Introduction to environmental science and disaster management
- 1. Introduction to Environmental Science and Disaster Management Prepared By Shaidur Rahman
- 2. Environment Environment- Everything around us, living and nonliving, natural and man-made Includes the relationships between these components of the environment
- 3. Man Culture Nature Technolog y Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physical, biological, and information sciences to the study of the environment and the solutions of the environmental problems. Define Environmental Science Factors of environment
- 4. Field of environmental science 1 Chemistry 2 Physics 3 Economics 4 sociology 5 Biology 6 Law 7 Politics 8 Computers 9 Agriculture 1 0 Earth Sciences 1 1 Geology 1 Biotechnology
- 5. Why we study environmental science? Our environment is very important because it is where we live and share recourses with the other species. Environmental science is the study of interactions among physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment. Environmental science enlightens us on how to conserve our environment in the face of increasing human population growth and anthropogenic activities that degraded natural resources and ecosystem. Rapid changes in earth’s environment due to human activities can be traced to two “revolutions’’. Can you name them?
- 6. Industrial revolution Gradual move from nomadic lifestyle of hunter-gatherers to the farming of domesticated animals and plants Started about 10,000 years ago Led to human population explosion Development of machines to do manual/animal labor. Led to use of non-renewable energy sources (fossil fuels) that disrupt the balance of our ecosystems (started in mid-1700’s – recent!) Agricultural revolution
- 7. 10 Major Problems Facing Earth’s Environment (from Collapse by Jared Diamond) Destruction of natural habitat Loss of biodiversity Soil damage and erosion Use of fossil fuels as our main energy source Overuse of freshwater resources Release of toxic materials Introduction of “alien” species Release of harmful gases into atmosphere Human population growth Increasing standard of living
- 8. What is disaster? • Disasters are the effect of hazard on vulnerable or defenceless areas. • A Disaster is a serious disruption occurring over a short or long period of time that causes widespread human, material, economic or environmental loss.
- 9. Types of Disasters: Disasters can be classified as: 1. Natural disaster 2. Human-Made disaster 1. Natural Disasters: Natural disasters are the result of biological, geological, seismic, hydrologic or meteorological conditions. They are a threat to, people, structures and economic assets. Examples are: Earthquake,Cyclones,Hurricanes,Floods,Landslides.
- 10. Human-Made Disasters: Human-made disasters are Emergency situations which are the results of deliberate human actions. They involves situations in which people suffers casualties, losses of basic services and means of livelihood. Examples are: Oil Spill,An airplane crash,War,Civil strife,Major fire
- 11. A continuous and integrated process of planning, organizing, coordinating and implementing measures which are necessary or expedient for- Prevention of danger or threat of any disaster. Reduction of any disaster or its severity or consequences. Capacity- Building. Preparedness to deal with any disaster. Promote response to any threating disaster. Evacuation, rescue and relief. Rehabilitation and reconstruction. Assessing the magnitude of any disaster. Disaster management
- 12. Preparedness Mitigation recovery Response • Disaster Management Cycle is a cycle which has phases to reduce or prevent disasters. • It is a cyclic process it means the end of one phase is the beginning of another phase • The next phase can be started before the completion of previous phase. • The complete Disaster Management cycle includes the shaping of public policies and plans Disaster management cycle
- 13. Hazard-Hazard is the possibility of laying yourself open to loss or misfortune. Capacity-Within a community all the available resources, that can reduce risk level and disaster effects. Risk-Occurrence probability of a hazard that trigger a disaster with an undesirable outcome. Mitigation-Mitigation refers to all actions taken before a disaster to minimize its impacts. Preparedness-Preparedness activities are the Plans/preparations made to save lives or property. Early Warning System-This early warning system used to detect large-scale disasters and emergencies and also man-made disaster or technological disaster. Related terms with disaster management