Inventorying and Acquiring Existing GIS Resources
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The document outlines the significance of understanding watershed characteristics to evaluate pollution sources and loads, emphasizing the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for analyzing geospatial data. It describes the various physical and natural factors that influence watersheds and highlights the importance of demographic and land use changes over time. The text also provides examples and a process for quantifying watershed characteristics using GIS tools.
Inventorying and Acquiring Existing GIS Resources
- 1. Inventorying and Acquiring Existing GIS Resources Daniele Baker Texas Commission on Environmental Quality July 28, 2016
- 2. Physical and Natural Characteristics It’s important to understand the watershed features that might influence pollution loads and sources • Watershed Boundaries • Hydrology • Topography • Soils & Geology • Climate • Fish & Wildlife • Vegetation • Ecosystems
- 3. Land Use and Population Characteristics These factors may influence the current and future physical conditions of a watershed • Land Use/Cover • Land Mgt. Practices • Demographics 25 30 34 38 42 46 51 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2010* 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 MillionsofPeopleinTexas *2010 population is the official population count from the U.S. Census Bureau; 2020-2070 are projected population used in the 2016 State Water Plan
- 4. Exploring Watershed Characteristics with GIS GIS (geographic information systems) allows you to view, manipulate, and analyze geospatial data • Web Viewers Geospatial data is available for many characteristics for FREE from a variety of sources There are many ways to view and analyze that data
- 7. Exploring Watershed Characteristics with GIS GIS (geographic information systems) allows you to view, manipulate, and analyze geospatial data • Web Viewers • Desktop Programs Geospatial data for many characteristics is available for FREE from a variety of sources There are many ways to view and analyze that data
- 10. Exploring Watershed Characteristics with GIS GIS (geographic information systems) allows you to view, manipulate, and analyze geospatial data • Web Viewers • Desktop Programs • Web Applications Geospatial data is available for many characteristics for FREE from a variety of sources There are many ways to view and analyze that data
- 12. Quantifying Watershed Characteristics with GIS Analyze your geospatial data in 3 simple steps… 1. Identify area of interest (stream buffers or watershed) 2. Clip your data layers 3. Summarize the data
- 13. Impaired Not Impaired Quantifying with GIS: Examples 64% of Streams 3% of Reservoirs 96% of Estuaries What % of waterbodies assessed by TCEQ in the Houston Area are impaired?
- 14. Quantifying with GIS: Examples 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑚 = What is the mean slope of a stream segment? 1940𝑓𝑡 −1320𝑓𝑡 18.8 𝑚𝑖 = 620 𝑓𝑡 99393 𝑓𝑡 = Mean Slope ≈ 0.623%
- 15. Quantifying with GIS: Examples What is the dominant geological, soil, or vegetation type? Geology Soils Vegetation 0.8% 1.8% 1.4% 0.6% 17.8% 2.7% 0.8% 13.0% 14.6% 35.7% 1.9% 0.6% 0.9% 7.4%
- 16. Quantifying with GIS: Examples Population Growth of 45%… How does land use in a watershed change following population growth? 2001 2011 ↑ Area ↓ Area