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THE ELEMENTS OF
CONVERSATIONAL INTERFACE
DESIGN
Lauren Golembiewski 

CEO & Co-founder at Voxable
Information Development World

November 2017
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
The Core Technology
User Experience Principles
User Interface Elements of CUIs
Agenda
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
The Core Technology
The
Conversational
Interface
Automatic Speech
Recognition (ASR)
Natural Language
Understanding (NLU)
Bot Intelligence
Audio Feedback
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
The Core
Technology
Automatic Speech
Recognition (ASR) translates
the sounds of a human voice
into readable text.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Where does ASR happen?
Browsers -
Web Speech
API
Alexa Google
Assistant
Siri
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Natural Language
Understanding (NLU) gives
meaning to text and extracts
structured data.The Core
Technology
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
NLU as a service
happens in platforms like
Dialogflow (API.ai), LUIS,
Rasa, and Watson
Built into platforms
like Alexa
Custom built by a
team of data
scientists and
linguists
Where does NLU happen?
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
The Core
Technology
Bot Intelligence manages the
context of the user, the
application, and the
conversation.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
The Core
Technology
Audio Feedback is delivered
through synthesized speech or
recorded audio.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
User Experience Principles
• Understand the psychology real-time UX.
• Develop a clear brand.
• Define the job your bot will do.
• Define how the machine handles the job.
• Understand your user’s mentality.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
http://bit.ly/bot-brand-p1
Develop a
clear brand.
USER EXPERIENCE OF CUIS
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
What job is your bot
being hired to do?
USER EXPERIENCE OF CUIS
https://www.intercom.com/books/jobs-to-be-done
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Model the Conversation Flow
“Show me flights to
Atlanta leaving next Friday
after 4pm.”
Sure
thing! Would
you like to fly first
class, business
class, or
coach?
First class
Classy!
And would you
like a meal on
this flight?
Perfect! Here are a list
of flights that match
your criteria.
Yes, of course.
find flights
first classfirst class, yes to meal
departure city: Austin
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Structure Content for Machines
“Show me flights from Austin to
Atlanta leaving next Friday 

after 4pm.”
departure city
destination city date
time
INTENT: FLIGHTSEARCH
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Understand Your User’s Mentality
https://www.nngroup.com/articles/mental-models/
implementation model user’s mental modelrepresentation model
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
User Interface Elements of CUIs
• Brand your interface with voice, tone, and persona.
• Write for listening.
• Manage content well.
• Consider platform and device differences.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Brand: Voice, Tone, & Persona
• Voice is the quality of your words.
• Tone is how words modulate for different situations.
• Persona is a character that embodies 

voice and tone.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Write & Prototype for Speech
• Write for speaking and listening.
• Optimize word order for clarity and brevity.
• Act out a script.
• Add nuance with Speech Synthesis Markup
Language (SSML).
• Test the way it sounds with a synthesized voice.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
Content Management
• Continuously evolve and improve content.
• Adopt tools that streamline your editorial workflow.
• Collaborate through strong documentation.
• Design scalable systems for managing your content.
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017
• Design for each platform 

or device.
• Think about other sensors and
feedback loops with voice.
Hardware & Platforms
VOXABLE.IO
HOWDY@VOXABLE.IO
@VOXABLE
G I V E VO I C E 

TO YO U R P R O D U C T
#givevoice@voxablevoxable.io/idw #idw2017

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