integrator and differentiator op-amp
- 1. Seminar Topic :- Integrator And Differentiator Op-Amp Presented By:- Danish Iqbal Batch:-EN-14 Roll No:-1401421019
- 2. What is Op-Amp ? • An Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) is an integrated circuit that uses external voltage to amplify the input through a very high gain . • Operation Amplifier circuit designed to boost the power of low level signal
- 3. Op-Amp Integrator:- • If feedback component used is a capacitor ,the resulting connection is called integrator. • The circuit diagram of ideal op-amp integrator
- 4. • The output voltage is negative of input voltage and inversely proportional to time constant R and C . Vo(s)= -Vin(s) %SRC • The gain A, A=Vo(s)%Vin(s) = - 1/(jwCR) • Taking magnitude of A A= 1/(wCR) = W/Wa Where Wa=1/CR
- 5. • The integrator work as a low pass filter circuit when time constant is very large . • At w=0, the gain A is infinite for an ideal op- amp . • At dc , the capacitor C behaves as an open circuit and there is no negative feedback. • But in practice output never becomes infinite .
- 6. Practical Op-Amp Integrator:- • The gain of an integrator at low frequency (dc) can be limited to avoid saturation by introducing a feedback resistance(Rf) in shunt with feedback capacitance(Cf) . • The resistor Rf limits the low frequency gain to –Rf/R( generally Rf=10R) .
- 7. Circuit diagram of Practical Integrator :- • Vo(s)= -Vin(s)/{sR1Cf+(R1/Rf)}
- 8. Differentiator Op-Amp:- • The op-amp circuits that contain capacitor is the differentiating amplifier .
- 9. • The output voltage Vo is a constant (-RC) times the derivative of the input voltage V1 . • In Laplace form ,s=jw Vo(s)= -sCRVin(s) • The gain is ,A=Vo(s)/Vin(s) A=-sCR = -jwCR • The magnitude of A=wCR • A=W/Wa = f/fa where Wa=1/CR
- 10. • At high frequency a differentiator may become unstable and break into oscillation . • The input impedence (Xc=1/wc) decrease with increase in frequency ,therewise making the circuitsensitive to high frequency noise . • To overcome through the problem of unstability and high frequency noise we use the practical differentiator .
- 11. Circuit Diagram of Practical Differentiator:-
- 12. Output Equation:- • Vo(s)/Vin(s) = - sRfC1/{(1+sCfRf)(1+sC1R1)} • If CfRf=C1R1 and s=jw • Vo(s)/Vin(s) = jwRfC1/{(1+jwCfRf)^2} • The magnitude of A, A= wRfC1/{(1+jf/fb)^2} where
- 13. Applications of Op-amp Differentiator and Integrator:- • Differentiating amplifiers are most commonly designed to operate on triangular and rectangular signals. • Differentiators also find application as wave shaping circuits, to detect high frequency components in the input signal. • The integrator circuit is mostly used in analog computers, analog-to-digital converters and wave-shaping circuits .
- 14. Any Query ….? Thank You