Information Technology CSEC: Spreadsheet
- 1. Section 5 Spreadsheet Functions and formula
- 2. Formulas and Function • A formula in Excel is an expression that calculates the value of a cell. Formulas always start with an equal sign (=). • A function is a pre-defined formula in Excel that simplifies complex calculations. Functions are used within formulas to perform specific calculations.
- 3. Basic Math Functions • SUM: =SUM(A1:A10) - Adds values in a range. • AVERAGE: =AVERAGE(A1:A10) - Calculates the average of values in a range. • MIN: =MIN(A1:A10) - Finds the smallest value in a range. • MAX: =MAX(A1:A10) - Finds the largest value in a range. • COUNT: =COUNT(A1:A10) - Counts the number of numerical values in a range • Countif: counts the number of cells in a range that meet a specific condition =COUNTIF(range, criteria) • Count all non-empty cells with specific criteria =COUNTIFS(range1, criteria1, range2, criteria2, ...)
- 4. Text Functions: • ONCATENATE (or & Operator): =CONCATENATE(A1, " ", B1) or =A1 & " " & B1 - Combines text from multiple cells. • LEFT: =LEFT(A1, 3) - Returns the first three characters of the text in cell A1. • RIGHT: =RIGHT(A1, 3) - Returns the last three characters of the text in cell A1. • LEN: =LEN(A1) - Counts the number of characters in a cell.
- 5. Logical Functions: • IF: =IF(A1>10, "Yes", "No") - Returns "Yes" if A1 is greater than 10; otherwise, returns "No". • AND: =AND(A1>10, B1<5) - Returns TRUE if both conditions are met. • OR: =OR(A1>10, B1<5) - Returns TRUE if either condition is met.
- 6. Lookup Functions • VLOOKUP: =VLOOKUP("ProductA", A1:B10, 2, FALSE) - Looks for "ProductA" in the first column of A1and returns the corresponding value in the second column. • HLOOKUP: Similar to VLOOKUP but works horizontally.
- 7. Date and Time Functions: • TODAY: =TODAY() - Returns the current date. • NOW: =NOW() - Returns the current date and time. • YEAR: =YEAR(A1) - Extracts the year from a date in A1. • MONTH: =MONTH(A1) - Extracts the month from a date in A1. • DAY: =DAY(A1) - Extracts the day from a date in A1.
- 8. Criteria • Simple criterion- can be set by typing the exact value that is desired in the criteria cells, or by using cell references or defined names • complex criterion - These filters are not as simple or intuitive as Excel's AutoFilter, which is built into the heading cells for a named Excel table. • However, an Advanced Filter lets you create complex filters, checking multiple columns in the source table, with and/or rules. • What is a Criteria Range? • The criteria range for an Excel advanced filter, is a group of cells on a worksheet, where you set the rules for filtering the data. The criteria range must have a specific setup, with heading cells and criteria cells.