Intro to PowerShell

Intro to PowerShellAdam PrestonSenior ConsultantDecember 4th, 2010

Adam Preston – Senior Consultant (TCSC)Born in Richmond, VACertified:MCITP: SharePoint 2010, AdministratorMCTS: SharePoint 2010, ConfigurationMCTS: Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007, ConfigurationMCTS: Microsoft Windows SharePoint Services 3.0, ConfigurationContact Information:Email: dap@tcsc.comTwitter: @_aprestonBlog: http://www.tcscblog.comWho is this guy?

Founded in 1981Based in Richmond, VAConsulting Services and Software Product DevelopmentConsulting Services has been specializing in SharePoint services for over 6 years (since v1)Consistently recognized for quality of technical servicesMicrosoft Worldwide Partner Conference Technology Innovation Award FinalistMicrosoft Mid-Atlantic Teamwork AwardMicrosoft Mid-Atlantic Loyalty AwardInfineon Technologies’ Technology Innovation AwardProviding Microsoft-centric consulting, application development and work management solutionsThe Computer Solution Company (TCSC)

AgendaWhat is PowerShell?Where do I find it?What are the benefits of PowerShell?Wait, what happened to STSADM?What commands will get me started?Who has permission to SharePoint 2010 w/PowerShell?Demos, Demos, and Demos!ReferencesQuestions

Windows PowerShell is Microsoft's task automation framework, consisting of a command-line shell and associated scripting language built on top of, and integrated with the .NET Framework. PowerShell provides full access to COM and WMI, enabling administrators to perform administrative tasks on both local and remote Windows systems.DOS on Steroids!A modern replacement for the DOS command-line shellPowerShell

PowerShell 2.0 is built into Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2For older OS’s, need to download Windows Management Framework to get PS 2.0Start > Accessories > Windows PowerShellSharePoint 2010 Management ShellSimply a shortcut to a profile that loads the SP2010 Provider SnapinPowerShell

Still there and still worksRemains for backwards compatibilityAllows for portability of existing STSADM batch files and scriptsSome commands have been removed (ex. all SSP related commands)Don’t use this as a crutch! You should start to do everything in PowerShell.Remember that it’s the “14 Hive” nowC:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\BINPowerShell > STSADMNewly created cmdlets were developed for enhanced performancePowerShell has full access to the SharePoint API from the command lineSTSADM to Windows PowerShell Mapping:http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff621081.aspxSTSADM?

Windows PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE)Host application for PSCan run commands, write, test, and debug scriptsUses color-coding Only available with PS 2.0Server Manager > Add Features > Windows PowerShell ISENeeds to be installed in order to use Out-GridViewPowerShell ISE

Interact with .NET objects directlyRemoting interfaceSharePoint PowerShell Remoting RequirementsSharePoint Remoting with PowerShell 2.0Reduction in the need of some 3rd party solutionsPerform administrative functions in bulk, reducing time and effort.Will show an example of this in a later demoSome SharePoint 2010 functions require the use of PowerShell:Resetting the Farm PassphraseHow to Reset the Farm Passphrase in SharePoint 2010Configuring the State Service ApplicationConfiguring the Publishing Feature’s Super User AccountsPerformance benefits for batch operationsBenefits of PowerShell

Used to find all the commands available to PowerShellCmdlets generally have a verb-noun naming conventionGet-ChildItem, Get-Member, Add-SPSolution, Backup-SPFarm, Export-SPWebGet-Command -noun *infopath*Get-Command -noun *solution*List all available SP2010 cmdlets:Get-Command -PSSnapin “Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell”Get-Command

Used to show Synopsis, Syntax, Description, Parameters, and ExamplesSeveral ways to get help information on cmdlets:Get-Help <cmdlet>Get-Help Get-SPSite -fullGet-Help Get-SPSite -examplesGet-Help Get-SPSite–detailedGet-Help *-SPSite<cmdlet> -?Help <name> Ex. Help database, Help Get-SPSite, etc.PagingSome results will only show a subset ending with “-- More --”<ENTER> = show next line or row<SPACE> = show next page or subsetCan create paging by piping results to “more”Get-SPSite | moreGet-Help

AliasesA way of calling a command using a keyword or abbreviationMost cmdlets have an associated alias to allow for shortcuttingGet-Command = gcmFormat-List = flSet-Location = cdGet-ChildItem = dirUse Get-Alias to get a list of aliases available for your current sessionUse Set-Alias to create your own!Get-MemberGets the properties and methods of objectsGet-SPSite| Get-MemberUseful for when trying to determine what property you want to outputAliases and Get-Member

PipelineAllows output of one cmdlet to be the input of another cmdletExamplesGet-Process | Format-Table Name, CPUGet-SPWebApplication | Get-SPSite | Get-SPWebSelect-ObjectAllows you to pick available properties instead of grabbing all propertiesGet-SPSite | Get-SPWeb | Select URL, WebTemplate, LastItemModifiedDateWhere-ObjectOnly display results which meet a certain conditionGet-SPLogEvent-StartTime (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5) | Where-Object {$_.Level -eq “High”} Sort-ObjectSort the result set by one or more propertyGet-SPSite | Sort Owner, URLSort ascending (default) or descendingGet-SPSite | Select URL, Owner, LastContentModifiedDate | Sort LastContentModifiedDate -DescendingPipeline, Select, Where, and Sorting

Write-HostOutputs to PowerShell session windowWrite-WarningWrite-ErrorWrite-EventLogOut-FileOutputs to provided path locationCan use “>” as aliasOut-GridViewRequires PS ISEOut-PrinterSends to default printerExport-CSVExport-XMLWays to Output

Get-Command Format-*Format-ListResults are:Property1: ResultProperty2: ResultProperty3: ResultFormat-TableResults are:Property1Property2Property3Result Result ResultFormat-WideOnly displays one property and puts it into multiple columnsFormatting

DemoResult Filtering, Output, and Formatting

Most Microsoft products expose their management interface through providersWindows, SharePoint, Exchange, IIS, SQL, Forefront, etc. IIS Example:Import-Module WebAdministrationSet-ItemProperty ‘IIS:\Sites\SharePoint – 80’ -Name LogFile.directory -Value ‘C:\Logs\IIS’Windows Example:New-ItemProperty HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\MSV1_0 -Name “BackConnectionHostNames” -Value “intranet.contoso.com”,”mysites.contoso.com” -PropertyTypemultistringThis means that you could have your script or command interact with multiple applications at once. Scripting PowerShell allows for complex scripting, which include functions, loops, parameters, branching, and much more!Scripts are saved using the .PS1 file extensionRestricted by default, can change using Set-ExecutionPolicyBest Practice is to have your scripts signed, don’t leave your environment in an unrestricted statePowerShell Providers and Scripting

Out-of-the-box only the Farm Account has permission to interact with SharePoint 2010 via PowerShell. This does not include additional Farm Administrators.Get-SPShellAdminLists who has rights to run PowerShell commands against the databasesAdd-SPShellAdminMust be local admin, db_owner, and securityadmin to run this command properlyUser is added to WSS_Admin_WPG group on all WFEs and is added to the SharePoint_Shell_Access role on the database you specifiedAdd-SPShellAdmin -username tcsc\dap -database Portal_Content_DBIf the database switch is not used, then the user is added access to the configuration databaseRemove-SPShellAdminRemove-SPShellAdmin -username tcsc\dapBe Careful!SP2010 PowerShell Permissions

DemoPermissions and SP2010 Commands

Bing Visual SearchSearch Bing for “PowerShell”, click top tab “Visual Search”

Windows PowerShell for SP2010 Resource CenterWindows PowerShell for SP2010 ReferencesTechNet Script Center RepositoryGetting Started with Windows PowerShell for SharePoint AdministratorsPowerShell Videos on Channel9Gary Lapointe’s Custom SharePoint 2010 PowerShell Cmdlets and STSADM CommandsMastering PowerShell (Free eBook - Over 560 Pages!)PowerShell Book(s)PowerShell for Microsoft SharePoint 2010 AdministratorsWindows PowerShell 2.0 Administrator’s Pocket ConsultantReferences

TCSC Office 2010 GiveawayTCSC is giving away copies of Microsoft Office 2010 Professional Plus3 Ways To Win (One copy max per person overall)Visit the new TCSC Blog www.tcscblog.comMake a comment on the SharePoint Saturday post with the words “SharePoint Saturday Rocks” in itFollow @TCSC on TwitterTweet “Rocking out with @TCSC at #SharePoint Saturday Richmond #spsric”Visit our booth and provide us your business card

Intro to PowerShell

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