IRJET- LIFI Based Smart Library System

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1245
LIFI BASED SMART LIBRARY SYSTEM
Sanjitha.S1, Dr.Sumathi.R2
1 M.E[P.E.D],Dept of EEE, Sri Krishna College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India
2Associate Professor, Dept of EEE, Sri Krishna College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract - Imagine a world where every light could connect
you to the internet. Lights that illuminate our offices, homes,
cars and our streets also connecting us to data and powering
our growing demand for connectivity. A smart library system
is designed based on eco-friendly data transmissionusingLiFi.
LiFi is high speed bi-directional networked and
communication of data using light. LiFi comprises of multiple
light bulbs that form a wireless network, offering a
substantially similar user experience to Wi-Fi except usingthe
light spectrum. For data transfer LED (Light emitting diode)
has been used in both transmitting and receiving end. From
one PC to another PC data can be transferred through light.In
early research the light will blink and flash during the time of
data transfer that may irritate to the user during the data
transfer. Also the upload speed is not getting match with the
download speed, so that low data transfer rate will occur.
These problems can be overcome in our system like, light will
not flash during the time of data transmission, andcontinuous
light emission will transfer the data. Also uploadspeedisequal
to the download speed; through this methoddatatransferrate
will be higher.
Key Words: Lifi transmitter, Lifi receiver , proteus
simulation, text to speech technology, Lifi application
software
1. INTRODUCTION
Wireless communication schemes like Wi-Fi especially uses
radio/micro wave frequencies for data transmission,
primarily because of the possibility of high sensitivity
receivers and ability to provide broad coverage at low
frequencies and high frequency line of sight communication.
But, radio frequency can support only a finitebandwidthdue
to confined spectrum availability. The idea behind this
communication scheme is transmission of ‘Data through
illumination’. The intensity of the LEDs is varied by
alternating the current passed through them at very high
speeds. However, the human eye cannot recognize this
change and the LEDs appear to have a constant intensity.
This ON-OFF activity of LED lights facilitate data
transmission using binary codes i.e., when the LED is ON,
logical ‘1’ is transmitted and when the LED is OFF, logical ‘0’
is transmitted. In today world communication between the
devices are much common. Radio wave spectrum is very
small part of spectrum available for communication. But
with increase in advanced technology and number of user
the network becomes overloaded which results in failure to
provide high data rate. Visible light acts as rival to the
present wireless radio frequency communication by
achieving larger bandwidth and high data rate.Because with
larger frequency spectrum it is possible to provide a larger
portion of the bandwidth to each user to transfer
information.It is desirable to achieve more than 10Gbps
speed using this optical wireless technology also known as
Li-Fi. The communication is done in direct line of sight
manner by deploying transmitter and receiver .The speedof
data transmission will reduce or data transmission will stop
if line of sight is not used. Asonly photo receptorsare usedit
is also more securethan other wireless networks, whichcan
receive data within transmitted cone of light signals. LED
lights a particularly popular choice, because they can flicker
quickly enough to transmit a meaningful amountof dataand
are widely used for illumination purposes. Inthispaper,data
transmission between two devices is done by using the
medium of visible light of electromagnetic spectrum. LIFI is
always a greater technology providing greater speeds for
communication. In this LIFI image transmissionworksbased
on a simple technology. When LED light is ON digital data bit
stream of one is transmitted. When LED light turns off,
digital bit stream of zero is transmitted. Based on thissimple
technique data transmission was done with minimum
flickering for continuous transmission without any
interruption through visible light communication.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Communication is the processof sharing a messagebetween
devices by neither wire nor wireless. To reduce complexity
of extending wired communication recentlypeopleareusing
wireless with the help of radio waves. The radio waves are
dangerous to use which creates a problem to the user who
are using signal frequency as much as possible. Compare to
radio waves, light waves are more efficient and the
transmission of data requires negligible additional power.
Radio technology cannot support in some places, for
example transmission of RF spectrum in undergroundwater
is not possible but the Li-Fi can propagate through water so
it is adaptable for every environment. Radio technology
requires more number of components but the Li-Fi
technology requiresless number of componentsso Li-Fi has
low cost. Li-Fi can break the bandwidth barrier which is
suffered by existing wireless systems. Li-Fi uses the light
source area of the electromagnetic spectrum 10,000 times
more than RF of the electromagnetic spectrum. Li-Fi has the
tight illumination, Hence in this more amount of data can be
stored. It has capable of 1000 times more than data density
than Wi-Fi. Because of tight illumination it does not cause
any interference often, so it haslow interference. Due to this
low interference speed of the Li-Fi technology is more and it

provides high data rates. Light waves are nonhazardous so
this technology is safe and health free. Light waves which
are transmitted from LED bulbs are not penetrates through
wall. So it is difficult to theft data from Li-Fi signals. It
eliminates the risk of signal leakage. If the light source is in
available condition then there is also the internet is
available. Wherever you use lights, there will be an optionto
connect internet.
3. OVERALL NETWORKING PROCESS:
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR TRANSMITTER:
Here the user sends the required data to be fetched to the
server by means of lifi transmitter through level converter.
The data is then transmitted through an LED lights to the
server and the photo diode which is the receiver used to
receive the data required by the user by means level
converter.
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR RECEIVER:
The required data sent by the user is received by the server
by means of photodiode and level converter. The server
reads the data required by the user and then transmits it by
means of lifi transmitter to the user by using LED lights.
OVERALL BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR SMART LIBRARY:
In this smart library system, the user sendstherequireddata
through LIFI transmitter by means of level converter.Onthe
receiving end, the data is received by means of photodiode
and sent to the source where data is to be fetched through
level converter. Once the data is fetched, the data is again
transmitted from the source to the receiver through LIFI
transmitter by means of level converter. The data
transmission and receiving processis done by simulationby
means of proteus simulation software.
Once the data is received, the user can access various
features as,
• A text to speech (TTS) software will convert any
kind of text format into speech, is a computer based system

that can read text aloud automatically, regardlessofwhether
the text is introduced by a computer input.
• User can directly access the specified content/page
number required , in a book so that time is not wasted.
TEXT TO SPEECH TECHNOLOGY:
A text-to- speech (TTS) system converts normal language
text into speech; other systems render symbolic linguistic
representations like phonetic transcriptions into speech. A
text-to- speech system (or engine) is composed of twoparts:
a front-end and a back-end. The front-end has two major
tasks. First, it converts raw text containing symbols like
numbers and abbreviations into the equivalent of written-
out words. This process is often called text
normalization, pre-processing, or tokenization. The front-
end then assigns phonetic transcriptions to each word, and
divides and marks the text into prosodic units, like
phrases, clauses, and sentences. The process of assigning
phonetic transcriptions to words is called text-to-
phoneme or grapheme-to- phoneme conversion. Phonetic
transcriptions and prosody information together make up
the symbolic linguistic representation that is output by the
front-end. The back-end—often referred to as
the synthesizer—then converts the symbolic linguistic
representation into sound. In certain systems, this part
includes the computation of the target prosody (pitch
contour, phoneme durations), which is then imposed on the
output speech. In this paper this technology is implemented.
SIMULATION RESULTS:
PROTEUS SIMULATION :
Proteus (processor for text Easy to use) is a fully functional,
procedural programming language created in 1998 by
Simone Zanella. Proteus incorporates many functions
derived from several other
languages: C, BASIC, Assembly, Clipper/dBase;itisespecially
versatile in dealing with strings, having hundreds of
dedicated functions; this makes it one of the richest
languages for text manipulation.
Proteus owes its name to a Greek god of the sea (Proteus),
who took care of Neptune's crowd and gave responses; he
wasrenowned for being able to transform himself,assuming
different shapes. Transforming data from one form to
another is the main usage of this language.
Proteus was initially created as a multiplatform
(DOS, Windows, Unix) system utility, to manipulate textand
binary files and to create CGI scripts. The language waslater
focused on Windows, by adding hundreds of specialized
functions for: network and serial communication, database
interrogation, system service creation, console applications,
keyboard emulation , ISAPI scripting (for IIS). Most of these
additional functions are only available in the Windows
flavour of the interpreter, even though a Linux versionisstill
available.
Proteus was designed to be practical (easy to use, efficient,
complete), readable and consistent.
Its strongest points are:
 powerful string manipulation;
 comprehensibility of Proteus scripts;
 availability of advanced data
structures: arrays, queues (single or double), stacks, bit
maps, sets, AVL trees.
The language can be extended by adding user functions
written in Proteus or DLLs created in C/C++.
SIMULATION FOR LIFI TRANSMITTER :
The components used for transmitting data ,
 PIC Microcontroller
 Keypad
 LIFI Transmitter
 Pull-up resistor
The input from the user is given through keypad to the
microcontroller and then the microcontroller access the
input and the received data from the user is sent to the
source through LIFI transmitter. The simulation for data
transmission is shown above.

SIMULATION FOR LIFI RECEIVER:
The data which is transmitted from the user through LIFI
transmitter is received to the source by means of LIFI
receiver. The required data is fetched from the source and
again it is sent to the user by the same means of transmitting
and receiving process. The simulation for data receiver is
shown above.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR STUDENT SYSTEM:
LIFI TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER:
EXPLANATION:
The user sends the required data from the PC to the LIFI
transmitter through level converter(MAX232)whichserially
involves sending a series of digital pulses back and forth
between devices at a mutually agreed-uponrate. Thesender
sends pulses representing the data to be sent at the agreed-
upon data rate, and the receiver listens for pulses at that
same rate, the MAX232 will continually readthevoltagethat
the sender is putting out, and every 1/9600th of a second,
and it will interpret that voltage as a new bit of data. If the
voltage is high, it will interpret that bit of data as a 1. If it is
low, it will interpret that bit of data as a 0.WhenaMAX232IC
receives a TTL level to convert, it changes a TTL Logic 0 to
between +3 and +15V, and changesTTL Logic 1 to between -
3 to -15V, and vice versa for converting from RS232 to TTL. .
By interpreting several bits of data over time, the receiver
can get a detailed message from the sender. A relay driver
which is useful to switch on and off a light bulb (or anything
else) ,this circuit will drive a relay coil from a low power
output, usually from a TTL/CMOS. It is used to switch on the
led and the data is transmitted.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR LIBRARY SYSTEM:
LIFI TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER:
EXPLANATION:
The data sent from the user through led light is received by
photodiode where the data in the form lightisconvertedinto
electric signals(Voltage levels) whichisreceivedbyMAX232
and convert the logic signals according to the system. Once
the data is received ,again it is transmitted back to the user
by the same process through LIFI transmitter. In both
transmitter and receiver , a high power LED is used for the
data transmission , also consume a fraction of power of an
incandescent bulb making them extremely energy efficient,
and the flickering time is reduced by reducing the delaytime
which is set and allowscontinuousdata transmission which
equals upload speed and download speed.
HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION:
LIFI TRANSMITTER:

LIFI RECEIVER:
DESIGN OF LIFI LIBRARY APPLICATION:
VISUAL STUDIO APP:
This app is created at both the user and library side to create
a webpage required by the user and the library system. And
a text to speech software is also installed at both the student
system and library system for much more easier access.
TEXT TO SPEECH TECHNOLOGY:
A text-to- speech (TTS) system converts normal language
text into speech; other systems render symbolic linguistic
representations like phonetic transcriptions into speech. A
text-to- speech system (or engine) is composed of twoparts:
a front-end and a back-end. The front-end has two major
tasks. First, it converts raw text containing symbols like
numbers and abbreviations into the equivalent of written-
out words. This process is often called text
normalization, pre-processing, or tokenization. The front-
end then assigns phonetic transcriptions to each word, and
divides and marks the text into prosodic units, like
phrases, clauses, and sentences. The process of assigning
phonetic transcriptions to words is called text-to-
phoneme or grapheme-to- phoneme conversion. Phonetic
transcriptions and prosody information together make up
the symbolic linguistic representation that is output by the
front-end. The back-end—often referred to as
the synthesizer—then converts the symbolic linguistic
representation into sound. In certain systems, this part
includes the computation of the target prosody (pitch
contour, phoneme durations), which is then imposed on the
output speech. In this paper this technology is implemented.
STUDENT SYSTEM:
In this student system, a hyper terminal software is installed
at user side PC through which the data required by the is
user is given as input and it is sent to the library system by
means of Lifi transmitter through USB to UART converter.
Once the data is received by the user a text to speech
technology is implemented where the data can be read by
the user.
LIBRARY SYSTEM:
In this library system, a RS 232 Data Logger app is installed
at the library side PC to correctly read and fetch the data
required by the user in the proper manner. In the same way
the data is transmitted from library system to the user by
means of LIFI transmitter and LIFI receiver.
CONCLUSION:
This paper describesthe characteristics and working of LIFI
based data communication system. LED does not cause any
health hazardsthusthis communication throughLED is safe

to use. It provides wider range of bandwidth so availability
increased anyone can access service, where light source is
present. It also provides secure link due to line of sight, no
any intruder standing outside the room can hack the data.In
this proposed system, the modulation and detection
methods used are easy to design and implement.Thusinthis
smart library system ,the continous data transmission is
achieved without any blink and flash that occur during data
transfer so that the upload speed equalsthe downloadspeed
to achieve higher data transfer rate and the user is also
benefited with the additional features added.
REFERENCES
[1] G. Pang, T. Kwan, C.-H. Chan, and H. Liu, “Led traffic light
as a communications device,” IEEE/IEEJ/JSAI International
Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Tokyo,
Japan, pp. 788- 793, 2012
[2] Y. Tanaka, S. Haruyama, and M. Nakagawa, “Wireless
optical transmissions with white colored led for wireless
home links,” 11th IEEE International Symposium on
Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications(PIMRC
2000), Vol. 2, London,U.K.,pp. 1325-1329, 2000.
[3]Lubin Zeng, Dominic C. O’Brien, Hoa Le Minh, Grahame
E.Faulkner, Kyungwoo Lee, Daekwang Jung, YunJe Oh and
Eun Tae Won, “High data rate Multiple Input Multiple
Output(MIMO) optical wirelesscommunicationsusingwhite
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[4]“A Visible Light Communication System for Indoor
Application” Amrutha.S, Ansu Mathew, Rajasree.R, Swarthy
Sugathan; Aravind.S, International Journal of Engineering
and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 3, Issue 12, June
2014.
[5]Abhishek Kurup, Vipin Tiwari, Selvanathiya
(2014),‘Implementation And Demonstration Of Li-Fi
Technology’,InternationalJournalofResearchinEngineering
and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308.
[6]Sihua Shao, Abdallah Khreishah (2015), ‘Design of a
visible light-communication enhanced WiFisystem’,IEEE10
mar 2015.
[7]Dilukshan Karunatilaka, Fahad Zafar, Vineetha
Kalavally,(2015), ‘LED Based Indoor Visible Light
Communications: State of the Art’, Ieee Communication
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