IRJET- Automatic Trash Can Buggy with IoT

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3543
AUTOMATIC TRASH CAN BUGGY WITH IOT
Ms. A. Nivithaa Jane1, Ms. J. Praveena2, Ms. N. Ashika Barveen Nisa3, Mrs. V. Subashree4
1,2,3Student, Dept of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College,
Tamil Nadu, India
4Professor, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India
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ABSTRACT - The world today facesmajor garbagecrisis-
the product of rapid economic growth, overcrowding, poor
urban planning, corrosive corruption and political
dysfunction. And the world is looking at smarter ways of
overcoming the garbage collection problem. Present way of
collecting the garbage leads to various issues bothforpublic
and garbage collectors. Improper disposal of waste is the
main cause for health related problems. Soil, water and
air pollution can all be a result of improper waste disposal
and occurs when either of them becomes contaminatedwith
hazardous materials. Not only does this contribute to the
creation of a greenhouse gas effects but
also causes significant harm to marine and wildlife.
This report presents the design and the
experimental results of the GarbageCollectorvehicleforfoot
path using Arduino microcontroller in the smart cities. The
movement of the robot is controlled with the helpofinfrared
sensor for the purpose of locomotion without any public
interruption and guiding the bot in predefined path and
RFID to identify each home. The buggy will move in a
predefined path with the help of IR sensor. If interruption is
encountered by the ultrasonic sensor or theRFID thebotwill
stop and the garbage is collected. Ultasonic sensor is meant
for the passer by and RFID is meant for home recognition.
Also this buggy can be used to collect Garbage at foot path,
public places (parks, schools and colleges), mostly cemented
paths and beach.
Key Words: RFID, Transreceiver, NodeMCU, Wireless
Transmisson, Automation, Sensors, etc
1. INTRODUCTION
Now a days, the arena has become a very busy
location. That is especially due to the speedy increase in
population as well as physical resources. Together with
these factors, there may be every other aspect which has,
in flip, increased at an alarmingly high rate, which is the
amount of rubbish being disposed. As anyone one would
expect, this has grow to be one of the main issues that the
whole world, has come to face nowadays. This dilemma is
not confined to the cities and towns, but even in small
villages, the collecting and putting off garbage has become
quite a headache for the network. With admire to human
health and hygiene, in addition to the cleanliness of the
environment, the effectiveness of rubbish disposal is very
important. Although the maximum common ways of
disposing rubbish are bins and baggage, both those
methods are carried out manually, Which means that
garbage disposal becomes a enormously time-ingesting
and hard process, and places inclusive of colleges, eating
places, hotels, offices, manufacturingflowersareadversely
affected. To overcome this feasible disaster, an automatic
gadget, applied with using electronics, added in such
locations, might prove to be noticeably efficient. it might
get the activity finished without1 difficulty, with minimal
labour and risks to fitness, as well as time and cash being
saved in the process. This idea turned into the base
background for us to undertake this assignment. The
concept of easing the challenge of collecting and disposing
rubbish changed into distinctly motivating, because we,as
university college students, are very plenty familiar with
this unpleasant job. So this is wherein the foundation of
our venture become laid.
2. AIM AND OBJECTIVES
Studying the problem of garbage disposal at a
school, restaurant, officeThe primary aim for doing our
project was to introduce a way in which garbage could be
collected and disposed in an efficientandeffectivemanner.
To achieve this, the following objectives have to be
completed.
 Home, Hotel, Production plant or any other
suitable location
 Develop a solution to that problem
 Studying the technologies that can solve the
problem
 Designing and developing a system forsolvingthe
problem
 Testing and maintaining the implemented system
This system, though primarily intended for the
benefit of school children, canbeusedandimplementedby
various other types of individuals as well.Forexample,in a
hospital, library, cafetaria,workingoffice,hotel,restaurant,
production plant or any other public place where the
disposal of garbage occurs on a daily basis, this system can
be used by the people frequenting such places, to
effectively dispose garbage. Inputs are Signals from the IR
sensors, Signals from radio transmission, Signal from the
ultrasonic sensor to find human interruption, Signal from
the ultrasonic sensor to indicate whether the dustbin is
full, through NODE MCU. outputs are Receives garbage

from garbage containers Sounds an alarm to indicate the
presence of dustbin, The garbage collector travels along
the pre-defined path Signal for the servo to open the
dustbin, Output to the mobile to indicate that dustbin is
full.
3. PROCESS
This type of garbage collection process follows
certain principle to collect the waste material in the smart
city. The whole process is to automate the difficulties
involved in collecting waste from every houses.Thepathis
black in colour, which is sensed by the IR sensors. The
trash buggy follows the black line. Ultrasonic sensor which
is placed at the front of the buggy senses if any human
intervention is there, stop for a while and rotatestheservo
to open the trash can. Active RF ID is placed at outside of
every wall. If the processor detect the RF ID, the buggy
stops in the particular place to collect the trash. When RF
ID is detected, buggy communicates with the dustbin
where the wastes of the particular home is placed through
NRF24L01.Receiver NRF24L10 receives the signal and
actuate the servo so that waste from the dustbin will fall
into the buggy.
TECHNOLOGY
 Arduino micro-controller technology
 DC gearhead motor technology
 Radio frequency technology
 IR (Infra-Red) technology
 Actuators
FEATURES
 The system is fully automated
 Does not require a large space to operate
 Ability to start up the system remotely
 Prevent from overflow of waste from dustbin
4. DESIGN
Garbage Collector:
Then we are going to programthegarbagecollector
to go to each house on pre-defined black path. When it
reaches a garbage container, it will receive garbage from
the garbage container. When the garbage bin is full it will
automatically go to the waste dump.
NodeMCU:
NodeMCU is a open source IoT platform. It
includes firmware which runs on the ESP8266 Wi-
FiSoC from Espress if Systems, and hardware which is
based on the ESP-12 module. It is a single-board
microcontroller and XTOS is the working operating
system.ESP8266 is the processor used in the node mcu. It
contain 128 kbytes of internal memory on board. It stores
about 4 Mbytes.
IR Sensors:
In this system, IR sensors are used for several
purposes. Since IR rays are absorbed by black surfaces, it
can be used to choose between black and other surfaces.
We are using IR sensors that take 2 different inputs into
the system.
Detect the path of the black line, which marks the route of
the garbage Collector, to detect the black line and to
determine the route and where to stop, an array of two
sensors are used.
Actuators Lid/Door:
Actuators or servomotor are used to open and
close the doors and lids of both the Garbage Container and
the Garbage Collector.
Buzzer:
This unit will be once activated if it senses the
RFID at particular location. It gives alarmsoundtoindicate
that trash buggy is available outside,sothatgarbagecan be
collected from each home.
Motor Left/Right:
We are using DC motors to move the garbage
collector around the selected environment, which is a
school in this case. Since normal DC motors have very high
rpm, and can only handle a littleamountoftorque,90RPM,
DC geared motors are used.
Motor Controller:
We cannot directly connect the motors into the
micro-controller, because there are situations where we
have to control the speed of the motors, such as when the
garbage collector is turned. We are using the PWM (Pulse
Width Modulation) method to control the voltage given to
the motors.

Garbage Level Checker:
The garbage level is checked by an ultrasonic
sensor, which is positioned inline, and on the correct level
inside the Garbage Collector. When the garbage is over a
certain limit, it obstructs the sound waves, which is
pointed at the sensor. This determines the Garbage
Collector to stop the current process, proceed directly to
the dumpsite and to return and continue the process from
where it last stopped.
Microcontroller:
This is the main part of the whole system. We are
using the Atmel 8-bit AVR chip as the micro controller. It
is the brain, as well as the heart of the system. It takes all
the inputs of the system and then performs the logic
operations and arithmetic operations. Then it outputs
necessary signals to the output modules. Therefore, this
chip is like a smaller, simpler version of a computer CPU.
Actuator Door:
The same type of actuators are used in here as it is
in the Garbage Collector. This actuator opens the door to a
side of the Garbage Container. When the door is opened,
the weight of the garbage and the slope inside forces the
container to empty itself.
Ultrasonic sensor:
The ultrasonic sensor is to detect the whether the
dustbin is full, and also to find out the human intervention
in the path, the trash follows.
Radio Receiver:
This unit receives signals from the radio
transmitter, which is connected to the garbage collector. A
signal decoder
5. AUTOMATION OF GARBAGE DISPOSAL
The Automated Garbage Collector is a simple
solution to overcome the difficulty of collecting garbage in
a places such as offices, hotels, productionplants,hospitals
and specially schools, where it is required to walk from
place to place to collect garbage. In this chapter, the way in
which the hardware and software hasbeen assembledinto
one single system is described, and a solution is offered.
6. OUR SOLUTION TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM
In this model, our way of collecting garbage from
each and every home is entirely different which is only
applicable for smart city purpose. Now a days garbage
collectors are facing huge problem in the process of
collecting garbage. By automating the
purpose of collection of garbage one can achieve clean
environment. Our buggy gets its multiple input from IR
sensor, RF Id which are placed at different location, and
output are given to motors, actuators and the buzzer.
Here, we designed with the help of Internet of
things to find out the overflow of garbage, by help of IOT,
messages will be immediately sent to the municipality for
further action.
Once the system is initiated with remote
controlled unit, trash buggy starts its work of collecting
garbage from each house following predefined
path(following the black line) .It is guided to each location
not only by following the line which is defined but also by
means of active RF ID. For the purpose of prototype we
used passive RF ID here, Active RF ID has long range and
gives accurate locomotion. RF ID and IR sensor are
feedback to each other to correct the error in the line
following
Each and every home in the path are identified by
the RF Id fixed to the wall of the particular house. Once RF
reader fixed in the buggy finds the particular rf id, buggy
stops in the particular locationandgivesalarmsound,Wait
for 10 sec in that location.
Wastes of particular house has to be placed in the
dustbin which is placed at outside of each house.Bymeans
of NRF 24L01 Transreceiver, trash buggy which moves
across each home communicate to the dustbin at the
respective location and actuate the servo so that trash can
be easily collected to the trash buggy without any human
intervention. It continues the same process until the trash
buggy is full
Filled trash buggy can be identified by ultrasonic
sensor fixed to the trash buggy, if the ultrasonic sensor
senses the trashRfis used to decode the signal into 4 bits.
Then it is fed into the micro controllerchip.Thenittriggers
the door opening mechanism.
Id in the particular street, send a message to the
near by main can is full, It will not recognize any of the
garbage collector and reside at the end of the particular
street.
If some human intervention is find in front of the
buggy path, it will stop for while also open the trash can so
that person can place the waste material.

7. BLOCK DIAGRAM
8. BENEFITS
1. Human interaction is not necessary.
2. Spreading of diseases can be minimized.
3. Since the trashcan is monitored regularly
overflowing is not possible.
9. CONCLUSION
All these old systems have dealt with carrying out
collected garbage for disposal. In our implementation, we
focus on both the collection and disposal of garbage. This
automated system facilitates an easier and smarter way of
dumping garbage. It is capable of automatically moving as
directed, and allows garbage to be disposed more easily.
This also helps to save time. It can be sent to collect
garbage whenever we need, and the garbage can then be
disposed of in the correct place in the correct manner.This
helps to get rid of many issues that occur with the disposal
of garbage.
10. REFERENCE
1) Prof. R.M.Sahu, AkshayGodase, Pramod Shinde,
Reshma Shinde, “Garbage and Street Light
Monitoring System Using Internet of Things”
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE
RESEARCH IN ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS,
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
ENGINEERING, ISSN (Online) 2321 – 2004, Vol. 4,
Issue 4, April 2016.
2) KanchanMahajan, Prof.J.S.Chitode, “Waste Bin
Monitoring System Using Integrated
Technologies”, International Journal ofInnovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)Vol.3,
Issue 7, July 2014.
3) Navghane S S, Killedar M S and RohokaleDV2016
IoT Based Smart Garbage and waste collection,
International Journal of Advanced Research in
Electronics And Communication.
4) Monika K A, Rao N, Prapulla S B and Shobha G
2016 Smart Dustbin-An EfficientGarbage
Monitoring System International Journal of
Engineering Science andComputing 6 7113-16.

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IRJET- Automatic Trash Can Buggy with IoT