverWorks as Store keeper, Transport Manager and Police also..
- 5. Functions of LiverSynthesis/Secretion/Storage – Bile, Serum Proteins, Fat Soluble Vit (KEDAF)Detoxification - Expels toxins, drugsMetabolism – Carbohydrate, Protein, LipidsRemember SDMIts chief digestive function is the secretion of bile, a solution critical to fat emulsion and absorption
- 6. Functions of Liver Contd.. SecretionSecretes BILE Juice (Bile Salts, Bile Pigments)Two Important FunctionsAssist in digestion and absorption of FATRemoves some of waste substance through excretionLIPASA ACTIVITYLarge FATBileSmall FATSmaller FAT
- 7. Functions of Liver Contd..DetoxificationAlmost all feed ingredients contains some amount of anti-nutritional substances/harmful substances/chemical toxinsLiver saves the body from their harmful effectsNeutralization/Excretion
- 8. Functions of Liver Contd..MetabolismCarbohydrate :
- 9. Transforms carbohydrate or non-carbohydrate to glucose which finally converted and stores as glycogen in liver
- 10. Protein :
- 11. Helps in metabolism of proteins (Like in Soya) which yield different amino acids, removes and excretes out harmful uric acids
- 12. Fat :
- 13. Separates and breakdowns fat from carbohydrate and proteins, Converts fat and oil into lipids.Functions of Liver Contd..MetabolismSTORAGE: stores almost every element. Stores energy in the form of glycogen, minerals like iron, copper and cobalt.
- 14. Liver transport these nutrients when requirement comesLiver is Prone to assault..Now, you understand how important liver is !!Nevertheless, Liver is always prone to attackEnvironmentDiseaseFeed IngredientsAntibiotics/medicationKeep in mind faster the metabolic reaction higher would be the pressure on the liver
- 15. How damaged liver look like?When liver is damage for any reason – its color, toxicity, shape, weight and texture would change.Yellow or red spot may be present in this.Damaged liver may be rubber like or fragileExternal manifestation of damaged liver?Loss in Weight, Decrease in egg production, Shrinkage and darkening of combs, wet droppings having feed particles
- 16. How to make liver strong for better productivityAny Kind of Vaccination puts burden on Liver Testing of feed ingredient for mycotoxin or other toxins is required, use good quality of toxin bindersUse antibiotic for curative purpose only, preventive doses are just wastageAlways use liver tonics which can ensure hepato generation/hepato-stimulation
- 17. Points You Should RememberLiver is one of most important organ for productivity and its efficiency determines the conversion valuesLiver secretes bile juice which is essential for fat emulsification (Breaking down of fat) and further metabolismLiver continuously renders expels toxin out of the body and saves from associated losses. Productivity of Bird is linked with its well being
- 18. Review/Questions
- 19. Effect of Mycotoxins in Poultry ProductionPresentation Plan – Total 45 MinsWhat is Mycotoxin – 5 MinsWhy is it important – 5 MinsTypes of Mycotoxins – 10 MinsEffects of Mycotoxins in Poultry Production – 10 MinsVarious Approaches to Mycotoxin management – 15 Mins
- 20. What is MycotoxinsMyco – Fungus /Molds
- 21. Toxin – Poison
- 22. Mycotoxin produced by Fungi, harmful to man and poultry.
- 24. Death of 100 K Turkey poults in UK in 1960
- 25. Due to ingestion of feed containing brazilian GN Cake.
- 26. Led to discovery of Aflatoxins (Afla – Aspergillus Flavus)
- 27. Mycotoxins are chemically stable at the high temperatureAlmost all agricultural commodities supports the growth of fungi Aspergillus flavus.Formation of Aflatoxins can occur during pre and post harvest stages of food.Optimal Conditions for aflatoxin production and humidity 85% and temperature 27 C.Approximately 300 different types of mycotoxins are identified and data showed that 30% of cereals are effected worldwide.
- 29. Mycotoxin effect mechanismMycotoxin exert their effect through Four Primary mechanismIntake reduction or feed refusalAlteration in nutrient absorption and metabolismEffect on the endocrine and exocrine systemSuppresion of the Immune system
- 31. Effect of Mycotoxin on ImmunityMycotoxin causes cellular depletion of lymphoid organs and Interferes the protein synthesisIt is the principle cause of immune suppressionTo maintain immune response in the body, bird needs a higher protein synthesis which is not possible so immune system failsIn the field, presence of mycotoxicosis could reduce vaccine efficiency
- 32. Economic losses occur byDecreased Growth RateDecreased Egg productionDecreased Milk ProductionPoor Reproductive PerformancesDecreased Nutrient UtilizationIncreased problem related to legsAt very low concentration below the detection level, all Mycotoxins decrease the farm productivity
- 33. They impair immune system & decrease growth performance.
- 34. But above all the major concern is of interaction between different mycotoxinsInteractionAdditive Effect – Combined effect of any two mycotoxins is equal to addition of the effect of individual mycotoxineg. Ochratoxin & T2 toxinSynergistic effect – Combined effect of any two mycotoxins is higher than addition of the effect of individual mycotoxineg. Aflatoxin & Ochratoxin
- 36. Conventional PracticeUse of Mycotoxin Binder – Mostly bind Polar MycotoxinsUse of Mycotoxin Deactivator – Deactivates the toxic metabolites of mycotoxins
- 37. Managing Conventional mycotoxin with conventional BindersTrichothecensAflatoxin (-)OchratoxinsZonElectrically Charged AbsorbentVitamin
- 38. Various Binders are in use for Mycotoxin control but they offer limited protection due toNarrow range
- 40. Nutrient binding
- 41. Effectiveness limitedAn integrated solution must combine different strategies to address the substantial risk of Mycotoxins in poultry feed. Unstable…
- 42. Comprehensive solution to Multiple Mycotoxin MenaceT-2OTAAFLATOXINSZEARALENONETRICOTHECENEFUMONISINEfficient BindingMold InhibitionBioneutralizationChemosorption
- 43. MAKE THE FEED 100% SAFE WITH ………?
- 44. Effect of Stress in PoultryPresentation Plan – 60 MinsWhat is Stress – 5 MinsVarious Types of Stress – 10 MinsWhat Stress does – 5 MinsWhat is the effect of Stress on poultry productivity - 10 MinsApproaches to minimize impact of stress on poultry productivity – 10 Mins
- 45. What is StressStress in general islooked upon as a symptom resulting from exposure of an animalto a hostile environment.External Forces tends to displace HomeostasisBirds adapts to new to forces either beneficial or detrimental to man’s interestIt is important to avoid the detrimental adaptation and capitalize on the advantageous ones.
- 46. Types of StressStressors can be grouped asClimate (Heat & Cold)Environment (Light & Dark)Nutritional PhysiologicalDiseaseRapid Growth & High Egg Production pressure also source of stress
- 47. Stress – Common formHeat Stress - Any extremities in temperatureOvercrowding – Fighting for spaceMoving – Hatchery to farm etcVaccination Poor NutritionParasitesPhysical Disturbances
- 48. Environmental stressHandling stressVaccination stressTransportation stressProduction stressDisease stress
- 49. What Stress DoesStressor response is an alarm reactionInvolves nervous system and increased output of adrenalineIncreases heart rateShunting of blood from the skin and muscle to visceraClassic Fight or Flight ResponseIncreased Plasma CorticosteroneImmunosuppressionProduction of Free radicals vizLipid Peroxides, Hydrogen Peroxide,Superoxide radicalsChanges in growth hormones etc.
- 50. RememberStressImmuno SuppressionFree Radical ProductionCortical Level elevationO214235Normal Membrane
- 51. Stress on Poultry ProductivityChicken are selected to have genetic potential for rapid growth and efficient feed utilizationGenetic potential is also prone to stress factorsStress reduces the ability of the bird to express their full genetic capabilitiesThat translates into…
- 52. Stress in poultry ProductivityMortalityPoor Hatchability and FertilityIn Breeder FlockImmuno SuppressionPoor Growth & PerformancePoor Vaccination Response
- 53. Approaches to Minimize impact of StressStress is inseparable part of poultry operation but can be minimized throughBetter ManagementProviding Least discomfortIncrease threshold for stress alarming reaction / Decrease level of Cortisol in BloodImmunostimulation and free radical control
- 54. Questions ?
- 55. Make a decision…