IOT Based Smart Parking System
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This document describes an IoT-based smart parking system that uses various technologies to help drivers find available parking spaces. The system uses NodeMCU devices and sensors at each parking spot to detect occupancy and communicate with a central server. An Android app allows users to view available spots and reserve spaces in advance. The backend uses Google Cloud Platform for hosting databases to store user/spot data and running Python scripts to coordinate the system. The goal is to reduce time/fuel wasted searching for parking and traffic caused by it.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 885
4. CONCLUSION
In this paper an attempt to develop a proto type of IoTbased
Smart Parking System with Reservation Facility is made
which helps in efficient parking management. Proposed
system works well with good network infrastructure in all
environmental conditions.
Based on the obtained results from testing we conclude that
the proposed systemcansuccessfullyreducetheproblemsof
fuel wastage and traffic congestioncausedby blindsearching
to a considerable amount. Enormous amount of time and
effort put to find a free parking slot can be saved.
5. REFERENCES
[1] L. Atzori, A. Iera, and G. Morabito, “The Internet of
things: a survey,” Computer Networks, vol. 54, no. 15,
pp. 2787-2805, 2010.
[2] Kaivan Karimi and Gary Atkinson, ―What the Internet
of Things (IoT) Needs to Become a Reality, White
Paper, FreeScale and ARM, 2013.
[3] Choeychuen, K. Automatic parking lot mapping for
available parking spacedetection.InProceedingsofthe
5th International Conference on Knowledge andSmart
Technology (KST), Chonburi, Thailand, 31 January–1
February 2013.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v4i6162-180129092214/85/IOT-Based-Smart-Parking-System-3-320.jpg)
IOT Based Smart Parking System
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 883 IOT based Smart Parking system Amitha M.S1, Arpitha A.M1, Geetha S1, Raviraj M1, Chetana R2 Students, Department of Electronics and Communication, SJBIT, Bengaluru1 Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication, SJBIT, Bengaluru2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Human population is increasing day by day. Increase in population leads to increase in number of vehicles that are being used for transportation. Apart from increased air pollution (which leads to global warming), the other main problem faced by people of metropolitan cities is difficulty in finding free parking space to park their vehicles. The inability to find free parking spaces not only leads to wastage of time, fuel and energy but also leads to traffic jam. In this study, we design and implement a prototype of IoT basedSmartParking System with reservation facility which helps drivers to find nearest vacant parking spaces and also provides an option to reserve them in advance. Thus it solves all above problems to certain extent. Key Words: NodeMCU, Google App engine, Google compute engine, Google cloud platform, MIT App inventor, Python Script. 1. INTRODUCTION Transportation is one of the well-known problems in metropolitan areas around the world. Due to lack of efficient parking solutions drivers opt for blind searching to find free parking spaces. In blind searching, drivers purely depend on luck to find a vacant parking space. It often results in unnecessary roaming of vehicles to and fro. This type of search causes huge wastageoffuel everyyearleading to increase in carbon foot print. This study aims at creating a reliable solution to above problems using recent technologies like IoT(Internet of Things), web based servicessuchasGooglecloudplatform and open source IoT hardware platforms such as ESP8266 NodeMCU. 1.1 THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) The Internet of things (IoT) is the inter-networking of physical devices, vehicles (also referred to as "connected devices" and "smart devices"), buildings, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity thatenabletheseobjectstocollect and exchange data. The Global Standards Initiative on Internet of Things (IoT-GSI) defined the IoT as "the infrastructure of the information society". The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical worldintocomputer-based systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit in addition toreducedhumanintervention. 2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Fig -1: System Architecture NodeMCU Node MCU is an open source IoT platform. It includes firmware which runs on the ESP8266Wi-FiSoC from Espressif Systems, and hardware which is based on the ESP- 12 module. The firmware uses the Lua scripting language. Google cloud platform Google Cloud Platform is a cloud computing service by Google that offers hosting on the same supporting infrastructure that Google uses internally for end-user products like Google Search and YouTube. Google Cloud Platform is a part of a suite of enterprise servicesfromCloud and provides a set of modular cloud-based services with a host of development tools. For example, hosting and computing, cloud storage,data storage,translationsAPIsand prediction APIs. Google compute engine Google Compute Engine is the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) component of Google Cloud Platform whichisbuilt on the global infrastructure that runs Google’s search engine. Google Compute Engine enables users to launch virtual machines (VMs) on demand. VMs can be launched from the standard images or custom images created by users. GCE
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 884 users need to get authenticated based on OAuth 2.0 before launching the VMs. Google Compute Engine can be accessed via the Developer Console, RESTful API or Command Line Interface. Google app engine Google App Engine is a cloud computing platform for developing and hosting web applications inGoogle-managed data centers. Applications are sandboxed and run across multiple servers. App Engine offers automatic scaling for web applications—as the number of requests increases for an application, App Engine automatically allocates more resources for the web application to handle the additional demand. MIT App Inventor An android application is developed using the MIT App Inventor. Fig -2: MIT App Inventor App Inventor for android is an open-source web application originally provided by Google, and now maintained by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).It allows newcomers to computer programming to create software applications for the Android operating system (OS). It uses a graphical interface whichhelpsusertocreateapplicationjust by knowing execution logic. 3. WORKING PRINCIPLE User end At the user end, the user registershimselfwiththesystem by giving all relevant credentials. Once registered they are free to log into android app to view free parking slots in their area of interest. By convention all occupied slots are indicated in red, unoccupied slots in green and reserved slots in blue color.User can reserve an unoccupied parking slot. Cancellation of the reserved parking slots can also be done using android app. Fig -3: Android application Server end Google Cloud platform allow users tomanageinfrastructure, provisioning servers, and configuring networks. A tinyWebDB database created in Google App Engine was used to store data sent by the android application. Two data structures were created forthisapplication,outofwhich one stores user credentials like Username, password etc. which will be used during authentication process and the second data structure is used to maintain status of the parking slots i.e. booked, reserved or free. A Virtual Machine(VM) was created on Google Compute Engine which comprised of 1vCPU,3.75Gbmemoryandruns on Debian LINUX OS. Python – 3.6.1 was setup on the VM to run a python script.Python script will be continously monitoring the first database to serve the userrequests.Any parking or reservation request from users for a particular parking slot of a particular parking area will be enrouted to that particular parking area proccessing unit i.e. NodeMCU. An efficient algorithm for reservation management is implemented using python script to solve speacial case problems. Parking slot hardware end Parking slot hardware consists of a group of parking units that are controlled by a single NodeMCU. Each parking unit has a parking bollard that is operated using a servo motor and group of leds that indicate the parking slot status. Whenever a parking request for a particular parking slot is received by NodeMCU, it commands servo motor of that slot to bring down the bollard and color of leds turn red and exactly opposite actions will be carried out when user exits the parking location. For all reservation requestsreceived by NodeMCU, it commands group of leds to turn blue and position of parking bollard is unaltered.
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 885 4. CONCLUSION In this paper an attempt to develop a proto type of IoTbased Smart Parking System with Reservation Facility is made which helps in efficient parking management. Proposed system works well with good network infrastructure in all environmental conditions. Based on the obtained results from testing we conclude that the proposed systemcansuccessfullyreducetheproblemsof fuel wastage and traffic congestioncausedby blindsearching to a considerable amount. Enormous amount of time and effort put to find a free parking slot can be saved. 5. REFERENCES [1] L. Atzori, A. Iera, and G. Morabito, “The Internet of things: a survey,” Computer Networks, vol. 54, no. 15, pp. 2787-2805, 2010. [2] Kaivan Karimi and Gary Atkinson, ―What the Internet of Things (IoT) Needs to Become a Reality, White Paper, FreeScale and ARM, 2013. [3] Choeychuen, K. Automatic parking lot mapping for available parking spacedetection.InProceedingsofthe 5th International Conference on Knowledge andSmart Technology (KST), Chonburi, Thailand, 31 January–1 February 2013.