IRJET- Intelligent Robot for Surveillance

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1156
INTELLIGENT ROBOT FOR SURVEILLANCE
Priyanka D. Balapure1, Darshana N. Wagh2 , Prof. Bhushan S. Rakhonde3
1,2 BE, Electrical Engineering Department, DES’s COET, Maharashtra, India
3Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering Department, DES’s COET, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract - Life is workbook of problem to be solved. In our
technical world invention of new technology is increasedayby
day. The robotics is top most important technology which is
used to surveillance purpose of detecting the occurrence
relevant events. As we know that Robot perform surveillance
task quite well with integrating action by using surveillance
system. This paper is to design and build manually controlled
surveillance robot with the help of low power zigbee wireless
sensor network to track out the intruders. This robot is
capable of performing multiple function in border area since
metal detector, temperature and humidity detector and
camera in it, it can silently enter into enemy area and send us
the live information about the opponents with the help of
camera attached to the laser gun which set the target. This
robot act as a companion to our soldier with the sensor based
robotic system. If there were something wrong we should only
loss the money of the robot instead of losing the soldier life.
Key Words: ATmega 16, Camera, LCD, Laser Gun,
Sensors, Zigbee.
1. INTRODUCTION
Once can fashion the life then no one is rights to wipe out it.
Security is the basic could do with for all country. Chuck are
the mother of inventions. Whenever human being finds the
need of something, it will lead to a brilliant invention. After
the 26/11 attack in INDIA, all country started focusing on
how to control the attack of terrorism and how to improve
the security to a nation. As a result some nations started
using of robots in the guard field. Since tracking of enemies
at different areas are very much difficult for soldiers. There
is a possibility of loss of soldier at the war situation. So our
idea is to replace the soldier with the robot soldier. Hence,
today is the era of revolution in the field of robotics. The
word robot was first used in 1927 play titledR.U.R.Rossum’s
Universal Robots, by Karel Capek. Robotics a Czech word
meaning “worker”. With the gradual enlargement of
technology that gives the various ideas for improvement in
robot. The robot is a contraption or device that is basically
place or mounted on a movable platform. Many of the
complex robots that we see now have originated from the
simple robot. In today’s life military robot is vary
consequence for soldier. Our life is dazzling and all human
wants to enjoy it. These our yearning is become true only
solders. The military robot is the autonomous robot that
consist wireless camera that human able to monitor via
computer as a spy. Today wireless system have been widely
used by many company because wireless can save cost of
wiring, easy to install, occupy lesser space, easy for
maintenance and more reliable.
In this paper the Zigbee is choose as transmission tool since
it is hasty and it can work in the absence of the Wi-Fi
connection in border area. Again advantage of this systemis
based to sense temperature and humidityformonitoringthe
environmental condition. The ultrasonic sensor, metal
detector are easily get output .The control mechanism is
provided along with video transmission is practically
achieved through high swiftness image transmission. The
lesser gun is attach to the camera to find the target as wellas
move with the camera. The panic is always India’sfirst rival
so, the robots are going to use for saving human life. Some
days ago India are faced ZARKHAND coercion from terrors.
Not only in ZARKHAND but also Kashmir and Mumbaiterror
attack have consummated that asfar aspossiblethefutureof
warfare will be handle by robot to protect human life. All
these functions are done automatically or manually withthe
help of software which is to be installed in host system.
2. PROPOSED CIRCUIT DESIGN OF ROBOTIC
VEHICLE
The block diagram of the hardware implementation of the
entire system is as shown in the Figure1
Fig.1: Hardware implementation of entire system

In proposed system, Solar panel is used as renewable
resource of power supply and the communication can be
done with the help of the Zigbee wireless communication
network. In this system, the robot is monitored using the
CMOS camera. The entire control is resided with the
microcontroller. In addition to this, metal detection,
temperature detection, humidity detection,livehumanbody
detection and pressure gun are included. The control of the
robot from remote location is done with a computer. The
information to the computer is carried out by the advanced
technology named Zigbee Technology.Whencontrolsignalis
given from computer it is transmitted with the help of
Zigbee. Video receiver receives the video signals from
camera. The system also sense the environmentalparameter
with the help of sensors.
3. HARDWARE SPECIFICATION
A. ATmega 16
ATmega16 is an 8-bit high performance microcontroller of
Atmel’s Mega AVR family with low power consumption.
Atmega16 can work on a maximum frequency of16MHz.Itis
the heart of our system which control the whole functionsof
robot.
B. Zigbee Module
ZigBee is used to transfer the data from the control unit to
the rover unit and vice-versa. It uses mesh topology which
allows Zig-Bee devices to automatically connect with and
transmit data through one another without the need of
central gateway like a router. It has low power consumption
and low data rate. Hence it is easy and efficient to send the
instructions like turn on the device, rotate right, left, etc.
C. Metal Detector
Metal detectors are useful for findingmetalenclosurehidden
within the object or metal objectsburiedunderground.Metal
detector is used here as a bomb detector. Inductively
coupled coil is used to find out the metal present inside the
ground. It absorbs the magnetic field comes out from the
metal and gives the acknowledgement to the control unit.
Metal detector consists of an oscillator producing an
alternating current that passes through a coil producing an
alternating magnetic field. If the current carrying metal is
close to it, eddy currents will be induced in the metal and
this produces a magnetic field. Magnetometer is used to
measure the magnetic field, the change in magnetic field
indicates the metal present inside the surface.
Fig.2: Metal Detector
D. Ultrasonic Sensor
The ultrasonic sensor is the eyes of the robot. They help
detect objects/ personnel in front of its immediate vicinity
up to 400 centimeters. The detection range however is
limited to 25-30 centimeters to ensure proper and timely
interaction with the robot. The following fig.3 shows the
ultrasonic sensor
Fig.3: Ultrasonic Sensor
E. DTH11 Sensor
The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost digital temperatureand
humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a
thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out a
digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed).
It’s fairly simple to use, but requires careful timing to grab
data. Itstechnology ensuresthe high reliabilityandexcellent
long-term stability. A high-performance 8-bit
microcontroller is connected.
Fig.4: DTH11 Sensor
F. LCD
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display
module and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD
display is very basic module and is very commonly used in
various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred
over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The
reasons being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable;
have no limitation of displaying special & even custom
characters , animations and so on

Fig.5: LCD
G. Camera Module
Wireless technology is being appliedtojustabouteverything
these days, and video surveillance takesgoodadvantageofit.
Fig.6: Camera Module
A wireless camera includesa built-in transmitterto
send video over the air to a receiver instead of through a
wire. Many people aren't aware that there are multipletypes
of wireless technology in use, each with unique advantages
and disadvantages. Above fig.7 shows the camera module
These devices work on a simple principle. The camera
contains a wireless radio (RF) transmitter. This transmitter
broadcasts the camera's video, which can be picked up by a
receiver, which will be connected to a monitor or recording
device. Some receivers have built-in storage, while others
must be connected to a DVR.
H. L293D
L293D isa dual H-bridge motor driverintegratedcircuit(IC).
Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since theytakealow-
current control signal and provide a higher-current signal.
This higher current signal isused to drive themotors.L293D
contains two inbuilt H-bridge driver circuits. In its common
mode of operation, two DC motors can be driven
simultaneously, both in forward and reverse direction. The
motor operations of two motors can be controlled by input
logic at pins 2 & 7 and 10 & 15. Input logic 00 or 11 will stop
the corresponding motor. Logic 01 and 10 will rotate it in
clockwise and anticlockwise directions, respectively.
I. Relay
Relays are electromechanical devices that use an
electromagnet to operate a pair of movable contacts froman
open position to a closed position. The electro-mechanical
relay is an output device (actuator) which come in a whole
host of shapes, sizes and designs, and have many uses and
applications in electronic circuits. But while electrical relays
can be used to allow low power electronic or computer type
circuits to switch relatively high currents or voltages both
“ON” and “OFF”, some form of relay switchcircuit isrequired
to control it.
J. 12v Battery
In the current market, lead-acid is the only available battery
technology for electric vehicle conversion. The followingisa
list of criteria to use in selecting an electric vehicle battery.
 Voltage. Batteries are available in both 6V and 12V
units. Most standard, wet-cell, golf cart batteriesare
6V units. Most sealed batteries are 12V units.
 Amp-hour rating. The capacity of a battery israted
in amp-hours. This rating must be specified with a
given discharge rate.
 Discharge rate. The discharge rate of a battery is
the minimum length of time during which the
battery must be discharged in order to meet the
specified amp hour rating.
 Watt-hour rating. The watt-hour rating is a true
indication of the energy Capacity of a battery, like
the amp hour rating, this rating must be specified
with a discharge rate. The watt-hour rating of a
battery is the amp-hour rating multiplied by the
specified voltage of the battery. Following fig.9
shows the 12v battery
K. Laser Gun
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of
optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of
photons. Laser light is notable for its high degree of spatial
and temporal coherence. The term laser originated as an
acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of
radiation.
Fig.7: Laser Gun
Laser target designator is a low power laser pointer used to
indicate a target for precision guided munitions. When a
targets marked by a designator, the beam is invisible and
doesnot shine continuously. Instead, a series of coded pulse
of laser light are fired. Following fig.10 shows the laser gun.

L. Solar cells
This robot uses four solar cells of 3 volt as renewable
resource of power supply .As the solar cells is not able to
provide continuous power to robot, a rechargeablebatteryis
used to provide constant power to vehicle which is
connected to solar cells through charge controller. Charge
controller is required prevent over charging of battery in
order to increase life span. The reduction in battery is
indicated by low battery indicator in order to provide
consistent output to user. Following fig.11 shows solar cell
Fig.8: Solar cell
4. SYSTEM OPERATION
The workingof robot mainly relieson commandprovidedby
user from the application on personalcomputer.Therobotis
equipped with necessary sensorsand peripheralsneededto
drivethe bot and to sense variousenvironmentaldatawhich
can be used for surveillance of that area. In this system two
geared DC motor are drive by microcontroller using DC
motor driver IC L293D in order to move robot in forward
reverse left and right direction. Similarly a servo motor is
used to rotate the camera precisely from 0 degree to 180
degree. Multiple sensors like temperature and humidity are
interfaced with the ADC of microcontroller.Allthishardware
is backed by a massive 12 V lead acid battery which provide
enough power for robot to operate.
A fully functional solar panel system is installed to make
robot completely autonomous. With all this peripherals
initialized robot waits for any command from PC through
zigbee a wireless transceiver connected on both ends for
wireless communication. Every button clicked on the
application software transmits a character wirelessly to the
zigbee on the robot end, a microcontroller read this
character and checks if this character is meant for some
function. If character matches the defined function code
related to that particular function gets executed. For
example if read sensors button is clicked a character is
received on robot tell robot to read the sensors values and
re-transmit it to PC. Same goes for forward reverse left and
right directions. This way the robot works on command
executed from PC remotely and in order to surveillance a
particular region a separate wireless camera is installed
which transmits video and audio signals from robot to PC
end using RF transmitter and receiver.
Fig.9: Circuit Diagram of Overall System
5. SOFTWARE DESIGN
Fig10: Screenshot of Output
In this paper windows application software is
created using visual studio with the help of visual basic
language for programming. The software is based on
Microsoft .NET framework. The software allow the user to
control robot remotely using the navigation keys present in
software itself. Following gives the path planning algorithm
of robot:

Fig.11: Path planning algorithm
6. RESULT
In this paper, we have developed a robotic system which is
operated using zigbee. A software code embedded into
microcontroller controlsthe workingof varioussensorsand
weapons embedded on the robot. DTH11 sense the
temperature and humidity, ultrasonic sensors detect the
obstacles on the way in the manual mode. Metal and
magnetic detection sensor detects the metal. Laser gun
attached works when any adverse condition happens or
robot is being attacked by any person. Video receivers
receives the video signals from camera and video shown on
the pc with the help of TV tuner.
Fig.12: Proposed Model of Intelligent Robot
7. CONCLUSION
In the vicinity of upcoming armed robots will be
used in the war field in order to save the life of soldiers. This
bread of robot well suited for surveillance, to reduce the
causalities and attack the enemiesin military.Theadditional
wirelesscontrol is one of the most important basic needsfor
all the people all over the world. But unfortunately the
technology is not fully utilized due to huge amount of data
and communication over heads. Generally many of the
wireless controlled robots use. But this paper for robotic
zigbee technology is choose as transmission tool since it is
hasty. The control mechanism is provided along with video
transmission is practically achieved through high swiftness
image transmission.
8. FUTURE SCOPE
Our future aim to focus on artificial intelligence, an effort
that could improve and other military function. And this
robot can be modify by using number of sensors formultiple
function.
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IRJET- Intelligent Robot for Surveillance

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