IRJET - Dynamic Domestic Energy Utility Monitoring and Management using IoT

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1344
DYNAMIC DOMESTIC ENERGY UTILITY MONITORING AND
MANAGEMENT USING IoT
Karthikeyan L1, Mangaiarkarasi R2, Meciya M3 , Abirami S4
1,2,3
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College,
Tamilnadu, India.
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering
College, Tamil nadu, India.
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Abstract - The Digital India program is a flagship program
with a vision to rework India into a digitally authorized
society and data economy. Thus for supporting it, we a partof
the contribution by this project that creates the energy meter
reading digitally getting to update in the IoT server via
microcontroller in absence of unit reading workers. Normally
once sixty days the electricity board involved officer will mark
and tell the energy meter unit reading of explicit house and
this method drawn-out so to beat from it. Our systemishelpful
for each electricity departmentandthereforethehouseowner.
The unit reading for explicit meter can get updated within the
IoT server. This project is straight forward and luxurious for
the public to take care of the budget EB and economical too.
Key Words: IoT, microcontroller, economical, Budjet eb,
absence of unit reading workers, digital enery meter reading
1. INTRODUCTION
India stands in the third-largest producerofelectricityinthe
entire world with 4.8% of the world share. Out of the whole
power generated renewable energy constituted about
28.43% and the non-renewable energy constituted about
71.57%[1]. Electricity is an important requirement for
leading a comfortable life. It should be properly utilized and
managed. At present, the human operator from the
Electricity Board visits the resident to obtain the readings
from the energy meter and produces the bill for the specific
month manually. The idea is being proposed to scale back
the human interference to collectthemonthlyreadingandto
minimize the technical issues concerning thebillingmethod.
From the electricity board section, the data regarding the
payment of the bill and the pre-planned power shut down
details are communicated to the client. If the client doesn't
pay the bill in time, the user is informed through a message
using IoT. It provides pre-intimationofpowercutdetails and
also the energy consumption for every5minutes.Itprovides
an alert if the energy consumption exceeds beyond the
particular limit.. it is an efficient method of greateraccuracy,
improved billing. In flats, the energy meter is far away from
the residents therefore an LCD is placed in every residential
house in the lodging to informaboutthe messagesrelatingto
the power cut, energy consumption details. These features
are implemented through the Arduino NodeMCU (esp8266)
microcontroller. Esp8266 chip is the wifi module that helps
in transferring the data through the web.
2. EXISTING SYSTEM
The energy meter is a device that has been existing in these
days. The person from the EB office is assigned to check the
energy meter of houses in the surrounding locality. The bill
will be then generated based on the power consumed bythe
people for two months.
2.1 CHALLENGES FACED IN THE EXISTINGSYSTEM:
 It is a very time-consuming process.
 There is a chance for the improper functioning of
the energy meter.
 The bill generated by the human may have certain
errors and theft.
 There is a possibility to send a wrong bill to a
particular person.
 The check and balanceandverificationprocedureof
this meter reading are not present.
ANALOG METER DIGITAL METER
Fig -1: Existing meters
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
A smart energy meter is an electric device having an energy
meter chip for electric energy consumed measurement.
Wireless Protocol is used for Data communication and
Peripheral devices are used for data showing and meter
controlling. Our Embedded controllerisinterfacedwithGSM
modem and it is controlled using IoT. Readings will be
automatically updated to the server.Asmart energymonitor
shows you how much energy used in the home per minute.
Smart meters send accurate, regular informationaboutyour
energy use. The bills will be accurate and there will be an
end to submit meter reading.

Fig -2: Block diagram of the proposed system
3.1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
In our system, a unique Id is provided for eachenergymeter.
This unique Id number is interlinked with the customer’s
unique mobile Id number. It constantly monitors the energy
meter. The energy consumption from each house is given to
the control station with the help of the web server and the
billing and power cut details are sent from the control
station to the residential energy meter.
A. Energy consumption for every 5 minutes
In the existing energy meter, the meter shows the energy
consumed from the date of installation. In this system, the
daily energy consumed is calculated using the Arduino
microcontroller and it is displayed in the LCD. It is also
communicated to the consumer’s mobile using IoT.
B. Billing And Payment Through IoT
The billing detail for energy consumption is
communicated to the consumer every5minutesthrough the
web server using IoT. The payment is also made throughthe
webserver. This helps in the elimination of manual
dependency to collect the reading.
C. Pre-Intimation of Shut Down
The sudden power cut causes major problems in hospitals,
industries, and public sectors. To make safetyprecautionsin
hospitals, the power cut is announced in advance. The
power-off details are sent from EB web server to the
consumer’s unique ID using IoT. The details are also
displayed on the LCD.
E. Power Disconnection through a message
When the residents are out of the station and if they have
forgotten to off the power, it can be disconnected bysending
a message through the GSM module. This helps to prevent
the wastage of energy if anyequipmenthas beenforgotten to
off.
4. COMPONENT REQUIREMENTS
Table -1: Components needed
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
Voltage sensor
Current sensor
Arduino uno
Relay
Lcd
IoT
Arduino IDE
MySQL
PHP
Internet of Things (IoT) is an environment within which
objects, animals or inviduals are given distinctive identifiers
and ability to transfer data over a network withoutrequiring
human to human or human to computer interaction. TheIoT
permits objects to be sensed and/or controlled remotely
across existing network infrastructure, making
opportunities for more direct interaction of physical world
into computer based systems and leading to improved
potency, accuracy and economic profit. Data is also updated
to a selected website or a social network by which user will
be able to access data.
A current sensor (CT1270) is a device that detects electric
current (AC or DC) in a wire and generates an output
proportional to it. A voltage drop occurs when a current
flows through a wire or in a circuit. A magnetic field is also
generated surrounding the current-carrying conductor.
Thus, there are 2 types of current sensing: direct and
indirect. Direct sensingrelies onOhm’slaw,whereasindirect
sensing relies on Faraday’s and Ampere’s law. Indirect
Sensing involves measuringthemagneticfieldsurroundinga
conductor through which current passes. Direct Sensing
involves measuring the voltage drop associated with the
current passing through passive electrical components.
Direct sensing is used here.
AC voltage sensor is based on the principle of Magnetic
Modulation and is designed for the measurement of AC
voltage. The output of this sensorisproportional totheinput
AC voltage. It can be used for monitoring continuous ac
voltage of the system.
POWER
SUPPLY
(230V-
240V)
RELAY LOAD
VOLTAGE
SENSOR
CURRENT
SENSOR
ARDUINO
UNO
IoTLCD

Arduino Uno used here is a microcontroller board which is
based on the ATmega328P. It has fourteen digital
input/output pins (of which six are often used as PWM
outputs), six analog inputs. A sixteen MHz quartz crystal, a
USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button.
The Arduino IDE (Integrated Development environment)is
a cross-platform application that iswritteninfunctionsfrom
C and C++. It is used for writing and uploading programs to
Arduino compatible boards. The Arduino IDE provides a
software library from the Wiring project, that provides
several common input and output procedures.
MySQL is an open-source relational database management
system(RDBMS). The expansion of SQL is structured query
language. The MySQL server softwareandtheclientlibraries
use dual-licensing distribution. MySQL is a database
management system(DBMS) that allows you to manage
relational databases.
PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that is
popularly used which is especially suited for web
development. PHP code can be executed with a command-
line interface (CLI), embedded into HTML code, or used in
combination with various web template systems,
web content management systems, and web frameworks.
Fig -3: Circuit connection of the proposed smart meter
PHP login page
PHP Output
Fig -4: Resulting output
5. CONCLUSION
The Arduino esp8266 microcontroller is programmed to
perform the objectives with the help of IoT. It is proposed to
overcome all the disadvantages in the already existing
energy meter. All the details are available to the consumer
through the IoT and it is also displayed in the LCD. It is a
time-saving process and it helps to eliminate human
interference.
REFERENCES
[1] D. MohanaPriya, R. Reshma, D. Priyadharshini, Swathi
Vinod, "IoT Based Automation of Electricity
Consumption in Smarthomes", System Computation
Automation and Networking (ICSCAN) 2019 IEEE
International Conference.
[2] Mohammad Mahdavyfakhr, Seyyedmilad Ebrahimi,
Hanqing Lin, Juri Jatskevich, "An Effective Economical
Hierarchical Control Scheme for Low-Voltage AC
Microgrids", Technology Electronics and Mobile
Communication Conference (IEMCON) 2019 IEEE 10th
Annual Information.
[3] Guido Cavraro, Emiliano Dall’Anese, Andrey Bernstein,
"Dynamic Power Network State Estimation with
Asynchronous Measurements", Signal and Information
Processing (GlobalSIP) 2019 IEEE Global Conference .
[4] Samet Tonyali, Kemal Akkaya, "Ascalableprotocol stack
for IEEE 802.11s-based advanced metering
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Networking Conference (CCNC) 2018 15th IEEE
[5] Fenghua Peng, Feifei Feng, Bo Yan, Jie Zhang, "Arandom
access scheme based on dynamic allocation of PRACH
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[6] Ángel Recalde, Iván Endara, Marco Quimís, Cr isthian
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