Intro to c chapter cover 1 4
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The document describes the basic structure and components of a C program using flowcharts and code examples. It includes 3 key parts: 1. Preprocessor directives like #include that provide header files and libraries. 2. Input/output functions like printf and scanf that allow transferring data to and from the user. 3. Common operators in C like arithmetic, relational, logical, and unary operators and their order of precedence. The document uses flowcharts and code snippets to demonstrate how these components fit together in a simple C program that takes input from the user and performs calculations.
Intro to c chapter cover 1 4
- 2. Flowchart
- 3. Example flowchart Begin Problem: Add 2 numbers Pseudo code 1. Begin Read number 1 2. Read number 1 3. Read number 2 Read number 2 4. Add number 1 & number 2 5. End Answer = no1 + no2 End
- 4. Example C Programming #include <stdio.h> //Preprocessor Directives int main () { //Local Declaration int a, b, sum; //Statements printf("Enter two numbersn: "); scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); //Operation sum = a + b; //Output printf("The total is:%d", sum); getch (); return 0; }
- 5. C Structure Preprocessor Directives Global Declaration void main() { Local Declaration Statements }
- 6. Preprocessor Directives First statement executed by compiler Begin with a pound sign or hash ( # ) Example : #include and #define
- 7. Header Files/Libraries Header files have the extension .h two ways to include a header file: 1. #include "stdio.h" 2. #include <stdio.h>
- 8. Example #include <stdio.h> Header #include <stlib.h> files void main() { printf("Hello world!!!"); }
- 9. Input (printf) How to transfer/store the data to computer Interactive – keyboard, touch screen, mouse – response from user User understand type of input data
- 10. Example void main() { int num1; printf(“Key-in number: "); //Input scanf(“%d”,&num1); . . . . . . return 0; }
- 11. Escape sequence functions n New line t Horizontal tab v Vertical tab b backspace a Bell or a beep backslash ’ Single quote ” double quote
- 12. Input (scanf) Address in which user input store temporary Symbol ‘&’ referred to address to the variable
- 13. Example void main() { int num1; //variable printf(“Key-in number: "); //Input scanf(“%d”,&num1); . . . . . . return 0; }
- 14. Variable type scanf Format Specifier int %d, %i float %f char %c long int %ld string %s double %lf
- 15. Type of arithmetic operator Type Meaning * Multiplication / Division and integer division Modulus % + Addition - Substraction
- 16. Unary Operator Operator Example Description Equivalent Statements ++ i++; Postfix i=i+1; i+=1; ++ ++i; Prefix i=i+1; i+=1; -- i--; Postfix i=i-1; i-=1; -- --i; Prefix i=i-1; i-=1;
- 17. Order of precedence • Arithmetic Operation Priority High Priority () left to right ++, -- left to right * , /, % left to right +,- left to right
- 18. Type of Relational Operator Operator Description Example == equal to x==y > greater than x>y < less than x<y >= greater or x>=y equal <= less or equal x<=y != Not equal to x!=y
- 19. Type of Logical Operator Operator Meaning Example && AND ((x<y)&&(x!=0)) || OR ((x<y)||(x!=0)) ! NOT !(x>=y)
- 20. Thank You!